TOPIC

Cardiopulmonary research

Everything we have read on cardiopulmonary. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,018 PAPERS · PAGE 12 OF 21 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPCase-Control2021Relation of sensory processing and stomatognical system of oral respiratory children.CoDASMouth-breathing children showed significantly more sensory processing dysfunction than nasal-breathing peers, especially in balance and movement. This may contribute to head movements and food escape during eating. Screen for sensory issues in mouth-breathers who struggle with mealtimes.
• PTSLPNarrative Review2021Cough in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesCough in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is common, distressing, and often underrecognized. No therapy has proven effective in trials. Refractory cough may be referred to cough clinics for speech therapy or physiotherapy, but evidence is limited.
• PTPilot2021Beneficial Effect of Water-Based Exercise Training on Exercise Capacity in COPD Patients-a Pilot Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesIn people with stable COPD, an 8-week water-based exercise program improved endurance walk time far more than the same land-based exercises. Inspiratory breathing muscle strength also increased more in the water group. Other measures did not differ between groups.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2021Countries Response for People With Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOf 193 UN member states, only 32 issued official government guidance for people with disabilities during the pandemic. Measures varied widely by region and disability type, with significant gaps in long-term rehabilitation care and employment protection.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Longitudinal Smartphone-Based Post-hospitalisation Symptom Monitoring in SARS-CoV-2 Associated Respiratory Failure: A Multi-Centre Observational Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMost hospitalised patients recovered steadily over three months, but those who had an ICU stay showed a distinct flare-up in symptoms and depression around one month after discharge. Clinicians should schedule a systematic assessment at that time to catch this deterioration.
• PTCohort2022A profile of adult patients with major burns admitted to a Level 1 Trauma Centre and their functional outcomes at discharge: A retrospective review.The South African journal of physiotherapyMost adult burn survivors in this private South African centre regained independent mobility by discharge, but joint stiffness and weak muscle strength persisted. No patient factors predicted who would remain dependent, so clinicians cannot assume severity scores alone will guide rehabilitation intensity.
• PTOTNarrative Review2021Exercise-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Review of Components, Prescription, Efficacy, and Safety.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesExercise-based pulmonary rehabilitation improves walking distance, symptoms, and quality of life in interstitial lung disease, but benefits often fade within six months. Most trials used 8 to 12 weeks of combined aerobic and strength training, with safety data rarely reported.
• PTOther2021Phenotyping Adopters of Mobile Applications Among Patients With COPD: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesCOPD patients who used mobile apps were younger and had higher walking capacity than non-users. Those using activity apps self-reported more activity, but objective data showed more sedentary time and no higher objectively measured activity.
• PTOTOther2021Evaluation of the Implementation of a Home-Based Exercise Training Program for People With COPD: A Mixed-Methods Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMost patients with COPD maintained home-based strength training for a year when coached. Stabilizing a routine within the first two months predicted long-term adherence. Patients valued physical exercise cards and home visits but found weekly goal-setting burdensome.
• PTRCT2021A Comparison of Physical Activity Between Home-Based and Centre-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Randomised Controlled Secondary Analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHome-based pulmonary rehab using a manual led to more daily steps and moderate activity than centre-based rehab at 7 weeks, but both groups returned to baseline activity by 6 months.
• PTOTSystematic Review2021Effectiveness of Self-Monitoring Approach Using Fitness Trackers to Improve Walking Ability in Rehabilitation Settings: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAdding fitness trackers to usual rehabilitation showed little to no improvement in walking ability across most conditions. Stable COPD patients saw a small increase in walking distance that was still below the threshold for clinical importance. Trackers alone are not a fix for gait deficits.
• PTOTSystematic Review2021What Is Intensity and How Can It Benefit Exercise Intervention in People With Stroke? A Rapid Review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHigh-intensity exercise appears safe for people with stroke, with no adverse events reported in the studies reviewed. However, there is no agreed definition of intensity, and most studies measured body changes rather than how much people could actually do in daily life.
• PTOTNarrative Review2021Klotho: An Emerging Factor With Ergogenic Potential.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesThis review links low Klotho protein levels to muscle weakness and poor physical function in aging and kidney disease. It suggests exercise may raise Klotho levels, but human evidence is observational. No therapy is proven to improve patient outcomes yet.
