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Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,466 PAPERS · PAGE 24 OF 50 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSLPQualitative2022"It's Like Stealing What Should be Theirs." An Exploration of the Experiences and Perspectives of Parents and Educational Practitioners on Hebrew-English Bilingualism for Jewish Autistic Children.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents and educators in Jewish schools rejected the idea that autistic children should be raised monolingual. They argued that excluding Hebrew causes social alienation and spiritual harm, and reported that autistic children often learn this second language successfully.
• OTSLPCohort2022Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents with Autism, ADHD and Co-occurring Autism and ADHD, During Passive and Active Experimental Conditions.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with ADHD showed signs of low arousal at rest, while those with autism showed high arousal during tasks. Those with both conditions displayed both patterns. Autonomic profiles did not match diagnostic labels alone, suggesting physiological differences cut across diagnoses.
• OTSLPOther2022Training Coaches in Community Agencies to Support Parents of Children with Suspected Autism: Outcomes, Facilitators, and Barriers.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChild-skills checklist scores rose after a package combining online modules, agency meetings, workshops, practice, peer pods, trainer support, technology support, reimbursements, and newsletters. Coaching skill scores varied.
• PTOTOther2022Reliability and validity of the East Asian children's version of mini-MACS in children with cerebral palsy.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesThe Chinese version of the Mini-MACS reliably classifies manual ability in children with cerebral palsy. Parents and therapists agreed closely, and the tool correlated with both the Nine-hole Peg Test and the Gross Motor Function Classification System.
• OTCase-Control2022Autism interest intensity in early childhood associates with executive functioning but not reward sensitivity or anxiety symptoms.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn young children, intense interests are linked to difficulty shifting attention, but not to reward sensitivity or anxiety. This association held for both autistic and non-autistic children, suggesting that executive function support may help manage interest-related interference regardless of diagnosis.
• PTOTPilot2023The Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey: Comparisons with Obesity and Physical Activity in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersTeens with autism in high-risk home environments weighed 11.1 kg more than those in low-risk homes. However, their measured physical activity levels were identical. This suggests the home environment score flags weight risk, not necessarily a lack of movement.
• OTSLPOther2023Brief Report: Above and Beyond Safety: Psychosocial and Biobehavioral Impact of Autism-Assistance Dogs on Autistic Children and their Families.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents in 11 families reported lower stress and better child behavior after adding a trained autism service dog to ongoing occupational, speech and language, physical, and applied behavioral analysis therapy, medications, or other treatments. No control group.
• PTOTCohort2023Prevalence and determinants of hip pain in non-ambulatory cerebral palsy children: a retrospective cohort study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineHip pain was reported in 8.9% of children with severe cerebral palsy, rising to 10.9% in those with GMFCS level V. Key independent predictors were older age, female sex, higher migration percentage, and lumbar scoliosis. Pain often resolved after treatment, suggesting a need for targeted assessment rather than assuming dislocation is the sole cause.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Patterns in reporting and participant inclusion related to race and ethnicity in autism intervention literature: Data from a large-scale systematic review of evidence-based practices.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceRace and ethnicity data were reported in only 25% of autism intervention studies, and participants were heavily White. Reporting has increased slowly over time, but minoritized groups remain significantly underrepresented in the evidence base.
• OTSLPOther2022Subtypes of Aggressive Behavior in Children with Autism in the Context of Emotion Recognition, Hostile Attribution Bias, and Dysfunctional Emotion Regulation.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParent-rated emotional lability predicted verbal and covert aggression, partly through hostile intent bias. It also predicted bullying directly. Physical aggression showed no significant links to these factors. Better emotion recognition unexpectedly associated with more hostile bias.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Gastrointestinal concerns in children with autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative study of family experiences.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceParents of children with autism and gut issues often cannot rely on verbal reports of pain. They instead watch for bodily signs like distension or non-verbal behaviors such as leg crossing, irritability, or aggression to detect distress.
