TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 10 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOther2017POWER training in chronic stroke individuals: differences between responders and nonresponders.Topics in stroke rehabilitationSome people with chronic stroke improved walking speed after POWER training, while others improved leg power only. Baseline walking endurance and paretic power may help PTs identify likely responders.
• PTOTPilot2017Participation in physical activities for children with cerebral palsy: feasibility and effectiveness of physical activity on prescription.Archives of physiotherapyAll 11 children improved in their chosen physical activities, and families accepted the programme. Accelerometer activity did not rise for every child, and two children's total activity fell.
• PTOther2018The relationship between anterior pelvic tilt and gait, balance in patient with chronic stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 14 people with chronic stroke, greater forward pelvic tilt was linked to slower walking and shorter steps and strides. It was not linked to the balance tests measured. This is an association, not proof that correcting tilt changes gait.
• PTOther2018Reliability analysis of the Korean version of the trunk control measurement scale in cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 15 children with cerebral palsy, the Korean trunk control scale gave consistent scores on repeat testing and across four video raters, but some arm and trunk rotation items were less consistent.
• PTOTRCT2018A randomized controlled trial of a modified wheelchair arm-support to reduce shoulder pain in stroke patients.Clinical rehabilitationStroke patients who used a modified wheelchair arm-support in addition to positioning, passive therapy, Western and Chinese medicine and ordinary wheelchair care had lower pain scores at 12 weeks, but not at 4 weeks. The support was not tested alone.
• PTRCT2017Structural Connectivity Related to Persistent Symptoms After Mild TBI in Adolescents and Response to Aerobic Training: Preliminary Investigation.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationBrain network scans showed abnormal connectivity in adolescents with persistent post-concussion symptoms. After 6 to 8 weeks of aerobic training, global efficiency improved and correlated with symptom reduction, but there was no significant difference between the aerobic and stretching groups.
• PTOTSLPRCT2017Sertraline for Major Depression During the Year Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationSertraline did not improve depression scores more than placebo over 12 weeks after traumatic brain injury. Both groups got better. The only group difference was better information processing speed on a cognitive test for sertraline.
• PTOther2017Crouch gait can be an effective form of forced-use/no constraint exercise for the paretic lower limb in stroke.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationWalking with knees bent at 25 degrees forced the weak leg to produce much more power than during normal walking. However, it did not significantly improve the balance of effort between the two legs at the ankle or knee, only at the hip.
• PTRCT2017Robotic Resistance Treadmill Training Improves Locomotor Function in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationChildren receiving resistance treadmill training had larger gains in fast walking speed and six-minute walking distance than children receiving assistance. The study was small and assessors knew groups, so treat as preliminary.
• PTOTRCT2018Home-based neurologic music therapy for arm hemiparesis following stroke: results from a pilot, feasibility randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationHome-based music therapy was feasible to deliver, but it did not significantly improve arm function or dexterity in this small pilot. Patients found the sessions motivating and manageable, suggesting the method is practical, though larger trials are needed to prove effectiveness.
• PTRCT2017Effects of the Integration of Dynamic Weight Shifting Training Into Treadmill Training on Walking Function of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Study.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationBetween-group walking speed gains were not different, but treadmill training plus cable-driven leg and pelvis assistance gave a larger endurance gain than treadmill training alone. Within the robotic group, self-selected speed and endurance improved after training, but not at follow-up.
• PTOTRCT2018The efficacy of interactive, motion capture-based rehabilitation on functional outcomes in an inpatient stroke population: a randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationAdding motion capture-based exercises to usual physical therapy did not improve standing balance more than usual physical therapy alone in subacute stroke inpatients. Both groups improved balance and some function, but not walking speed.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2017Co-constructing engagement in stroke rehabilitation: a qualitative study exploring how practitioner engagement can influence patient engagement.Clinical rehabilitationPatients with communication disabilities perceived practitioner engagement through personalisation and persistence. Disengagement, often driven by practitioner powerlessness or stigma, led to reduced service access and patient isolation. Engagement was co-constructed, with practitioner attitudes directly influencing patient participation.
