TOPIC

Cardiopulmonary research

Everything we have read on cardiopulmonary. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,018 PAPERS · PAGE 11 OF 21 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSystematic Review2021The Systemic Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training: A Systematic Review.International journal of sports physical therapyBlood flow restriction training improves strength and aerobic capacity with low loads, but dosing varies widely. It appears safe for healthy adults and some cardiac patients, though it increases perceived exertion and discomfort initially. Evidence for older adults and long-term systemic effects remains limited.
• PTOther2021Comparison of spinal column alignment and autonomic nervous activity using the intersegmental tenderness test in the segment above.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn healthy young men, tenderness on pressing the spine at Th5-9 was associated with lower spinal tilt angles and reduced heart rate variability. This suggests that segmental spinal tenderness may correlate with autonomic nervous system changes.
• PTOTSLPPilot2021Association between pulmonary oxygen uptake on-kinetics and acute cardiovascular responses to resistance exercise in patients with coronary artery disease: a preliminary study.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 7 low-risk heart disease patients, slower oxygen uptake kinetics predicted larger blood pressure spikes during light leg exercises. This metric worked better than standard fitness or heart function tests. The study is too small to change practice, but suggests oxygen kinetics may help gauge exercise safety.
• PTOTSLPPilot2021Inspiratory muscle training in children and adolescents living with neuromuscular diseases: A pre-experimental study.The South African journal of physiotherapyEight children with neuromuscular disease completed six weeks of inspiratory muscle training without adverse events. Inspiratory strength and flow improved. Lung volumes and cough ability did not change, and quality of life scores did not improve significantly.
• PTOTRCT2021Cardiometabolic Effects of High-Intensity Hybrid Functional Electrical Stimulation Exercise after Spinal Cord Injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationSix months of high-intensity FES rowing improved aerobic capacity in people with spinal cord injury but did not reduce the prevalence of cardiometabolic disease. BMI increased slightly, and only one participant met the recommended exercise frequency. This intervention alone did not change metabolic health outcomes.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022A Worksite Self-management Program for Workers with Chronic Health Conditions Improves Worker Engagement and Retention, but not Workplace Function.Journal of occupational rehabilitationWorkers with chronic conditions improved their sense of engagement and reduced thoughts of quitting after a group self-management program. However, the program did not improve their actual ability to perform job tasks or meet physical and time demands.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Cause of death trends among adults with and without cerebral palsy in the United States, 2013-2017.Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicineAdults with cerebral palsy die 24 years younger than peers. They are far more likely to die from respiratory causes and choking, but less likely to die from heart disease and cancer. Clinicians must monitor respiratory health and swallowing safety throughout adulthood.
• PTCohort2021Does gender affect the outcomes of patients in program of managed care for acute myocardial infarction.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAfter one year in a cardiac rehabilitation programme, women and men had similar rates of death, recurrent heart attack or heart-failure hospitalization: 11.38% vs 11.33%. Being female was not a significant risk factor.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022COVID-19 positivity rates, hospitalizations and mortality of adults with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario, Canada.Disability and health journalAdults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario were more likely to test positive for COVID-19 than other adults. Once infected, they were 2.21 times more likely to be hospitalized and 2.23 times more likely to die within 30 days. Risks were highest in younger adults.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2021Adaptations for rehabilitation services during the COVID-19 pandemic proposed by scientific organizations and rehabilitation professionals.Journal of rehabilitation medicineRehabilitation associations issued service adaptations prioritizing inpatient care for critical patients and shifting outpatient services to telerehabilitation. They mandated strict infection control, including PPE and screening, to prevent transmission while maintaining access for urgent and vulnerable populations.
• PTSystematic Review2021Assessing the usability of wearable devices to measure gait and physical activity in chronic conditions: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationYou cannot trust current data on whether patients find wearable gait devices usable. The studies reviewed measured and reported usability so inconsistently that no firm conclusions could be drawn about which devices patients actually accept or find helpful.