• PTOTOther2023Normative reference values for Obstacles Test and Curb Test and their correlation with demographic characteristics: a cross-sectional study in Saudi children.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationResearchers established age and sex norms for two timed walking tests in Saudi children aged 6 to 11. Older children and boys completed the tests faster. Height and weight also correlated with speed, but body mass index did not. Prediction equations are provided to help judge if a child's performance falls outside typical range.
• OTQualitative2023Exploring the Experiences of Parents Whose Child has Received a Diagnosis of Autistic Spectrum Disorder in Adulthood.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of adults newly diagnosed with autism often felt relief and guilt. The diagnosis helped many reinterpret past behaviour, and some parents described closer relationships, but lack of post-diagnostic support left them frustrated and unsure how to help.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2023The Impact of School Strategies and the Home Environment on Home Learning Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Children With and Without Developmental Disorders.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with developmental disorders rated remote teaching methods as less effective and were less satisfied with school measures than parents of typically developing children. Teacher alignment and child motivation predicted better experiences, but teacher-led methods helped only typically developing children.
• OTSLPCohort2022A prospective study of associations between early fearfulness and perceptual sensitivity and later restricted and repetitive behaviours in infants with typical and elevated likelihood of autism.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn infants with and without a family history of autism, higher fearfulness and perceptual sensitivity at 24 months predicted more restricted and repetitive behaviours and social communication difficulties at 36 months. These early temperamental traits were not specific to repetitive behaviours alone.
• OTSystematic Review2023Occupational Therapy Interventions Using New Technologies in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMost studies using tech in OT for autism showed improvements in daily living and social skills, but many were small and lacked control groups. Two larger trials found no significant difference compared to standard care. Evidence is too weak to confirm efficacy.
• OTSLPCohort2023Characterizing Daily-Life Social Interactions in Adolescents and Young Adults with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Comparison Between Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents with autism or 22q11 deletion spend similar time alone as peers, but less with friends and more with family. Those with autism feel judged and lonely in company. Those with 22q11 enjoy interactions but prefer being alone, suggesting different therapy targets.
• PTOTSLPOther2022R2Play development: Fostering user-driven technology that supports return-to-play decision-making following pediatric concussion.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesClinicians rated the new R2Play return-to-play interface as easy to use, scoring 81% on a usability test. Five testers navigated the system without getting stuck, though some initially missed buttons. The tool is a prototype and not yet proven to help patients.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022A Longitudinal RCT of P-ESDM With and Without Parental Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction: Impact on Child Outcomes.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdding parental mindfulness training to early autism intervention did not improve child outcomes. Children in both groups showed similar decreases in autism severity and skill development, regardless of whether parents received the extra support sessions.
• OTQualitative2022Parent-Reported Strengths and Positive Qualities of Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Intellectual Disability.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents reported strengths for 97% of autistic and intellectually disabled adolescents and adults. Kindness and sociability were most common. Notably, 'work ethic' and 'motivation' emerged as distinct strengths, particularly in older participants, independent of IQ or verbal ability.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Service Delivery Models for the Management of Pediatric and Adolescent Concussion: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMost concussion studies measure provider habits or costs, not patient recovery. Specialists deliver active exercise and multidisciplinary care, while generalists often lack standardized tools. Telemedicine improves access for rural families but cannot replace in-person neurologic exams.
• PTOTOther2022Assessing Participation in Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy: Comparison of Life-Habits and USER-Participation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationThe Life-H and USER-Participation agree on how much adolescents with cerebral palsy do, but not on how satisfied they are. Use the USER-Participation for a quick overall picture and the Life-H when you need to find specific daily restrictions or sources of dissatisfaction.
• PTOTOther2022The Influence of Age at Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury and Years of Wheelchair Use on Shoulder Complex Joint Dynamics During Manual Wheelchair Propulsion.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationShoulder movement during wheelchair propulsion changes based on age at injury and years of use. Those injured younger showed specific motion patterns linked to impingement risk as they aged, but pain was not measured.
• OTSLPSurvey2023Anxiety and Worries of Individuals with Down Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Study in the UK.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers reported that children with Down syndrome had lower anxiety than those with other special needs, but anxiety still rose significantly during the pandemic. Children with Down syndrome worried less about boredom and finances, but more about social approach, compared to peers.