• PTCohort2017Patient Registry of Spasticity Care World: Data Analysis Based on Physician Experience.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationBotulinum toxin A treatment for spasticity after stroke or TBI varied by physician experience. More experienced physicians used larger lower-limb onaBoNTA doses, but tone and overall satisfaction were similar between groups.
• PTSystematic Review2017A Systematic Review of Comorbidity Measurement Methods for Patients With Nontraumatic Brain Injury in Inpatient Rehabilitation Settings.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationNo standard way to measure comorbidities in nontraumatic brain injury inpatient rehabilitation was found. Included studies used many different methods, and none showed which best predicts rehabilitation outcomes.
• PTOTCase Report2018Immediate effects of scapular stabilizing exercise in chronic stroke patient with winging and elevated scapula: a case study.Journal of physical therapy scienceA chronic stroke patient with winging and elevated scapula had reduced scapular distance and faster cup lifting after supervised scapular protraction and retraction. This is one person, not a pattern.
• PTRCT2018Treadmill training to improve mobility for people with sub-acute stroke: a phase II feasibility randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationAdding treadmill training to usual physiotherapy did not improve mobility more than usual physiotherapy alone, and the treadmill dose delivered was too low to know if effective.
• PTOTPilot2018Pre-therapy Neural State of Bilateral Motor and Premotor Cortices Predicts Therapy Gain After Subcortical Stroke: A Pilot Study.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationIn ten chronic stroke patients, brain chemical measures before therapy were linked to arm movement gains after four weeks of reach practice. Higher markers of brain activity in some areas matched better improvement.
• PTOTOther2017How Do Pain, Fatigue, Depressive, and Cognitive Symptoms Relate to Well-Being and Social and Physical Functioning in the Daily Lives of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis?Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationFor people with MS, bad pain days were linked with worse social participation and lower-extremity functioning. Depressed mood and fatigue days were linked with worse well-being. In the main models, perceived cognitive changes showed no same-day links.
• PTOther2017Pain, Fatigue, and Cognitive Symptoms Are Temporally Associated Within but Not Across Days in Multiple Sclerosis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn adults with MS, pain, fatigue, and self-reported thinking problems were linked from one rating to the next within the same day. Fatigue rose toward bedtime, but one day's symptoms did not predict a different symptom the next day. No treatment was tested.
• PTOTOther2018Modification of Spastic Stretch Reflexes at the Elbow by Flexion Synergy Expression in Individuals With Chronic Hemiparetic Stroke.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn stroke survivors, spastic stretch reflexes during functional arm lifting were no larger than reflexes seen in healthy people doing the same amount of voluntary muscle work. This suggests the involuntary coactivation itself, not spasticity, drives reaching deficits.
• PTRCT2018The role of movement errors in modifying spatiotemporal gait asymmetry post stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationNo gait training strategy beat the others. Augmenting errors, minimizing errors, and control treadmill walking produced similar step length asymmetry changes. Step length asymmetry improved over time in all groups, while stance time asymmetry did not.
• PTCase Report2018Mirror therapy for an adult with central post-stroke pain: a case report.Archives of physiotherapyAfter two weeks of mirror therapy, one adult with central post-stroke pain reported lower hand pain at rest and during grip, with relief still present one year later. This is a single case, not evidence that mirror therapy works.
• PTOTCase-Control2017Long-term impact of childhood selective dorsal rhizotomy on pain, fatigue, and function: a case-control study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildhood selective dorsal rhizotomy did not reduce adult pain or fatigue, but adults who had the surgery reported better overall motor function and needed fewer hours of daily assistance than those who did not.
• PTOther2018Plasma Leptin and Reduced FEV1 and FVC in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationIn chronic spinal cord injury, higher plasma leptin was linked to lower FEV1 and FVC, even after accounting for BMI and injury severity. Adiponectin showed no association.
• PTRCT2018Effects of Respiratory Training on Heart Rate Variability and Baroreflex Sensitivity in Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn 44 people with chronic spinal cord injury, 20 sessions of combined inspiratory and expiratory training improved breathing capacity and heart-rate reflex measures. Sitting blood pressure response did not show a clear change.