• PTOther2021Testing of a Self-administered 6-Minute Walk Test Using Technology: Usability, Reliability and Validity Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesHealthy young adults found the EasyMeasure app easy and acceptable, but none calculated the 6-minute walk distance correctly. They lost lap counts or misread scores, so this app version is not accurate enough for independent use.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Rehabilitation in Acute COVID-19 Patients: A Japanese Retrospective, Observational, Multi-Institutional Survey.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationMost mild and severe patients recovered walking and swallowing independently without rehabilitation. Critical patients had higher rates of persistent disability. Rehabilitation was provided to only 13% of patients, often delayed or suspended due to PPE shortages and staff concerns, though no therapists were infected.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Physical Impairment and Function in Children and Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationChildren and adolescents with sickle cell disease show widespread physical impairments, including reduced muscle strength, lower bone density, and decreased physical activity. Objective testing reveals deficits that self-report questionnaires may miss, suggesting clinicians should use direct measures to guide care.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022The Effect of physical therapy on impairments in COVID-19 patients from intensive care to home rehabilitation: A rapid review.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePhysical therapy improved breathing, walking distance, and anxiety in COVID-19 patients across hospital and home settings. However, most studies lacked control groups, so natural recovery cannot be ruled out as the cause of these gains.
• PTCohort2022Predictors of Outpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation Uptake, Adherence, Completion, and Treatment Response Among Male U.S. Veterans With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationCurrent smoking, alcohol use disorder history, and worse breathlessness were linked to lower pulmonary rehabilitation completion among 253 male veterans with COPD; cancer history was linked to higher completion. Logistical barriers were the most common reason for not attending.
• PTOTSurvey2021Self-scored impairments in functioning and disability in post-COVID syndrome following mild COVID-19 infection.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePeople with persistent symptoms after mild COVID-19 reported widespread, often severe problems. Tiredness with activity, low energy, and handling stress were the most common limits, with major restrictions in work, stairs, and social life.
• PTOTSystematic Review2021Effects of Telerehabilitation Interventions on Heart Failure Management (2015-2020): Scoping Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesTelerehabilitation for heart failure patients often improves quality of life and physical capacity compared to standard care. It also shows high adherence. However, evidence for reducing depression and anxiety is mixed, with some studies showing no significant benefit.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Critical Illness Polyneuropathy and Functional Outcome in Subjects with Covid-19: Report on Four Patients and a Scoping Review of the Literature.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMost critically ill COVID-19 patients with ICU-acquired weakness did not fully recover. In the reviewed literature, only 3 of 35 survivors regained full function. The 4 patients in this report had variable outcomes, with only one fully recovering at discharge.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Patient Outcomes and Lessons Learned From Treating Patients With Severe COVID-19 at a Long-term Acute Care Hospital: Single-Center Retrospective Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesPatients with severe COVID-19 admitted to a long-term acute care hospital improved in walking distance, independence, swallowing, voicing, and cognition during stay. They showed larger gains in walking and independence than a historical group. This was observational, not a tested intervention.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2022Traumatic Brain Injury and Early Onset Dementia in Post 9-11 Veterans.Brain injuryPost-9/11 Veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury had three times the odds of early-onset dementia compared to matched controls. The risk was nearly six times higher for frontotemporal dementia than for Alzheimer's, suggesting TBI may specifically drive FTD pathology.
• PTOTRCT2022The Effectiveness of Case-management Rehabilitation Intervention in Facilitating Return to Work and Maintenance of Employment After Myocardial Infarction: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical rehabilitationCase management by a social worker significantly improved return-to-work and job retention after heart attack. Patients receiving this coordinated care were more likely to keep their same job and remain employed two years later compared to standard cardiac rehabilitation alone.
• PTOther2022Inter-observer reliability of trained physiotherapists on the Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit Chilean-Spanish version.Physiotherapy theory and practiceTrained physiotherapists scoring the Chilean-Spanish FSS-ICU from video showed excellent agreement with expert reference scores. Disagreements between raters were small enough to fall within the scale's known margin for meaningful change, suggesting the tool is reliable for use in Spanish-speaking ICUs.
• PTOTPilot2022Comparison of the Impact of Conventional and Web-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Physical Activity in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Exploratory Feasibility Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesNeither web-based nor conventional pulmonary rehabilitation significantly increased daily step counts in people with COPD. The web-based group showed a non-significant 12% rise in steps, while the conventional group showed a non-significant trend toward longer activity bouts.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Concerns on healthcare access, utilization, and safety due to COVID-19 among American adults with vision loss.Disability and health journalMost adults with vision loss surveyed in early 2020 reported pandemic-related healthcare and safety concerns. Women, older adults, those with adult-onset vision loss, and people with additional disabilities were significantly more likely to report worries about accessing care, caregiver support, and safe interactions.