• OTSurvey2023Effect of Children's Autism Spectrum Disorder Severity on Family Strain and Sleep Quality: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey in the U.S.Journal of autism and developmental disordersHigher autism severity in children was linked to worse child sleep and greater caregiver strain. Child sleep problems played a small mediating role in caregiver strain. Caregiver sleep quality was driven mainly by household income, not directly by the child's autism severity.
• OTQualitative2022A case study of a strategic initiative in pediatric rehabilitation transition services: An insiders' perspective on team principles and practices.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesRespect, partnership, shared leadership, co-design, and solution-focused communication were described by eight team members as important in a pediatric rehabilitation transition service. It is an insider view of service development, not proof that these practices improve patient outcomes.
• PTOTOther2022Acceptability of wearable inertial sensors, completeness of data, and day-to-day variability of everyday life motor activities in children and adolescents with neuromotor impairments.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMost children with neuromotor impairments accepted wearing movement sensors for a week, though charging, showering, and slipping sensors caused missing days. A full week is needed for dependable estimates.
• PTOTSurvey2022Parent-report health-related quality of life in school-aged children with cerebral palsy: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesPortuguese parents of 68 school-aged children with cerebral palsy reported clinically low quality of life in physical well-being, mood and emotions, autonomy, and bullying compared with European norms. Mobility and cognitive impairment were linked to lower scores.
• OTSLPQualitative2022Clinician Perspectives on Telehealth Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of autism and developmental disordersClinicians reported telehealth worked well for interviews and clear-cut cases but lacked confidence in diagnosing subtle symptoms or older children via video. Home observations offered richer behavioral data, though technology barriers and interpreter difficulties remained significant challenges.
• OTRCT2023The prevalence of obesity and lifestyle behaviors of parents of youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities.Disability and health journalAbout 81% of parents of adolescents and young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities were overweight or obese, and many ate few fruits and vegetables. Higher fruit and vegetable intake was linked to lower BMI; reported activity was not.
• OTSLPCohort2023Social and Behavioural Outcomes of School Aged Autistic Children Who Received Community-Based Early Interventions.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAt school age, autistic children who had received group early intervention and standard community early intervention were largely similar. Both showed moderate to low adaptive behaviour and social skills; less play disruption was reported for the group intervention children.
• OTSLPQualitative2022Parental experiences of having a child with CLN3 disease (juvenile Batten disease) and how these experiences relate to family resilience.Child: care, health and developmentParents described recurring losses and family strain as their child's vision, speech, movement and behaviour declined. They also described resilience through meaning, shared memories, support groups and flexible routines.
• PTOTQualitative2022Wrist-Worn devices to encourage affected upper limb movement in unilateral cerebral palsy: Participatory design workshops.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesChildren with unilateral cerebral palsy and their therapists told researchers that wrist-worn devices must look like standard fitness trackers and be easy to fasten with one hand. School policies on phones and trackers were the biggest practical barrier to using them daily.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Rehabilitation after paediatric acquired brain injury: Longitudinal change in content and effect on recovery.Developmental medicine and child neurologyRehabilitation focus shifts significantly during admission. More active practice predicted faster daily activity recovery. However, teams often swapped emotional support for medical management when early recovery was slow, complicating any simple dose-response link.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Programmes to support paediatric to adult healthcare transitions for youth with complex care needs and their families: A scoping review.Child: care, health and development47 articles described programmes supporting paediatric-to-adult transition for youth with complex care needs, mostly without evaluation. Coordinators, early planning, family involvement and digital tools were common, but evidence of benefit was limited.
• OTSLPCohort2023Measuring Changes in Social Skills Throughout an Intervention Program for Children with ASD, Contributions from Polar Coordinate Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism showed fewer total social behaviors after a ten-session group program, but the quality of interactions improved. High-level interactions and positive nonverbal cues increased, while low-level functional requests decreased. The study lacked a control group, so changes cannot be definitively attributed to the intervention.
• OTSLPQualitative2023Caregiver Insights and Improvement Strategies for Youth with Autism Undergoing Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers rated endoscopy experiences highly but requested ASD-specific preparation guidance, mental health support, and reduced waiting times. They valued care teams that asked for their input on calming strategies and communicated directly with non-verbal children rather than just the parents.
