SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 143 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPCohort2024The relationship between patient-specific factors and functional progression of COVID-19 survivors admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationPatients recovering from severe COVID-19 in inpatient rehab made significant gains in mobility, self-care, and cognition. Older age predicted smaller gains in mobility and self-care, while those with more severe acute illness or lower starting function showed greater improvement.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Life expectancy and long-term survival after traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicinePeople with traumatic spinal cord injury live significantly shorter lives than the general population. Survival depends heavily on injury level and severity, with tetraplegia and high-level lesions carrying the greatest mortality risk.
• SLPCohort2024Sports-Related Concussion in Collegiate Athletes: The Potential Benefits of Using Graded Neuropsychological Tests With High Ceilings.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAcutely concussed college athletes performed worse than peers on difficult cognitive tests but matched them on easy ones. Average scores showed no significant differences, suggesting standard tests may miss subtle deficits that only appear under high cognitive load.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024"They Just Love Me"-An Examination of Social Support Experiences and Values Among People With TBI.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationPeople with TBI described good support as reliable, loving relationships, not just help with tasks. They valued doing things together, contributing to others, and feeling genuinely cared for. Tangible help was often available, but emotional closeness and dependable inclusion were harder to find.
• SLPSurvey2025Older adults with communication disabilities and their use of communication support at doctor's visits: a nationally representative study.Disability and rehabilitationOlder adults with communication disabilities used a communication support person at doctor visits more often than peers without disabilities (40.1% vs 16.8%), but over half did not. Black older adults and women with communication disabilities were less likely to use it.
• SLPQualitative2025Clinician perspectives on characteristics and care of traumatic brain injury among asylum seekers and refugees.Disability and rehabilitationClinicians described traumatic brain injury in refugees as often mild, remote, and caused by violence or strangulation. Symptoms overlap with PTSD, leading to underdiagnosis. They reported relying on voluntary disclosure rather than standardized screening, noting that stigma and resource limits hinder care.
• SLPCase Report2025Approach to obtaining a swallow study in a five-year-old with a disability and significant procedural anxiety: A case report.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineA five-year-old with cerebral palsy and severe x-ray anxiety completed a swallow study after desensitization visits, gradual exposure to equipment and staff protective gear, and buspirone. The study allowed his diet to include moderately thickened liquids.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025Resilience and coping: a qualitative analysis of cognitive and behavioral factors in adults with osteogenesis Imperfecta.Disability and rehabilitationAdults with Osteogenesis Imperfecta described building resilience by separating their identity from their diagnosis and reframing physical limitations as opportunities for growth. They relied heavily on social support, planning ahead, and acceptance of pain rather than trying to control what they could not change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Temporal Profile of Serum Neurofilament Light (NF-L) and Heavy (pNF-H) Level Associations With 6-Month Cognitive Performance in Patients With Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationElevated serum pNF-H levels measured 16 to 90 days after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury predict worse cognitive performance at six months. This association held even after adjusting for age and education. Acute levels and NF-L were not predictive.
• SLPOther2024Summary of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Self-reported Traumatic Brain Injury Survey Efforts.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationSelf-reported concussion prevalence is far higher than hospital data, but estimates swing wildly based on survey wording. Asking about 'concussion' yields much higher rates than 'mild traumatic brain injury', and listing symptoms individually raises reported prevalence compared to single questions.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Psychological distress and mental health diagnoses in adults by disability and functional difficulty status: Findings from the 2021 national health interview survey.Disability and health journalAdults with functional difficulty had 3.63 times greater odds of anxiety and 3.82 times greater odds of depression than those without. Psychological distress remained significantly higher in disabled adults even after controlling for these diagnoses, suggesting unmet mental health needs beyond current treatment.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Silent Struggles: Traumatic Brain Injuries and Mental Health in Law Enforcement.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationMost officers in one county reported head injuries, but screening for PTSD showed no difference between those with and without them. Depression scores were higher in officers with head injuries, yet the cross-sectional design cannot prove the injuries caused this.
• SLPSurvey2024Cesarean birth and adverse birth outcomes among sub-populations of deaf and hard-of-hearing people.Disability and health journalDeaf and hard-of-hearing women who reported poor communication during pregnancy had more preterm births and NICU admissions. No other hearing-related factors, like language or severity, were linked to adverse outcomes in this survey of 583 women.