• PTCohort2021Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Does Body Mass Index Matter?Physical therapyPatients with obesity entered cardiac rehabilitation walking 952 fewer steps per day and sitting 28 minutes longer than normal-weight patients. During 12-week standard rehabilitation, all weight groups improved by similar amounts.
• PTRCT2021Ambulatory chest physiotherapy in mild-to-moderate acute bronchiolitis in children under two years of age - A randomized control trial.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoChildren with mild-to-moderate bronchiolitis who received eight sessions of modern chest physiotherapy had significantly better respiratory scores at day 15 than those who did not. The intervention group showed near-complete resolution of symptoms, with no reported side effects.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2021Identifying Concomitant Health Conditions in Individuals With Chronic Voice Problems.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice FoundationAdults reporting a swallowing problem were nearly twice as likely to have chronic voice issues. Those with physical activity limitations were 1.7 times as likely. Respiratory and hormonal problems showed no significant link. Consider earlier laryngoscopy referral for patients with these specific comorbidities.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2021Limiting potential COVID-19 contagion in squatting public toilets.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoMost Chinese public toilet users prefer squatting toilets but worry about water splash contamination. They strongly support installing foot-controlled covers to reduce spread of viruses like COVID-19, preferring foot operation over hand contact for hygiene.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Overground robotic training effects on walking and secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury: systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationOverground exoskeleton training in spinal cord injury reported walking-speed improvements in small, low-quality studies, but the evidence was too inconsistent to show it beats usual therapy. Skin lesions, falls and fractures occurred.
• PTRCT2022The effects of early rehabilitation on functional exercise tolerance in decompensated heart failure patients: Results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial (ERIC-HF study).Clinical rehabilitationHospitalized heart failure patients who did aerobic training walked 59 meters further at discharge than those receiving usual care. This improvement held up after accounting for age and other factors. The program was safe and feasible to run on regular cardiology wards.
• PTOther2022A novel push-pull central-lever mechanism reduces peak forces and energy-cost compared to hand-rim wheelchair propulsion during a controlled lab-based experiment.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter practice, in 30 able-bodied novices, a push-pull lever lowered peak push and pull forces and energy cost versus hand-rim propulsion, but efficiency, heart rate, and perceived exertion did not differ.
• PTOTCase-Control2021The study of respiratory muscles activation during respiratory muscle strength effort in adult females with chronic neck pain.Journal of physical therapy scienceWomen with chronic neck pain generated lower maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures than healthy controls. They recruited upper trapezius, anterior scalene, and intercostal muscles more heavily during breathing efforts, suggesting inefficient respiratory mechanics linked to cervical musculoskeletal changes.
• PTNarrative Review2022Immuno-modulation with lifestyle behaviour change to reduce SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 severity: goals consistent with contemporary physiotherapy practice.PhysiotherapyThis paper argues that physiotherapists should formally teach lifestyle behaviour change skills, such as diet and exercise advice, to help patients reduce chronic inflammation. It outlines a professional role and curriculum goals but reports no evidence that these interventions improved patient outcomes in this study.
• PTOther2021Unanticipated demand of Physiotherapist-Deployed Airway Clearance during the COVID-19 Surge 2020 a single centre report.PhysiotherapySixty-three of 97 analysed ventilated patients had moderate or greater sputum load on at least 5 days. 66% of physiotherapy sessions involved airway clearance, and 45% of those sessions needed two or more techniques.
• PTOTQualitative2021A human factors analysis of missed mobilisation after discharge from intensive care: a competition for care?PhysiotherapyWard therapy planning prioritised patients nearing discharge, so post-ICU mobilisation was delayed or less frequent. Staff shortages, equipment problems and patients unable to stand and step to a chair made sitting out less likely.
• PTOTRCT2022The effects of short bouts of ergometric exercise for severely burned children in intensive care: A randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationShort bouts of ergometric exercise in the burn ICU were safe and feasible but did not improve lean body mass, total weight, or walking distance compared to standard care alone. Both groups improved similarly. The study was small and underpowered, so a benefit cannot be ruled out.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Longitudinal Changes in the Sensorimotor Pathways of Very Preterm Infants During the First Year of Life With and Without Intervention: A Pilot Study.Developmental neurorehabilitationNon-sedated MRI scans in very preterm infants were feasible, with high retention and image quality. Brain white matter structure changed predictably over six months. Differences between intervention groups were inconsistent and could not determine if the therapy worked.
