TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 55 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Telerehabilitation - Historical Perspectives and Conceptual Framework in Reference to Neurological Disorders: A Narrative Review.NeuroRehabilitationThis review maps the history of telerehabilitation for neurological disorders, noting it began with speech therapy and now includes video, apps, and sensors. It identifies barriers like poor digital literacy and limited physical exam options, but does not test whether these methods improve patient outcomes.
• PTOTCohort2024The Kinematics of 3D Arm Movements in Sub-Acute Stroke: Impaired Inter-Joint Coordination is Attributable to Both Weakness and Flexor Synergy Intrusion.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn sub-acute stroke, impaired arm coordination is driven by both weakness and flexor synergy intrusion. Weakness alone can lower Fugl-Meyer scores without synergy presence, meaning clinical scales may reflect distinct underlying deficits depending on the patient.
• PTOTRCT2024Feasibility of a home-based home videogaming intervention with a family-centered approach for children with cerebral palsy: a randomized multiple baseline single-case experimental design.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationEleven children improved on at least one chosen upper-limb daily activity after an 8-week home program that included videogame play, weekly monitoring calls and family goal setting. Only three of 13 met their weekly active playtime goal for six weeks.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Incidence and outcomes of pediatric patients with dual diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury and brain injury on an inpatient rehabilitation unit.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationPediatric patients with spinal cord injury and suspected brain injury showed no significant difference in functional recovery compared to those with spinal injury alone. However, agitation and attention problems appeared only in the suspected brain injury group, suggesting these symptoms may signal an undiagnosed concurrent condition.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025Centering the person in development of a model of care for people with Parkinson's disease: a qualitative study.Disability and rehabilitationPeople with Parkinson's and their care partners described feeling overwhelmed by fragmented care. They wanted a single coordinator to manage referrals, clear information on daily life and medications, and community groups to reduce isolation and stigma.
• PTOTSurvey2025Clinician perceptions of a novel wearable robotic hand orthosis for post-stroke hemiparesis.Disability and rehabilitationMost therapists said they would use this prototype hand device for both therapy and daily tasks. They preferred supervised clinical settings over home use and wanted setup to take under five minutes. This reflects their opinions on a video demonstration, not proven patient outcomes.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Socioeconomic factors in inflicted traumatic brain injury: Examining the area deprivation index.Rehabilitation psychologyIn children with inflicted brain injury, a neighborhood deprivation index did not predict death, intensive care stay, or follow-up visits. Hispanic/Latino children lived in more deprived neighborhoods. Older children were more likely to die, stay longer in intensive care, and have fewer visits.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024What factors at discharge predict physical activity and walking outcomes 6 months after stroke? A systematic review.Clinical rehabilitationPhysical capability at discharge predicts walking and activity outcomes up to six months after stroke, but explains only part of the result. Cognitive function and pre-stroke activity levels also contribute significantly. Clinicians should assess these factors to tailor discharge planning and anticipate needs for ongoing care.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2024Relationships between physical activities performed under free-living conditions and non-motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rehabilitationIn people with Parkinson's, more everyday physical activity was associated with better cognition and fewer anxiety, depression or apathy symptoms, but not with sleep, fatigue or pain. These are associations, not proof that activity improves symptoms.
• PTCohort2024Connecting Practice to Data: Implementation Strategies to Increase Collection of Core Outcome Measures in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationA quality improvement project increased the collection of core functional outcome measures for brain injury patients from 86.5% to 100% of admissions. This was achieved through staff training, environmental changes, and regular feedback. The improvement was sustained for up to four years.
• PTOther2024Mixed-Methods Analysis of Provider-Documented and Patient-Reported Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms Among Veterans With Neurogenic Bladder.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationVeterans with neurogenic bladder often reported urine color, cloudiness, sediment, or smell as UTI signs. Participants said fever drove provider diagnosis. Urine changes alone are not enough to diagnose UTI.
• PTOTCohort2024Learning-to-learn as a metacognitive correlate of functional outcomes after stroke: a cohort study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineStroke survivors who improved their motor learning speed during a brief computerized task achieved greater gains in daily independence. This link was strongest in younger participants. The association weakened with age, suggesting learning capacity may decline as a predictor of recovery in older adults.