• SLPCohort2024Sleep Disruption Persists and Relates to Memory Disability After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study of Adults in the Chronic Phase of Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAdults with chronic traumatic brain injury reported significantly poorer sleep quality and more nighttime disturbances than matched non-injured peers. This sleep disruption persisted years after injury and correlated strongly with self-reported memory failures in daily life.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Telerehabilitation - Historical Perspectives and Conceptual Framework in Reference to Neurological Disorders: A Narrative Review.NeuroRehabilitationThis review maps the history of telerehabilitation for neurological disorders, noting it began with speech therapy and now includes video, apps, and sensors. It identifies barriers like poor digital literacy and limited physical exam options, but does not test whether these methods improve patient outcomes.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2025The functional secondary effect after an integrated rehabilitative intervention to learn reading and writing in a girl with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineA girl with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome improved in reading, writing, and digital communication after years of multidisciplinary therapy. Her test scores remained below norms, but she gained autonomy in daily life. This shows what one patient achieved, not that the method works for others.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Experiences with hospital-to-home transitions: perspectives from patients, family members and healthcare professionals. A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.Disability and rehabilitationPatients and families struggle with discharge because they don't know who to call, get overwhelmed by bad information, and feel abandoned. Professionals lack time and clear roles. Success relies on early planning, knowing exactly who coordinates care, and providing simple, timely support rather than just handing over paperwork.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Incidence and outcomes of pediatric patients with dual diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury and brain injury on an inpatient rehabilitation unit.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationPediatric patients with spinal cord injury and suspected brain injury showed no significant difference in functional recovery compared to those with spinal injury alone. However, agitation and attention problems appeared only in the suspected brain injury group, suggesting these symptoms may signal an undiagnosed concurrent condition.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Employing the International Classifications of Functioning, Disability, and Health to identify relevant categories for disability evaluation in older adults from the research perspective: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineResearch on older adults' disability focuses almost entirely on self-care, mobility, and housework. Mental functions appear frequently, but environmental factors are largely missing from existing measures. This gap suggests current evaluations overlook how physical and social surroundings act as barriers or facilitators to daily life.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025Centering the person in development of a model of care for people with Parkinson's disease: a qualitative study.Disability and rehabilitationPeople with Parkinson's and their care partners described feeling overwhelmed by fragmented care. They wanted a single coordinator to manage referrals, clear information on daily life and medications, and community groups to reduce isolation and stigma.
• SLPCohort2025Quantitative ultrasound of submental and masticatory muscles in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineUltrasound scans showed that muscles used for chewing and swallowing in children with cerebral palsy are structurally abnormal, appearing brighter on the scan. These changes were found even in children who eat and drink safely, suggesting the scan may detect subtle issues missed by standard observation.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Socioeconomic factors in inflicted traumatic brain injury: Examining the area deprivation index.Rehabilitation psychologyIn children with inflicted brain injury, a neighborhood deprivation index did not predict death, intensive care stay, or follow-up visits. Hispanic/Latino children lived in more deprived neighborhoods. Older children were more likely to die, stay longer in intensive care, and have fewer visits.
• SLPQualitative2025"I don't really know how to help her." Family caregivers' capabilities, opportunities and motivations to provide hearing support to long-term care home residents with dementia.Disability and rehabilitationFamily caregivers of nursing home residents with dementia feel unable to support hearing because they lack knowledge of alternatives to hearing aids and clear responsibility. They want guidance on communication techniques and devices, but face barriers like poor audiology access and staff collaboration.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024What factors at discharge predict physical activity and walking outcomes 6 months after stroke? A systematic review.Clinical rehabilitationPhysical capability at discharge predicts walking and activity outcomes up to six months after stroke, but explains only part of the result. Cognitive function and pre-stroke activity levels also contribute significantly. Clinicians should assess these factors to tailor discharge planning and anticipate needs for ongoing care.
