Leisure Engagement Among People Living With Acquired Brain Injury: A Scoping Review.

The review included studies with variable and often low methodological quality, particularly regarding the use of valid and reliable outcome measures for leisure. Most studies focused on older adults (mean age 65+) with stroke, limiting generalizability to younger adults or those with traumatic brain injury. Cross-sectional studies relied on recall of pre-injury leisure activities, introducing a significant risk of recall bias. There was a lack of diversity in study locations, with few studies from Eastern or Global South regions, potentially missing cultural influences on leisure. Definitions and measures of 'leisure' varied widely across the included studies, making direct comparison difficult.

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest and received no financial support for the research, authorship, or publication of this article.

Do not assume that all reduced leisure participation is a deficit requiring remediation. One study found no difference in satisfaction pre- and post-injury, and a person with lived experience suggested home-based engagement may reflect personal preference rather than barrier-driven restriction. Assess the client's values before targeting increased community participation.