• PTOTCohort2024Accuracy of Physiotherapist Predictions for Independent Walking After Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPhysiotherapists accurately predicted if stroke patients would walk independently by 26 weeks but were poor at predicting when. The TWIST tool was more accurate than clinicians for early recovery timeframes. Experience and confidence did not improve prediction accuracy.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Considerations for developing complex post-stroke upper limb behavioural interventions: An international qualitative study.Clinical rehabilitationExperts and stroke survivors agreed that upper limb recovery needs complex, personalised interventions where engagement, content, dose, and the therapist's skill interact. They warned against treating any single element in isolation, emphasizing that real-world participation matters as much as impairment scores.
• PTOTCohort2025Predictive utility of self-efficacy in early stroke rehabilitation.Topics in stroke rehabilitationIn 30 stroke patients, higher self-efficacy on admission predicted greater functional independence gains during inpatient rehab. This link held for the whole group but disappeared once age and stroke timing were considered. It only predicted recovery in those with moderate to severe arm weakness.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025A Directed Content Analysis for Greatest Problems Among People With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPeople with TBI identified financial management and relationship adjustments as their greatest recent problems. Unlike other groups, their top concerns were emotional and cognitive abilities rather than just participation barriers. This suggests care should prioritize addressing mood, family dynamics, and daily functioning challenges alongside physical rehabilitation.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024High-Frequency rTMS Broadly Ameliorates Working Memory and Cognitive Symptoms in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke patients receiving high-frequency rTMS over the left prefrontal cortex for two weeks showed significantly better working memory scores than those receiving sham stimulation. These improvements in memory, attention, and daily living tasks persisted for four weeks after treatment ended.
• PTOther2024Effects of ankle joint degree of freedom of knee-ankle-foot orthoses on loading patterns and triceps surae muscle activity on the paretic side in individuals with subacute severe hemiplegia: a retrospective study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationLetting a KAFO ankle bend up to 20 degrees increased front-to-back movement of foot pressure and outer calf activity in the second half of stance. Most foot loading and soleus measures did not change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Brain-Hand Function Relationships Based on Level of Grasp Function in Chronic Left-Hemisphere Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairHand function relates to different brain networks depending on severity. In severe grasp impairment, contralesional connectivity matters most. In moderate impairment, corticospinal tract integrity predicts function. In mild impairment, neither motor connectivity nor tract integrity correlated with hand function.
• PTCohort2024Disability Moderates Dual Task Walking Performance and Neural Efficiency in Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairOlder adults with more MS disability had higher prefrontal brain activity while walking alone and smaller increases when walking while reciting letters than those with lower disability. Both groups improved across repeated trials, but no rehabilitation was tested.
• PTOther2024Carry-Over Effect of Deep Cerebellar Stimulation-Mediated Motor Recovery in a Rodent Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn rats with traumatic brain injury, four weeks of deep cerebellar stimulation improved paw dexterity, paw use, and ladder coordination. Most gains persisted after stimulation stopped for two weeks. This is an animal study, not a human therapy.
• PTSystematic Review2024Simulating space walking: a systematic review on anti-gravity technology in neurorehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAnti-gravity treadmill training, sometimes combined with conventional physiotherapy, was reported to improve gait, balance, or endurance in some of 16 studies of stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral palsy, but evidence quality was low and no dose recommendation was possible.
• PTOTSurvey2025Predicting adherence to ankle-foot orthoses in people with stroke: An application of the Theory of Planned Behavior.Prosthetics and orthotics internationalStroke survivors who felt confident using their ankle-foot orthosis and held positive attitudes were significantly more likely to wear it as recommended. Social pressure from others did not predict adherence. Clinicians should focus on building patient confidence and ensuring a positive initial fitting experience.
• PTOTSLPPilot2024A new modular neuroprosthesis suitable for hybrid FES-robot applications and tailored assistance.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA new modular FES system worked in four people with stroke or spinal cord injury, but kinematic changes varied. Removing gastrocnemius stimulation improved dorsiflexion in one case. This is a device test, not proof of clinical benefit.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024The Minimal assessment Protocol for Cerebral Stroke 2020 (PMIC2020): a multicenter feasibility study in post-stroke inpatient rehabilitation.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineThe updated stroke assessment protocol took about 27 minutes at admission and 18 minutes at discharge. It was feasible in eight rehabilitation centers, with less than 10% dropouts. Severe disability predicted longer administration times, but most clinicians rated the tool as good or very good.