• SLPCohort2024Characterizing the Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Discontinuation of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in a Commercially Insured Adult Population.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAdults with a traumatic brain injury were 13% more likely to stop taking medications for opioid use disorder compared to those without. Type of medication mattered more: oral naltrexone had a 63% higher risk of discontinuation than buprenorphine.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Considerations for developing complex post-stroke upper limb behavioural interventions: An international qualitative study.Clinical rehabilitationExperts and stroke survivors agreed that upper limb recovery needs complex, personalised interventions where engagement, content, dose, and the therapist's skill interact. They warned against treating any single element in isolation, emphasizing that real-world participation matters as much as impairment scores.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025A Directed Content Analysis for Greatest Problems Among People With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPeople with TBI identified financial management and relationship adjustments as their greatest recent problems. Unlike other groups, their top concerns were emotional and cognitive abilities rather than just participation barriers. This suggests care should prioritize addressing mood, family dynamics, and daily functioning challenges alongside physical rehabilitation.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2025Depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress in women with and without brain injuries due to intimate partner violence: Psychometric evaluation of measurement approaches and group comparisons.Rehabilitation psychologyCommon mental health screens work well for women with brain injuries from partner violence. Differences in depression and PTSD symptoms between those with and without injuries disappeared when accounting for the severity of the violence itself.
• OTSLPQualitative2025"I'm completely off base here on what this child is capable of": A qualitative analysis of how medical ableism manifests in PICU clinicians' care of children with severe neurological impairment.Disability and health journalPICU clinicians admitted they often underestimate children with severe neurological impairment because they only see them at their sickest. They suggested using photos of the child at home and asking parents specific questions to correct these biases and provide more personalized care.
• SLPCohort2025Concussion acutely disrupts auditory processing in division I football student-athletes.Brain injuryFootball players tested 24 to 72 hours after concussion had reduced brain responses to pitch and speech sounds compared with their own preseason baseline. The drop covered both pitch and the features that distinguish speech sounds.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024High-Frequency rTMS Broadly Ameliorates Working Memory and Cognitive Symptoms in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke patients receiving high-frequency rTMS over the left prefrontal cortex for two weeks showed significantly better working memory scores than those receiving sham stimulation. These improvements in memory, attention, and daily living tasks persisted for four weeks after treatment ended.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2024Increased Auditory Dual Task Cost During Gait Initiation in Adult Patients With Persistent Concussion Symptoms.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationAdults with persistent concussion symptoms showed greater dual-task cost during gait initiation than healthy controls. They reduced forward and lateral movement when adding a cognitive task, suggesting they prioritize hearing over balance. This may increase fall risk in noisy environments.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2024An overview of the effects and mechanisms of transcranial stimulation frequency on motor learning.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTranscranial alternating current stimulation effects on motor learning vary widely by frequency, timing, and brain location. Alpha and beta sometimes improve learning but can impair consolidation depending on age and site. Gamma shows mixed results, with high frequencies often aiding retention while slow frequencies disrupt it. No universal protocol exists.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Brain-Hand Function Relationships Based on Level of Grasp Function in Chronic Left-Hemisphere Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairHand function relates to different brain networks depending on severity. In severe grasp impairment, contralesional connectivity matters most. In moderate impairment, corticospinal tract integrity predicts function. In mild impairment, neither motor connectivity nor tract integrity correlated with hand function.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025A Role for Health Literacy in Protecting People With Limited English Proficiency Against Falling: A Retrospective, Cohort Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationLimited English proficiency nearly tripled fall odds in rehab. Inadequate health literacy raised that risk fourfold, while adequate literacy kept risk comparable to English speakers. Language barriers and reading difficulty, not cognition alone, drove falls.
• SLPSurvey2025Self-reported hearing loss and health during a pandemic: Findings from a cross-sectional analysis using a 2021 household survey.Disability and health journalAdults in Wisconsin who reported hearing loss had significantly higher rates of depression, anxiety, and fair or poor general health during the pandemic compared to those without hearing loss. This association persisted after adjusting for age, gender, and race.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Exploring the perspectives of health care professionals on digital health technologies in pediatric care and rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationClinicians planning to use more digital tools valued their patient benefits but worried they might harm the therapeutic relationship. Ease of use predicted successful adoption, while lack of training and poor infrastructure predicted failure. Barriers differed by technology type.