• PTCohort2022Evaluation of submaximal endurance in young children living with HIV.The South African journal of physiotherapyChildren living with HIV who started treatment early walked similar distances to uninfected peers on a six-minute test. However, boys with HIV had higher heart rates at rest and after exercise. Girls with HIV walked shorter distances if they were stunted or started treatment late.
• PTOther2022Validity of anaerobic threshold measured in resistance exercise.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn ten healthy young men, oxygen uptake stabilized within three minutes during leg-extension exercise at 80% of the anaerobic threshold. This confirms the method can identify a steady state, but the study was not done in patients with heart failure.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Comparison of respiratory function, physical function, and activities of daily living among community-dwelling patients with respiratory and non-respiratory disease.Journal of physical therapy sciencePatients with respiratory disease had significantly shorter maximum phonation times than those without, averaging 8.9 seconds versus 13.5 seconds. However, there were no differences in grip strength, chair stand performance, or daily living independence between the groups.
• PTOther2021Can COPD Exacerbations Be Picked Up Early via a Weekly Medication Question Through a Smartphone Application?Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA weekly medication question in a COPD smartphone app was answered 72% of the time and picked up 10 of 18 exacerbations among 27 patients who completed follow-up, but response was lower at 6 months.
• PTOTOther2021Are in Person and Telephone Interviews Equivalent Modes of Administrating the CAT, the FACIT-FS and the SGRQ in People With COPD?Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFor people with COPD, telephone administration of the CAT, FACIT-FS and SGRQ matched in-person scores. Clinicians can use these questionnaires remotely to monitor symptoms and quality of life without losing accuracy, though patient preference for face-to-face contact should still be respected.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2021Nutritional Status and Body Composition in Patients Suffering From Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Its Correlation With Pulmonary Rehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFor patients with COPD starting pulmonary rehab, normal BMI often hides low muscle mass. Assess body composition and hand-grip strength directly. Combine exercise with nutritional support for weight loss, but skip creatine and other supplements, which lack evidence.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2022High-Risk Preterm Infant Born to a Mother With COVID-19: A Case Report.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA preterm infant born to a mother with COVID-19 tested negative after birth and had age-appropriate motor skills, but language and self-care lagged. This describes one child's course, not evidence that any intervention worked.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Injury and Illness in Elite Athletics: A Prospective Cohort Study Over Three Seasons.International journal of sports physical therapyOveruse injuries caused half of all time loss in elite track and field athletes, with hamstring strains being the most frequent diagnosis. Illness accounted for 12% of time loss, and respiratory issues were the most common medical presentation.
• PTRCT2022Effect of breathing exercises on respiratory indices and anxiety level in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceAdding Buteyko breathing exercises to medication and counseling improved one lung function measure (FEV1/FVC ratio) after two months. Anxiety scores and other respiratory indices did not differ significantly between the breathing group and the control group receiving usual care alone.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Fatty Acids, Amphiregulin Production, and Lung Function in a Cohort of Midwestern Veterans.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHigher plasma levels of certain fatty acids linked to better lung function, while others linked to worse. Dietary intake showed few associations. These are observational links in veterans, not proof that eating specific fats improves breathing.
• PTCase Report2022Outcome of survivors of COVID-19 in the intermediate phase of recovery: A case report.The South African journal of physiotherapyTwo adults recovering from COVID-19 received supportive care, oxygen or CPAP, and physiotherapy packages including inspiratory muscle training, walking or cycling, resistance exercise, chest clearance and functional training. Their walk distance and breathing measures improved; one returned to work, one was considered fit for work.
• PTNarrative Review2022A health and lifestyle framework: An evidence-informed basis for contemporary physical therapist clinical practice guidelines with special reference to individuals with heart failure.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapyThis argumentative paper proposes that physical therapist guidelines for heart failure should integrate a broad lifestyle framework, not just exercise. It suggests PTs assess and educate on diet, sleep, and stress to reduce hospital readmissions, alongside standard activity prescriptions.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Embedding Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Home and Community Setting: A Rapid Review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHome and community pulmonary rehabilitation improved exercise capacity and quality of life for people with COPD, though often less than hospital-based programs. Home-based care offered flexibility and reduced travel burdens, while community settings provided social support.
