TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 56 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTPilot2024Virtual Assessment of Functional Mobility in Lower Extremity Prosthesis Clients: An Exploratory Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTwelve lower-limb prosthesis users completed a virtual mobility test at home. Their self-reported function scores matched the timed Up and Go results. A faster Up and Go time predicted a higher self-rated ability to handle daily activities.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2024Impact of the combination of virtual reality and noninvasive brain stimulation on the upper limb motor function of stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCombining virtual reality with brain stimulation improved arm movement scores more than standard care, but did not significantly improve daily living activities or muscle tone. Benefits were strongest in patients treated within a year of stroke onset, suggesting this combo helps motor recovery rather than overall independence.
• PTOTCohort2025Home, but Homebound After Traumatic Brain Injury: Risk Factors and Associations With Nursing Home Entry and Death.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationOne year after moderate-severe TBI, 14.2% of people living in the community were homebound. Being homebound was linked to higher five-year death risk; the nursing home link weakened after accounting for health and function.
• PTCohort2024Time-course for acquiring transfer independence in patients with subacute stroke: a prospective cohort study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients split into three groups: those independent early, those needing help but improving, and those remaining dependent. For the middle group, switching to walking practice was often more efficient than mastering wheelchair transfers. For the dependent group, prioritise subtasks like sitting stability over equipment manipulation.
• PTOTPilot2024Inertial measurement units to evaluate the efficacity of Equino Varus Foot surgery in post stroke hemiparetic patients: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 20 patients, most reported better walking after surgery, but the sensor-based gait scores did not change significantly. The sensors worked reliably, yet they did not prove the surgery improved gait.
• PTOTOther2024A reliable and valid assessment of upper limb movement quality after stroke: the observational Drinking Task Assessment.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThe Drinking Task Assessment reliably scores upper limb movement quality after stroke in 5 to 10 minutes. It correlates strongly with standard tests like the ARAT and Fugl-Meyer. A change of 1 point in the total score or 1 second in movement time reflects real improvement, not just measurement error.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2024Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation alone or in combination with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in poststroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRepetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation improved upper limb movement and daily activities in stroke patients compared to sham or no stimulation. Adding transcranial magnetic stimulation did not provide extra benefit over transcranial magnetic stimulation alone. Higher stimulation doses were linked to better activity outcomes.
• PTSLPCohort2024Lower peak expiratory flow rate is associated with a higher risk of pneumonia in patients with stroke.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineStroke patients with a peak expiratory flow below 60% of the expected value had a significantly higher risk of developing pneumonia during rehabilitation. This simple bedside breathing test, combined with swallowing assessment and age, helps identify patients who need closer respiratory monitoring.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Risk-taking behaviour and executive functions, a major component of the risk of fall factors after recent stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePost-stroke patients with anosognosia, impulsivity, inattention, or perseveration had significantly higher odds of falling in rehab, even after adjusting for physical severity. Language disorders were not associated with falls. These cognitive signs should guide decisions on supervised walking.
• PTOTOther2024Screening cutoff values to identify the risk of falls after stroke: A scoping review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineFor people with chronic stroke living at home, a Berg Balance Scale score between 46.5 and 50.5 points best identifies fall risk. Other common tests like the Timed Up and Go and Falls Efficacy Scale have lower accuracy, so do not rely on them alone.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024The effects of rehabilitation potential on activities of daily living in patients with stroke in Taiwan: a prospective longitudinal study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineDaily living improved most before discharge, then flattened. Better swallowing, lower-limb strength and motivation, plus no incontinence or moderate cognitive impairment, were linked with higher daily living scores.
• PTRCT2024Efficacy of virtual reality on balance impairment in ataxic cerebral palsy children: randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineIn 64 children with ataxic cerebral palsy, adding Wii balance-board virtual reality games to physical therapy improved balance more than physical therapy alone. Scores rose and sway fell, but children also had the same exercise program.