• PTSLPRCT2021Combined effect of pulmonary rehabilitation and music therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of physical therapy scienceAdding music therapy to pulmonary rehabilitation raised an airflow ratio from 52.84% to 64.94% and 6-minute walk distance from 233.05 m to 306.30 m; depression and anxiety scores did not change.
• PTRCT2022Cardiac telerehabilitation in a middle-income country: analysis of adherence, effectiveness and cost through a randomized clinical trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineHome cardiac rehab cost 44% less than center-based care. Adherence and health outcomes were similar between the two. But the study was too small to prove the slight adherence advantage for home care was real.
• PTOTSurvey2022Physical Health Conditions in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury Across 21 Countries Worldwide.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSecondary health problems are near-universal after spinal cord injury, affecting 95.8% of people. Pain, spasticity, sexual dysfunction, and bowel issues were most common. Sexual dysfunction was rated as the most severe problem but had the lowest treatment rate, with only 16.2% of those reporting extreme problems receiving care.
• PTOTOther2021The reliability of VO2 kinetics during a 6-minute walking test is influenced by walk speed.Journal of physical therapy scienceMeasuring oxygen uptake kinetics during a 6-minute walk test is more reliable when patients walk fast (6.0 km/h) than at a comfortable pace (4.5 km/h). The fast pace produced less variability, while the slow pace had wider limits of agreement.
• PTOTPilot2022Adjunctive Inspiratory Muscle Training During a Rehabilitation Program in Patients With Breast Cancer: An Exploratory Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAdding inspiratory muscle training to rehab for breast cancer survivors improved breathing muscle endurance and daily-life breathlessness versus sham. However, the primary measure of breathlessness during exercise showed no significant difference between groups.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation Improves Function Independent of Comorbidities in Medically Complex Patients.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMedically complex patients in acute inpatient rehabilitation improved function regardless of most comorbidities. Patients with higher functional gains or efficiency were significantly more likely to go home and less likely to return to acute care, suggesting comorbidity burden alone should not exclude patients from this level of care.
• PTCohort2022Early motor outcomes in infants with critical congenital heart disease are related to neonatal brain development and brain injury.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAfter neonatal heart surgery, smaller cortical grey matter and cerebellum volumes were linked to poorer fine motor scores, and white matter injury to lower gross motor scores. Stroke affecting motor pathways showed early abnormalities, but only five infants.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022The Utility and Acceptability of a New Noninvasive Ventilatory Assist Device, Rest-Activity Cycler-Positive Airways Pressure, During Exercise in a Population of Healthy Adults: Cohort Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesHealthy adults walked the same distance with or without a new portable breathing device, but reported feeling more breathless while using it. No adverse events occurred, and participants did not ask to stop. The device is feasible for testing in people with COPD but not yet proven beneficial.
• PTOther2022Lifting Techniques: Why Are We Not Using Evidence To Optimize Movement?International journal of sports physical therapyThere is no single safest lifting technique. The optimal choice depends on the patient's goal, such as conserving energy, building specific tissue, or managing pain, rather than defaulting to the squat.
• PTNarrative Review2022A Multi-Systems Approach to Human Movement after ACL Reconstruction: The Integumentary System.International journal of sports physical therapyNo finding to act on. This is a clinical commentary on skin and scar care after ACL reconstruction, not a study of outcomes.
• PTOther2022A Multi-Systems Approach to Human Movement after ACL Reconstruction: The Cardiopulmonary System.International journal of sports physical therapyThere is no trial result to report. This paper is a clinical commentary arguing that cardiopulmonary fitness declines after ACL reconstruction and should be assessed and trained alongside strength and movement. It offers expert recommendations, not tested interventions.
• PTOTCase-Control2022Tailored patient self-management and supervised, home-based, pulmonary rehabilitation for mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn mild-to-moderate COPD, a four-week home program with weekly physiotherapist visits improved breathing comfort, walking distance, and diaphragm movement compared to usual care. Gains in breathing comfort and walking distance held at two-month follow-up, though inspiratory muscle strength declined slightly.