• PTOther2022A Physiotherapy Treatment Plan for Post-COVID-19 Patients That Improves the FEV1, FVC, and 6-Min Walk Values, and Reduces the Sequelae in 12 Sessions.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAfter 12 physiotherapy sessions, 42 post-COVID patients reported fewer symptoms and had higher FEV1, FVC, 6-minute walk performance, and grip strength. The plan included many components, so no single exercise can be credited.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022A Sense of Being Needed: A Phenomenological Analysis of Hospital-Based Rehabilitation Professionals' Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Physical therapyHospital rehabilitation staff felt moral distress from isolation rules that blocked human connection. They coped by deliberately showing their faces, using their voices, and addressing patients by name. Managers should prioritize ethical dialogue and professional autonomy to support staff through future crises.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Immediate effects of stretching on trunk functions using a stretch pole half-cut.Journal of physical therapy scienceLying on a half-cut stretch pole placed under the middle back for four minutes significantly improved inspiratory muscle strength and altered spinal alignment in healthy men. No control group was used, so the immediate effect cannot be separated from time or expectation.
• PTOTPilot2022From Inception to Implementation: Strategies for Setting Up Pulmonary Telerehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA home-based video telerehabilitation kit cost 570€ per patient and was highly acceptable. COPD patients reported improved symptom burden and self-efficacy, but physical function outcomes were incomplete due to pandemic restrictions.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Risk factors for decline in gait speed during walking while talking in older adults.Gait & postureWalking speed while talking declined faster in older adults who were older, had poorer balance, or had faster single-task walking speeds. Poor balance was the strongest modifiable risk factor for this accelerated decline.
• PTOTPilot2022SAfety and Feasibility of EArly Resistance Training After Median Sternotomy: The SAFE-ARMS Study.Physical therapyTwelve participants with complete data performed supervised bilateral machine resistance training tested at 2, 8, and 14 weeks after sternotomy. No upper limb exercise exceeded 2.0 mm sternal micromotion, and no sternal pain increase was reported.
• PTRCT2022Effects of breathing re-education on endurance, strength of deep neck flexors and pulmonary function in patients with chronic neck pain: A randomised controlled trial.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdding eight weeks of supervised breathing re-education to standard physiotherapy improved neck flexor strength and lung capacity in patients with chronic neck pain. Endurance and other breathing measures did not differ between groups, but the added exercises helped restore strength and vital capacity.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Rehabilitation Research in Denmark Between 2001 and 2020: A Scoping Review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences1,779 Danish rehabilitation studies were mostly about musculoskeletal conditions, cancer, and cardiac disease. Few covered rheumatic disease, diabetes, or substance abuse, and hospitals contributed most work.
• PTQualitative2022How to Facilitate Adherence to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Primary Health Settings for Ischaemic Heart Disease Patients. The Perspectives of Health Professionals.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHealth professionals described five ways to facilitate cardiac rehabilitation adherence: individual adaptation, coherent referral messaging, shared nonclinical information, attention to family and work barriers, and group belonging. These are clinician views, not tested outcomes.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Why Do Patients With Ischaemic Heart Disease Drop Out From Cardiac Rehabilitation in Primary Health Settings. A Qualitative Audit of Patient Charts.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMost dropouts from cardiac rehabilitation cited preferring self-administered exercise or feeling no need for care. Logistical clashes with work and travel, plus fatigue and side effects, also drove exit. These are patient-reported reasons, not evidence that the programme fails.
• PTOther2022Injury and Illness Incidence in 2017 Super Rugby Tournament: A Surveillance Study on a Single South African Team.International journal of sports physical therapyIn one South African rugby team, 76.9% of players sustained at least one time-loss injury over 28 weeks. Match injuries occurred at 241 per 1000 player hours, far higher than training. Illness rates were low, with respiratory issues most common.