• PTOTOther2024Home-based guidance training system with interactive visual feedback using kinect on stroke survivors with moderate to severe motor impairment.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter 800 min of therapist-guided home Kinect training, 12 moderate-to-severe stroke survivors improved Fugl-Meyer scores and joint range of motion, but Berg Balance Scale did not improve.
• PTOther2024A continuum of balance performance between children with developmental coordination disorder, spastic cerebral palsy, and typical development.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineChildren with DCD and CP scored lower on a balance test than typical-development peers, but profiles varied widely. DCD often fell between typical and CP, while some DCD and CP children looked alike in leaning and walking balance.
• PTOTCohort2024Brain-movement relationship during upper-limb functional movements in chronic post-stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients rely on trunk movement and show slower arm speed when reaching with the paretic arm. Their brain activity increases in both hemispheres during these tasks, reflecting compensatory effort rather than efficient motor control.
• PTCohort2024The effect of patients' socioeconomic status in rehabilitation centers on the efficiency and performance.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineFor-profit French rehabilitation centers showed better physical dependence and discharge outcomes than public centers. Patient clinical factors, staffing and socioeconomic status explained much of the gap, though some advantage remained.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Recommendations for long-term follow-up care of secondary health conditions in spinal cord injury/disorder: a systematic review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesNo existing guidelines cover all long-term health risks for spinal cord injury. Specialists should coordinate care to catch issues early, as missing follow-up visits triples mortality risk. Annual check-ups are recommended, though evidence for specific intervals remains limited.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2024Effects of virtual reality rehabilitation after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVirtual reality after spinal cord injury improved walking index and balance on some measures, but not lower-limb motor scores or daily living independence. Evidence is limited and mixed, so it may be an add-on, not a replacement.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Neurological assessment tool for screening infants during the first year after birth: The Brief-Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination.Developmental medicine and child neurologyA shortened neurological exam for infants detected cerebral palsy with high accuracy in a retrospective study. Scores below specific age-based cut-offs identified most infants who later developed CP, supporting its use as a quick screening tool to trigger full examination.
• PTOTCase-Control2024Dynamical network-based evaluation for neuromuscular dysfunction in stroke-induced hemiplegia during standing.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients show rigid, overly coupled muscle coordination during standing, especially without vision. This stiffness correlates with poor balance. The unaffected side compensates heavily, while the affected side's muscles contribute less, suggesting targeted training for the weak side may be needed.
• PTRCT2025Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of the Toolkit for Optimal Recovery After Concussion: A Live Video Program to Prevent Persistent Concussion Symptoms in Young Adults With Anxiety.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationBoth live video programs were feasible for young adults after concussion with anxiety. Scores improved in both groups, but the trial did not compare them, so it cannot show either program prevented persistent symptoms.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Comparison of synergy extrapolation and static optimization for estimating multiple unmeasured muscle activations during walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFor two post-stroke walkers, a new computer method estimated missing muscle activity more accurately than standard static optimization. It produced smoother, more realistic muscle force predictions, but this was a small technical validation, not a clinical trial.
• PTRCT2024Is lateral external perturbation training more beneficial for protective stepping responses than voluntary stepping training in stroke? A pilot randomized control study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSideways push training helped the non-paretic leg start recovery steps faster than voluntary step training, but neither training improved step characteristics with the paretic leg.
• PTCohort2024Use of primary health care services among children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren with cerebral palsy used general practitioner and urgent care services more often than children without cerebral palsy. The higher use was seen even when motor impairment was mild. Many visits were coded as general or unspecified conditions, so reasons for contact were unclear.
• PTOTCohort2024Rest the brain to learn new gait patterns after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors with mild impairment learned a new gait pattern more slowly than controls during practice. However, they gained more performance overnight while controls lost it. This suggests scheduling rest between sessions may help stroke patients consolidate motor learning.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024The effectiveness and costs of intensive stroke rehabilitation and improvements in patient pathway in Finland: a retrospective benchmarking controlled trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke pathway changes in Lahti and Päijät-Häme were linked to more patients discharged home, fewer institutionalized, shorter episodes and lower costs, but mortality did not improve.
