Application of Second-Order Growth Mixture Modeling to Longitudinal Traumatic Brain Injury Outcome Research: 15-Year Trajectories of Life Satisfaction in Adolescents and Young Adults as an Example.
Jiabin Shen, Yan Wang
PMID 35051401WHAT IT FOUND
Most adolescents and young adults with TBI stayed high in life satisfaction over 15 years.
Some stayed low, and others changed over time. Baseline employment, sex, race and cognitive independence were linked to these groups.
Key findings
01The best-fitting model had four classes: high-stable (55%), low-stable (17%), high-decreasing (11%), and low-increasing (17%).
02Unemployed individuals were less likely to be in the high-stable class (41.92%) than employed individuals (56.96%).
03Black individuals were less likely to be in the high-stable class (39.50%) than White individuals (59.59%).
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs
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What it does not show
Different fit criteria disagreed about the best number of classes before the four-class solution was chosen. The analysis assumed measurement invariance across latent classes because testing it with this method remains unresolved. Patients came only from the participating TBIMS centers, so results may not apply elsewhere. The paper mainly introduced a statistical method and analyzed only life satisfaction and selected covariates.
Declared interests
The authors declared no conflicts of interest. The article is listed as supported by NIH extramural and U.S. Government non-PHS research support.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read these trajectories as causes or as evidence that any rehabilitation program changes life satisfaction. The study is observational and only reports associations between baseline characteristics and later trajectory membership.