• PTPilot2018Exploring cued and non-cued motor imagery interventions in people with multiple sclerosis: a randomised feasibility trial and reliability study.Archives of physiotherapyHome-based motor imagery with weekly phone support was feasible and safe in 15 people with MS; preliminary walking, fatigue and quality-of-life changes occurred in all groups, but cannot show which group did better.
• PTOTRCT2017Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Severely Affected Arm-Hand Motor Function in Patients After an Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Control Trial.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationCathodal tDCS plus occupational therapy did not improve arm-hand function more than sham plus occupational therapy after severe acute stroke. The tDCS group gained 10 points on the 57-point arm-hand test versus 2 with sham, but 16 patients were too few.
• PTOTSystematic Review2017Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving capacity in activities and arm function after stroke: a network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCathodal tDCS improved activities of daily living in stroke patients, but no tDCS type improved arm function. Safety profiles were similar across all stimulation types and controls. Clinicians should not expect tDCS to restore arm movement based on this evidence.
• PTOTOther2017Lower Extremity Motor Impairments in Ambulatory Chronic Hemiparetic Stroke: Evidence for Lower Extremity Weakness and Abnormal Muscle and Joint Torque Coupling Patterns.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairParetic legs show preserved hip extension and adduction strength but weak abduction and flexion. During ankle push-off, the paretic leg involuntarily kicks the hip inward and extends the knee. This coupling may cause the body to collapse toward the affected side during balance challenges.
• PTCohort2017Comparison of the Mini-Balance Evaluations Systems Test with the Berg Balance Scale in relationship to walking speed and motor recovery post stroke.Topics in stroke rehabilitationThe Mini-BESTest separated slow from fast walkers better than the Berg Balance Scale in chronic stroke. A cut-off of 18.5 helped identify walkers at 0.8 m/s or faster.
• PTOther2017Reducing Circumduction and Hip Hiking During Hemiparetic Walking Through Targeted Assistance of the Paretic Limb Using a Soft Robotic Exosuit.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationWalking with a powered soft exosuit reduced paretic hip hiking by 27±6% and circumduction by 20±5% in eight people after stroke on a treadmill. This was an immediate effect, not proof of lasting benefit.
• PTOTSLPRCT2018Effect of mirror use on lower extremity muscle strength of patients with chronic stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceLower-limb strengthening increased knee muscle strength in all three groups of chronic stroke patients. Adding a mirror to the exercise did not produce significantly greater strength gains than exercising without one.
• PTRCT2018Pharmacogenomic Variability of Oral Baclofen Clearance and Clinical Response in Children With Cerebral Palsy.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationA rare ABCC9 variant was associated with faster weight-adjusted baclofen clearance in 49 children with cerebral palsy, but not unadjusted clearance. Response findings were limited by tiny carrier numbers, so this is not a dosing guide.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Relationship Between Gonadal Function and Cardiometabolic Risk in Young Men With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationYoung men with chronic spinal cord injury and low testosterone had higher body fat, worse cholesterol, and more insulin resistance than those with normal levels. This links hormone deficiency to cardiometabolic risk, but does not prove low testosterone causes it.
• PTPilot2018Immediate effects of a single session of robot-assisted gait training using Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) for cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 12 patients with cerebral palsy, one HAL gait session did not improve walking speed, stride length, or cadence immediately after. It increased single-leg support and stance-phase hip and knee extension angles, but walking during HAL was slower and shorter.
• PTCase Series2018Combining therapeutic approaches: rTMS and aerobic exercise in post-stroke depression: a case series.Topics in stroke rehabilitationThree people with post-stroke depression completed eight weeks of rTMS plus treadmill exercise. All had lower depression scores and longer walks, but balance and speed were mixed. There was no control group, and both treatments were given together, so this cannot show either one worked.