• PTCohort2022Medical complications in children with achondroplasia.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn 108 Australian children with achondroplasia, craniocervical stenosis, sleep-disordered breathing, and hearing impairment were common, often before age 4 years. Orthopaedic complications and obesity occurred later, but later childhood data were thinner.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Exercise engagement drives changes in cognition and cardiorespiratory fitness after 8 weeks of aerobic training in sedentary aging adults at risk of cognitive decline.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesEight weeks of aerobic exercise improved heart rate recovery in sedentary adults, but cognitive gains were small and inconsistent. Participants who stayed in their target heart rate zone for over 70% of the time saw better global cognition. Remote sessions had higher adherence than in-person ones.
• PTOTSurvey2022Factors related to self-care behaviors among hospitalized patients with heart failure in Japan, based on the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale.Journal of physical therapy scienceHeart failure patients with higher pre-hospital physical activity scores had worse self-care behaviors in managing symptoms. Younger patients also reported poorer overall self-care. Target education on when to seek help for active patients, and reinforce general self-care for younger adults.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Feeding practices in public hospitals' neonatal intensive care units: An exploration into the ways in which COVID-19 affected the best practice in Gauteng.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsIn two South African NICUs, lockdowns left staff overloaded, so nurses took over feeding, mothers were often absent, and caregiver training stopped.
• PTCohort2022Heart rate variability, exercise capacity and levels of daily physical activity in children and adolescents with mild-to-moderate cystic fibrosis.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoChildren and adolescents with mild-to-moderate cystic fibrosis who had abnormal heart rate variability showed worse lung function and lower exercise capacity. Resting heart rate variability may serve as a non-invasive marker to identify patients with greater physical impairment.
• PTCohort2022A retrospective study of physiotherapy management for patients with pneumonia requiring invasive ventilation in a single-center Australian ICU.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoMost ventilated pneumonia patients in one ICU received physiotherapy, mainly respiratory care. More episodes were seen with fewer ventilator-free days and longer ICU stay. The study did not test whether treatment improved outcomes.
• PTRCT2022Immediate effects of manual hyperinflation on cardiorespiratory function and sputum clearance in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients: A randomized crossover trial.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoManual hyperinflation before suctioning removed more secretions and improved lung compliance immediately compared to suctioning alone in ventilated children. The effect lasted less than 15 minutes. Vital signs remained stable, suggesting the technique is safe for short-term use in this group.
• PTOTCohort2022Factors that affect early postoperative health-related quality of life in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a three-center cohort study.Journal of physical therapy scienceFour weeks after gastrointestinal cancer surgery, most quality-of-life scores dropped, but mental health improved. Walking distance at four weeks and baseline vitality predicted physical function, while walking distance, income, and baseline general health predicted general health.
• PTOther2022Evolution of the thematic structure and main producers of physical therapy interventions research: A bibliometric analysis (1986 to 2017).Brazilian journal of physical therapyPhysical therapy research has shifted over thirty years. Topics like neurological rehabilitation and physical activity gained prominence, while others like health economics faded. The United States, UK, and Australia remain the most productive countries, though China and Brazil are rising fast.
• PTCohort2022Effects of exertional dyspnea on early mobilization of patients with acute decompensated heart failure.Journal of physical therapy sciencePatients with acute decompensated heart failure who reported worse breathlessness after a 10 m walk on day 3 took longer to complete mobilization. Day 3 breathlessness may help therapists plan early rehab intensity.
• PTPilot2022Effect of Test Interface on Respiratory Muscle Activity and Pulmonary Function During Respiratory Testing in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalIn 12 healthy adults, peak cough flow was higher with a facemask than a mouthpiece. Other lung measures varied too widely between interfaces to swap them during repeat testing.
• PTOther2022Maximal Respiratory Pressure Reference Values for Hopi Children Ages 4-13.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalExisting Navajo and Caucasian prediction equations did not match respiratory pressure values measured in Hopi children. The study derived Hopi-specific equations for respiratory muscle strength testing.
• PTQualitative2022Barriers and facilitators to implementation of early mobilisation of critically ill patients in Zimbabwean and South African public sector hospitals: a qualitative study.Disability and rehabilitationPhysiotherapists in Zimbabwean and South African ICUs identified 23 barriers to early mobilisation. Key obstacles included unclear team roles, low staff motivation due to pay, inconsistent referrals, and lack of equipment. Facilitators included dedicated staffing, awareness programmes, and clear protocols.