• PTRCT2024The dose effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave on plantar flexor spasticity of ankle in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationDoubling the shockwave dose improved walking time and daily function more than the standard dose, but it did not reduce muscle spasticity scores any further. Both groups received traditional rehabilitation alongside the shockwave treatment.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2025New-onset hydrocephalus in an adult with cerebral palsy: A case report and review of the literature.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineA 27-year-old woman with cerebral palsy developed new hydrocephalus, causing severe spasms and pain. An MRI revealed enlarged ventricles. Shunt surgery resolved her symptoms rapidly. This case suggests clinicians should investigate neurologic causes for new or worsening hypertonia in adults with cerebral palsy.
• PTOTRCT2025A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection for the treatment of upper limb spasticity in adults after stroke or traumatic brain injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationIn adults with upper limb spasticity after stroke or TBI, at Week 6 the highest DAXI dose lowered muscle tone more than placebo, but physician-rated overall improvement did not.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Long-term life expectancy in severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineSurvivors of severe traumatic brain injury face significantly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. The risk of death remains elevated for years, particularly for those with limited mobility or self-care abilities, though independent walking improves survival prospects.
• PTOTRCT2024Efficacy of a new video observational training method (intensive visual simulation) for motor recovery in the upper limb in subacute stroke: a feasibility and proof-of-concept study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineEarly intensive video feedback training did not significantly improve upper limb function compared to control at 6 weeks, but showed greater recovery at 3 and 4 months. Both groups improved similarly by 6 months, with no significant difference remaining.
• PTOTRCT2024Effects of high-definition tDCS targeting individual motor hotspot with EMG-driven robotic hand training on upper extremity motor function: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn this small pilot trial, adding personalized brain stimulation before robotic hand training led to greater improvements in arm motor function and reduced finger stiffness compared to robotic training alone. These benefits were still present six months later. The study was too small to confirm this works for everyone.
• PTOther2024Cross-step detection using center-of-pressure based algorithm for real-time applications.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA center-of-pressure treadmill algorithm detected 94% of cross-steps without lower-limb sensors in simulated real-time testing. It also detected all native gait events. This may help gait training research. It was not tested for patient outcomes.
• PTOTCase Report2024A confounding pediatric spinal cord injury: Anterior, central, or both?Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineA two-year-old with a cervical spinal cord injury recovered distal arm function before proximal strength. This atypical pattern, combined with conflicting imaging and clinical signs, makes standard adult prognostic models unreliable for predicting long-term recovery in young children.
• PTOTOther2024Evidence based clinical practice guideline for follow-up care in persons with spinal cord injury.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA new guideline recommends spinal cord injury follow-up care at 3, 6, and 12 months post-rehab, then annually. It urges checking for secondary conditions like pain, bladder issues, and mobility changes, though the evidence behind these schedules is currently low.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024The inertial-based gait normalcy index of dual task cost during turning quantifies gait automaticity improvement in early-stage Parkinson's rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA new turning-based dual-task index detected gait automaticity changes after 12 weeks of action observation training in early Parkinson's, while standard walking speed and dual-task cost measures showed no group difference. Balance and quality of life also improved more with training.
• PTCohort2024Is the Silfverskiöld Test a valid tool for evaluating calf muscles spastic overactivity in patients with stroke? A retrospective observational study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineThe Silfverskiöld Test did not accurately distinguish which calf muscles were causing spasticity in stroke patients. It failed to predict the results of selective nerve blocks, suggesting clinicians should not rely on this test alone to decide which muscles to treat.
• PTOTRCT2024Enhancing upper extremity muscle strength in individuals with spinal cord injury using low-intensity blood flow restriction exercise.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn ten people with spinal cord injury, low-intensity blood flow restriction exercise increased forearm strength by 7.5 kg over 8 weeks, compared to 4.4 kg with standard high-load training without blood flow restriction. Both groups improved, but the blood flow restriction side gained more.