• PTOTRCT2025Causal Mediation Analysis of Factors Influencing Physical Activity and Community Access Among People With Mild-to-Moderate Parkinson Disease.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationBaseline walking self-efficacy predicted increased physical activity, and walking capacity predicted broader community access. However, non-motor symptoms like back pain and cognitive flexibility did not mediate these relationships, suggesting direct behavioral and physical capacities drive outcomes more than indirect symptom pathways.
• PTOTSystematic Review2025Influences on the physical activity behaviour of inpatients after stroke outside of staff-led rehabilitation sessions: a systematic review.Clinical rehabilitationAfter stroke, inpatient activity outside therapy was influenced by staff time, usable ward spaces, family visitors, and rules about moving. Some supported activity; others kept patients inactive.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Validating the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Sets for Autism in a Sample of Australian School-Aged Children on the Spectrum.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregiver ratings matched autism core sets for attention and social tasks, but missed key facilitators like assets and motivation. Many ICF terms were unclear to parents, requiring simplified definitions before clinical use.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Evaluation of Visual Disturbances After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-A One-Year Follow-up Study.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationOne year after mild brain injury, visual symptoms like tired eyes and blurred vision improved for most patients. However, specific eye coordination problems, particularly with distance fusion and dynamic visual acuity, remained common, suggesting these deficits do not always resolve spontaneously.
• PTOTCohort2024Patient satisfaction with rehabilitation services following traumatic brain injury: a quality registry study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineBelief in recovery was the strongest predictor of satisfaction with TBI rehabilitation, increasing odds by 2.73 times. Longer wait times decreased satisfaction odds by 61% for outpatient clinics and 50% for primary care. Higher symptom burden predicted lower satisfaction with specialized outpatient care.
• PTRCT2024Efficacy observation of combined transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in 169 subacute stroke patients.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn subacute stroke, combined taVNS and tDCS before rehabilitation produced larger gains in walking, balance and daily function than either alone or control. All groups also received standard rehabilitation.
• PTOTCohort2024Epidemiological investigation of traumatic spinal cord injury caused by object strike in China: strategies for workplace safety improvement.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMost spinal cord injuries from object strikes happened to male manual labourers aged 30–44. They mostly had complete paraplegia, high complication rates, and long hospital stays. Work injury insurance coverage was low, leaving many to pay out-of-pocket.
• PTOTPilot2024Paired associative stimulation improves motor function in the upper extremity in chronic incomplete spinal cord injury: a corroborative study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineFive people with chronic cervical spinal cord injury completed a 16-session paired associative stimulation programme. Motor scores in the treated hand rose modestly but missed statistical significance, while the untreated hand showed a small significant gain. Individual responses varied widely.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Relationships Between Cognitive Impairments and Motor Learning After Stroke: A Scoping Review.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairCognitive deficits often limit motor learning after stroke, particularly with explicit tasks and movement-quality feedback. Patients with attention or memory issues may benefit more from implicit learning and result-focused feedback. Evidence is preliminary due to small studies and inconsistent testing methods.
• PTOTOther2025Discordance Between Balance Ability and Perception Is Associated With Falls in Parkinson's Disease: A Coordinated Analysis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPeople with Parkinson's who were under-confident in their balance, despite their actual ability, were more likely to be fallers. This discordance predicted falls better than balance tests or severity scores alone.
• PTOTRCT2025Does botulinum neurotoxin A make walking easier in children with cerebral palsy? A randomized clinical trial.Developmental medicine and child neurologyA single calf botulinum toxin injection did not make walking less effortful for children with cerebral palsy than saline. Walking capacity, daily activity, and child-reported gross motor performance did not improve more than placebo. Calf pain intensity decreased more at 12 weeks.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2024Examining the effectiveness of motor imagery combined with non-invasive brain stimulation for upper limb recovery in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCombining motor imagery with brain stimulation improved upper limb function and daily activities more than either alone in acute and subacute stroke patients. Benefits faded by four weeks after treatment ended, and the approach showed no advantage for chronic stroke survivors.