• PTOTSLPPilot2024A new modular neuroprosthesis suitable for hybrid FES-robot applications and tailored assistance.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA new modular FES system worked in four people with stroke or spinal cord injury, but kinematic changes varied. Removing gastrocnemius stimulation improved dorsiflexion in one case. This is a device test, not proof of clinical benefit.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core sets for deafblindness, part II of the systematic review: linking data to the ICF categories.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineDeafblindness in adults is characterized by challenges in listening, seeing, and hearing, alongside emotional impacts. Communication assistive technology and interpersonal relationships are central to functioning. Current classification systems miss key personal factors and accessibility needs, requiring more specific coding.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024The Minimal assessment Protocol for Cerebral Stroke 2020 (PMIC2020): a multicenter feasibility study in post-stroke inpatient rehabilitation.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineThe updated stroke assessment protocol took about 27 minutes at admission and 18 minutes at discharge. It was feasible in eight rehabilitation centers, with less than 10% dropouts. Severe disability predicted longer administration times, but most clinicians rated the tool as good or very good.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Heart rate variability activity in soccer athletes after a musculoskeletal injury.Journal of rehabilitation medicineInjured soccer players showed altered heart rate variability patterns compared to when they returned to play, specifically lower LF power and LF/HF ratio with higher HF power immediately after injury. These autonomic shifts suggest HRV could help detect injury or guide return-to-play decisions.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2025New-onset hydrocephalus in an adult with cerebral palsy: A case report and review of the literature.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineA 27-year-old woman with cerebral palsy developed new hydrocephalus, causing severe spasms and pain. An MRI revealed enlarged ventricles. Shunt surgery resolved her symptoms rapidly. This case suggests clinicians should investigate neurologic causes for new or worsening hypertonia in adults with cerebral palsy.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2025Health outcomes of former division I college athletes.Brain injuryFormer collision sport athletes reported more cognitive complaints, impulsivity, rage, and sleep apnea than non-collision athletes. However, the 6.2% response rate means these findings may reflect selection bias, so they do not prove collision sports cause these health issues.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Long-term life expectancy in severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineSurvivors of severe traumatic brain injury face significantly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. The risk of death remains elevated for years, particularly for those with limited mobility or self-care abilities, though independent walking improves survival prospects.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024The inertial-based gait normalcy index of dual task cost during turning quantifies gait automaticity improvement in early-stage Parkinson's rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA new turning-based dual-task index detected gait automaticity changes after 12 weeks of action observation training in early Parkinson's, while standard walking speed and dual-task cost measures showed no group difference. Balance and quality of life also improved more with training.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Unveiling the burden of COPD: perspectives on a patient-reported outcome measure to support communication in outpatient consultations-an interview study among patients.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesNine COPD patients described how a pre-visit questionnaire helped them identify and disclose hidden psychosocial struggles like loneliness and depression. They valued clinicians asking direct follow-up questions based on these answers, which made conversations feel deeper and more personal.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Perturbational complexity index in assessing responsiveness to rTMS treatment in patients with disorders of consciousness: a cross-over randomized controlled trial study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTen days of active brain stimulation improved consciousness scores and brain complexity in patients with minimally conscious state compared to sham. Seven of twenty patients responded. All patients also received routine rehabilitation, so the effect of stimulation alone cannot be separated.
• SLPRCT2025A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial of Prebiotic Supplementation in Children with Autism: Effects on Parental Quality of Life, Child Behaviour, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, and the Microbiome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersSix-week GOS plus dietetic advice did not improve parental quality of life, child social or mealtime behaviour, or overall GI symptoms in autistic children more than placebo plus dietetic advice. It increased Bifidobacterium, but did not give clear clinical benefit.
• SLPPilot2025Brief Report: Telehealth Music-Enhanced Reciprocal Imitation Training in Autism: A Single-Subject Feasibility Study of a Virtual Parent Coaching Intervention.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAll parents learned to use the music-enhanced autism imitation coaching strategies with fidelity, and they kept using them after online coaching. Children's spontaneous imitation did not consistently increase.
• OTSLPCohort2024Brief Report: The Factors Associated with Social Cognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic children without intellectual disability scored lower than neurotypical peers on theory of mind, working memory, and inferential thinking. Theory of mind was the strongest differentiator, correctly identifying 82% of the autistic group, but performance relied heavily on general cognitive abilities.