• PTOTSLPOther2023Patterns of Special Education Eligibility and Age of First Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Identification Among US Children with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren identified only through school records were evaluated and diagnosed with autism over a year later than those seen in health settings. School evaluations for developmental delay often missed specific autism traits like restricted interests, potentially delaying access to specialized services.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Severity of Cerebral Palsy: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineUndernutrition affects half of children with cerebral palsy and worsens as motor and eating difficulties increase. Blood tests failed to identify nutritional status, so clinical assessment of eating ability and growth remains essential for screening.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2022Family-centred service in paediatric acquired brain injury rehabilitation: Bridging the gaps.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFamily-centred care is best practice in paediatric brain injury rehab, but implementation varies widely and lacks clear guidelines. Clinicians must actively partner with families, tailoring goals and communication to the child's development and the family's unique context.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Declining trends in birth prevalence and severity of singletons with cerebral palsy of prenatal or perinatal origin in Australia: A population-based observational study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyThe number of Australian singletons with cerebral palsy has dropped significantly. This decline was seen in all gestational age groups, but was most pronounced in very preterm and term babies. The proportion of children with bilateral spasticity decreased, while those with dyskinetic or hypotonic presentations increased.
• OTSLPSystematic Review2022Loneliness in autistic adults: A systematic review.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults described wanting connection but finding social interaction exhausting and isolating. Loneliness was not the same as being alone, so clinicians should not assume an autistic adult does not want contact.
• OTSLPRCT2022Parents' priorities and preferences for treatment of children with ADHD: Qualitative inquiry in the MADDY study.Child: care, health and developmentParents of children with ADHD described stress at home and school, worries about medication side effects, and barriers to finding treatments that fit their child. They wanted flexible options and providers who understood ADHD.
• OTSLPOther2022A Parent-Mediated Telehealth Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : Promoting Parents' Ability to Stimulate the Children's Learning, Reduce Parenting Stress, and Boost Their Sense of Parenting Empowerment.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn 23 of 27 families, parents showed less stress, more empowerment and better therapist-rated teaching skills after a 6-month program combining telehealth, coaching, video lessons and support groups. The study had no control group, and skill changes did not track stress or empowerment.
• OTSurvey2022The impact of COVID-19 on adolescent wellness in Chicago.Child: care, health and developmentOverall adolescent wellness scores did not significantly change from February to April 2020. Self-reported balance, learning, and time with friends were lower during the pandemic.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023Factors associated with the early emergence of atypical feeding behaviours in infants and young children: A scoping review.Child: care, health and developmentAssociations with feeding difficulties are inconsistent. Breastfeeding duration shows no clear protective effect. Introducing solids at or after 6 months and offering lumpy textures before 10 months may reduce pickiness. Parental anxiety and sensory sensitivity are linked to fussiness, but evidence quality varies.
• OTSLPOther2023Greater gender diversity among autistic children by self-report and parent-report.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic children self-reported more binary and nonbinary gender diversity than peers, but parents only reported more body incongruence. Parent and child reports did not correlate, meaning parents may miss the child's internal gender experience.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2023ASD Diagnosis and Treatment Experiences Among Mexican Heritage Families.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMexican heritage families described diagnosis pathways shaped by rural isolation, undocumented status, and provider hesitation. Many received intervention before formal diagnosis. Families reported needing to advocate strongly against service cancellations and structural barriers to access timely care.
• OTSLPSurvey2023Family Functioning and Emotional Aspects of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Southern Brazil.Journal of autism and developmental disordersFamilies of children with autism reported high stress, particularly about their child's future and the constant effort of care. Most felt unable to relax or maintain social lives. Communication difficulties and a lack of family cohesion were common. These findings describe family experiences, not treatment effects.
• OTSurvey2022Protective and risk activities for emotional and behavioural well-being of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown.Child: care, health and developmentIn lockdown, more social network time was linked to more emotional difficulties in children and fewer in adolescents. More solitary screen time was linked to more behavioural problems. Getting along with a parent was linked to fewer problems.