• PTOTPilot2024Therapeutic effects of powered exoskeletal robot-assisted gait training in inpatients in the early stage after stroke: a pilot case-controlled study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding six sessions of powered exoskeleton gait training to standard care did not significantly improve walking speed compared to standard care alone. However, a higher proportion of patients receiving the robot reached the clinically important improvement threshold for walking speed and daily activities.
• PTOTCohort2024Telerehabilitation using a 2-D planar arm rehabilitation robot for hemiparetic stroke: a feasibility study of clinic-to-home exergaming therapy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTwelve chronic stroke survivors used a home robot with carer supervision for 30 days. Adherence was high at 87.7% and no one dropped out due to injury. Arm function improved modestly, but half did not reach a clinically meaningful gain.
• PTOther2024Upper limb muscle strength and wheelchair-related abilities following an exoskeleton-assisted walking programme in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury: An exploratory study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineA 16-week exoskeleton walking programme did not improve upper-limb strength or most wheelchair performance and skill measures in 10 chronic SCI wheelchair users. Only self-selected 20-m speed increased by 14.5%.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Variables included in cerebral palsy registries globally: A scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyCerebral palsy registries worldwide collect very different variables. High-income registries focused on prenatal factors, while low- and middle-income registries focused more on maternal socioeconomic details and postnatal risks such as infection, jaundice, and head injury.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Relationship between characteristics of segmental phase angles and walking ability in patients with hemiplegia after stroke and traumatic brain injury in a convalescent rehabilitation ward.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationIn patients with hemiplegia, higher trunk phase angle at admission was associated with better walking ability at discharge, independent of paralysis severity and nutrition. Limb phase angles did not show this association.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Validation of the Arabic Version of Feeding Handicap Index for Children with Developmental Disabilities (A-FHI-C).Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with autism, cerebral palsy, or intellectual disability reported significantly more severe feeding problems on the new Arabic Feeding Handicap Index than parents of typically developing children. The questionnaire showed strong consistency and stability, making it a reliable tool for assessing feeding impacts in Arabic-speaking families.
• PTOTQualitative2025Perceptions of digitally supported home exercise for people with Parkinson's disease: A qualitative study.Clinical rehabilitationPeople with Parkinson's described digitally supported home exercise as both hopeful and burdensome: it let them actively resist disease, but unclear limits, self-doubt, home privacy, tech errors and mixed advice made adherence hard.
• PTOTRCT2024Accuracy deficits during robotic time-constrained reaching are related to altered prefrontal cortex activity in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with cerebral palsy had worse reaching accuracy, especially with their non-preferred arm. Contrary to expectations, their prefrontal cortex activity dropped under time pressure. Higher prefrontal activity was linked to better accuracy in the CP group, suggesting this brain area plays a role in compensating for motor deficits.
• PTOTRCT2024Effectiveness of unilateral lower-limb exoskeleton robot on balance and gait recovery and neuroplasticity in patients with subacute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn subacute stroke, 4 weeks of robot-assisted overground walking plus conventional rehab improved balance more than conventional rehab alone. Both groups improved, but the robot group had higher Berg balance scores and better affected-leg gait measures.
• PTPilot2024On the role of visual feedback and physiotherapist-patient interaction in robot-assisted gait training: an eye-tracking and HD-EEG study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationGame-based feedback held patients' gaze on the monitor 90% of the time, requiring little therapist talk. Chart and emoticon feedback led to more distraction, so therapists must speak up to keep patients focused.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Sub-acute stroke demonstrates altered beta oscillation and connectivity pattern in working memory.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients with poor motor recovery showed slower reaction times and lower working memory accuracy than healthy controls. Their brain scans lacked the normal beta rebound and frontal-parietal connectivity seen in patients with good recovery, linking these neural patterns to cognitive deficits.
• PTOTOther2025The Use of Extrinsic Performance Feedback and Reward to Enhance Upper Limb Motor Behavior and Recovery Post-Stroke: A Scoping Review.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairFeedback during upper-limb stroke practice may change movement speed, accuracy, learning, and compensation, but studies are too varied and small to tell therapists which feedback to use.