• PTOther2018The effects of upper and lower limb position on symmetry of vertical ground reaction force during sit-to-stand in chronic stroke subjects.Journal of physical therapy sciencePlacing the non-paretic leg on a step and clasping the hands improved weight-sharing symmetry during sit-to-stand in chronic stroke, but the non-paretic leg still carried more force.
• PTRCT2018Effect of bilateral lower limb strengthening exercise on balance and walking in hemiparetic patients after stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceTimed up and go and 10 meter walk times did not show a between-group difference. Bilateral lower limb strengthening plus passive range of motion improved balance more than unilateral paretic-side strengthening plus passive range of motion.
• PTOTOther2017Reorganization of finger coordination patterns through motor exploration in individuals after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors got faster at a cursor task and showed wider free finger movement after training, but the main finger pattern did not change more from the first to the last training session. There was no control group.
• PTOTCohort2018Long-Term Performance and User Satisfaction With Implanted Neuroprostheses for Upright Mobility After Paraplegia: 2- to 14-Year Follow-Up.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationAfter an average of six years at home, 22 people with spinal cord injury reported high satisfaction, most devices survived, and leg strength and transfers were maintained, but standing time and leg weight bearing decreased.
• PTOTQualitative2018Falls in people with multiple sclerosis: experiences of 115 fall situations.Clinical rehabilitationPeople with multiple sclerosis described falls as happening indoors during everyday tasks, often when MS symptoms fluctuated, fatigue or distraction reduced attention. Walking aids were often involved, sometimes used as usual but not enough support, and sometimes not used as intended.
• PTRCT2018The effects of whole body vibration combined computerized postural control training on the lower extremity muscle activity and cerebral cortex activity in stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceAdding whole body vibration to computerized postural training raised vastus lateralis muscle activity and a brain-wave measure at Cz more than aero-step or training alone in 30 stroke patients. No walking or function outcomes were tested.
• PTSLPCase Report2017Late diagnosis and atypical brain imaging of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome: are we failing to diagnose Aicardi-Goutières syndrome-2?Developmental medicine and child neurologyTwo siblings with severe spasticity were diagnosed with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome-2 despite normal CSF and atypical scans, so unexplained spastic cerebral palsy may need genetic review.
• PTOther2017Novel spatiotemporal analysis of gait changes in body weight supported treadmill trained rats following cervical spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn rats after cervical spinal cord injury, body-weight-supported treadmill training made the more impaired hindlimb look better only while support was on. When support was removed, trained rats stepped worse than untrained rats, and the less impaired hindlimb also worsened.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2018Depression and Depressive Symptoms in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationChildren with TBI report more depressive symptoms than peers, but rates vary widely and evidence does not confirm higher clinical depression diagnoses. Symptoms often persist beyond the acute phase, suggesting a need for ongoing mental health monitoring rather than assuming they resolve with physical recovery.
• PTPilot2018Effects of Fatigue on Balance in Individuals With Parkinson Disease: Influence of Medication and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTIn 27 people with Parkinson disease, treadmill fatigue did not produce measurable worsening of balance or gait. Medication state and BDNF genotype did not change that result. Timed Up and Go scores changed after testing.
• PTOTSurvey2018Understanding frames: A UK survey of parents and professionals regarding the use of standing frames for children with cerebral palsy.Child: care, health and developmentMost UK clinicians prescribe standing frames for children with cerebral palsy from experience, not guidance. Parents reported daily use was achieved by 18% and 30 to 60 minute use by 52%. Benefits were perceived, not proven; space, funding, discomfort and support needs limited use.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2018Disparities in Health Care Utilization of Adults With Traumatic Brain Injuries Are Related to Insurance, Race, and Ethnicity: A Systematic Review.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationLack of insurance consistently reduced use of hospital and rehabilitation services for adults with traumatic brain injury. Racial disparities in service use were inconsistent and often disappeared after adjusting for insurance status.
• PTOther2018Impaired set shifting is associated with previous falls in individuals with and without Parkinson's disease.Gait & posturePoorer set shifting on a simple paper test was linked to previous falls in 138 adults with and without Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's and freezing had stronger links, and the set-shifting link did not clearly differ by group.