• PTOTCase-Control2025Delayed Cortical Responses During Reactive Balance After Stroke Associated With Slower Kinetics and Clinical Balance Dysfunction.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke survivors showed delayed brain responses to balance loss, linked to poorer clinical balance. When forced to rely on the paretic leg, these delays correlated with slower corrective body movements. Loading the nonparetic leg masked these deficits, allowing normal-speed reactions.
• PTOTRCT2025IpsiHand Brain-Computer Interface Therapy Induces Broad Upper Extremity Motor Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairChronic stroke patients using a brain-computer interface hand device for 12 weeks improved upper limb movement by 8.1 points on the Fugl-Meyer scale. Gains occurred in both the shoulder and hand, exceeding the threshold for clinical benefit, with no adverse events reported.
• PTOTOther2024Gamified Practice Improves Paretic Arm Motor Behavior in Individuals With Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairTen days of gamified arm training improved movement speed and clinical scores in chronic stroke patients. The benefit held across ages and impairment levels, though the average score change was small. No control group means these gains could reflect natural recovery or practice effects.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Cognitive Performance is Associated With 1-Year Participation and Life Satisfaction Outcomes: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationPeople with brain injuries who improved their memory over the first year reported higher life satisfaction. Those who improved executive function participated more in social and community activities, but neither cognitive gain predicted returning to work or school.
• PTOTQualitative2024Exploring stroke survivors' and physiotherapists' perspectives of the potential for markerless motion capture technology in community rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors and physiotherapists see potential in markerless motion capture for home rehab but warn it suits only 10-20% of caseloads. Barriers include cost, digital access, and safety risks. It supplements rather than replaces therapist contact, especially for those with cognitive or perceptual impairments.
• PTOTPilot2024Enhancing stroke rehabilitation with whole-hand haptic rendering: development and clinical usability evaluation of a novel upper-limb rehabilitation device.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTherapists and stroke patients rated a new whole-hand haptic robot as easy to use and motivating. The main practical issue was that patients' fingers slipped out of the device fixation, which requires a design fix before this can be used reliably in daily therapy.
• PTOTQualitative2024Translation, extension, and evaluation of usability, usefulness, and safety of a fall prevention and management program for people living with spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis who use wheelchairs or scooters full time.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesParticipants reported no technical barriers to the online program and valued peer interaction. They described increased awareness of fall risks and modified tasks, but did not report improved participation in daily activities.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Unveiling the mosaic: comparing demographics and outcomes in traumatic vs. non-traumatic spinal cord injuries.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineTraumatic spinal cord injury patients start rehabilitation with much lower function than non-traumatic patients but end up with similar independence. The injury cause matters less than the patient's age, lesion level, and severity when predicting how well they will recover.
• PTOTCase Report2024Is There Room for Improvement? Stroke Rehabilitation Environments May Not Reflect Home Environments in Terms of Chair, Toilet, and Bed Heights.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationHome chairs and toilets are lower than hospital equipment, while bed heights are similar. Therapists should match chair and bed heights to the patient's actual home environment rather than relying on standard hospital settings for discharge planning.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Cerebellar tDCS combined with augmented reality treadmill for freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCerebellar tDCS added to augmented reality treadmill training did not improve clinical scores like freezing or balance compared to treadmill training alone. The brain stimulation only changed one lab measure of standing balance on the right leg, which did not translate to better walking or daily function.
• PTCohort2024Positive effects of lower extremity constraint-induced movement therapy on balance, leg strength and dual-task ability in stroke patients: a longitudinal cohort study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke patients improved balance, affected-leg strength, and dual-task walking after 10 days of intensive lower-limb constraint-induced therapy, with gains at 3 months. No control group was used, so these changes cannot be proven to come from the therapy.
• PTOTCase Report2024Exceptional improvement in chronic stroke through Guided Self-rehabilitation Contract: a case report study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA chronic stroke patient who received guided self-rehabilitation, botulinum toxin, functional electrical stimulation, workshops, and family support regained full spontaneous upper limb use. Because several components were combined, the contribution of guided self-rehabilitation alone cannot be separated.
• PTOTOther2024Chronic stroke survivors underestimate their upper limb motor ability in a simple 2D motor task.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn a simple reaching task, chronic stroke survivors were less confident about hitting targets with the more affected arm even when both arms reached targets equally often. Low confidence in that arm may not match what they can do.