TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 29 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPCohort2022Is the Activity Measure for Postacute Care "6-Clicks" Tool Associated With Discharge Destination Postacute Stroke?Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn 721 people after ischemic stroke, higher mobility and daily-activity scores near discharge were associated with going home rather than a facility. The same scores did not distinguish inpatient rehab from skilled nursing.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Clarification of Factors Determining Discharge Destination Among Elderly Patients After Stroke With Low Levels of Independence in Activities of Daily Living: A Retrospective Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAmong stroke survivors with severe disability, those who could eat by mouth, had better cognitive scores, and lived with family were more likely to go home. Patients living alone all went to long-term care, regardless of their physical ability.
• PTOTPilot2022Pilot Study of a Fall Prevention and Management Intervention Program for People With Multiple Sclerosis Who Use a Wheelchair or Scooter Full-Time.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationFalls did not change in a way the study could show after a six-session group program for full-time wheelchair or scooter users with MS. Transfer quality, fall prevention strategies, and perceived importance of community participation improved.
• PTOTOther2022The Influence of Age at Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury and Years of Wheelchair Use on Shoulder Complex Joint Dynamics During Manual Wheelchair Propulsion.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationShoulder movement during wheelchair propulsion changes based on age at injury and years of use. Those injured younger showed specific motion patterns linked to impingement risk as they aged, but pain was not measured.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023The virtual family conference in stroke rehabilitation: Education, preparation, and transition planning.Clinical rehabilitationCarers reported significantly better stroke knowledge, satisfaction with information, and confidence in transition planning after virtual family conferences. Stress levels also improved in most areas. This was a pre-post study without a control group, so it shows feasibility and perceived benefit, not proof of effectiveness.
• PTOTOther2023Interpreting the CPASS Trial: Do Not Shift Motor Therapy to the Subacute Phase.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairDo not shift standard stroke rehabilitation to the subacute phase. The trial compared added therapy at different times, not moving care. Standard therapy was already concentrated early. Participants received an average of 27.9 hours of standard therapy in the first two months.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Returning to Work after Stroke: Associations with Cognitive Performance, Motivation, Perceived Working Ability and Barriers.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke survivors with higher cognitive scores, better self-perceived working ability, and fewer perceived barriers were more likely to return to work. Self-assessments predicted return-to-work at 12 months, while early cognitive screening predicted it at 6 months.
• OTPilot2023Feasibility of a combined intermittent theta-burst stimulation and video game-based dexterity training in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNine people with Parkinson’s disease completed all nine sessions of combined brain stimulation and video-game dexterity training without dropouts or reported adverse events related to the stimulation. They rated the devices usable and reported high engagement. This pilot did not test whether dexterity improved.
• PTOTQualitative2022Wrist-Worn devices to encourage affected upper limb movement in unilateral cerebral palsy: Participatory design workshops.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesChildren with unilateral cerebral palsy and their therapists told researchers that wrist-worn devices must look like standard fitness trackers and be easy to fasten with one hand. School policies on phones and trackers were the biggest practical barrier to using them daily.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Rehabilitation after paediatric acquired brain injury: Longitudinal change in content and effect on recovery.Developmental medicine and child neurologyRehabilitation focus shifts significantly during admission. More active practice predicted faster daily activity recovery. However, teams often swapped emotional support for medical management when early recovery was slow, complicating any simple dose-response link.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2023Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on motor function after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNon-invasive brain stimulation improved lower-limb strength and balance in people with spinal cord injury, but did not improve walking speed, endurance, or upper-limb function. Most participants received concurrent rehabilitation, so the specific contribution of the brain stimulation remains unclear.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2023Stroke Rehabilitation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Challenges and Opportunities.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationStroke rehabilitation in low- and middle-income countries is severely under-resourced, with few therapists and high patient costs. Current guidelines often fail because they are not adapted to local realities. Effective solutions require community-based care, task-shifting to caregivers, and tele-rehabilitation.
• OTCohort2023Baseline Function and Rehabilitation Are as Important as Stroke Severity as Long-term Predictors of Cognitive Performance Post-stroke.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAfter minor stroke, cognition often improved over 12 months, but verbal memory stayed low and recovery varied by domain. Pre-stroke function and rehabilitation were linked to later improvement, not stroke severity alone.
• PTOTCohort2023Effects of dynamic body weight support on functional independence measures in acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPatients with acute stroke who used dynamic body weight support during therapy gained more functional independence than those receiving standard care. The average gain was 7.8 points higher on the 18 to 126 point FIM scale. This small retrospective study suggests a potential benefit but requires confirmation.
• PTOTSLPOther2023A Learning Health System Infrastructure for Precision Rehabilitation After Stroke.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationThis paper describes building a database to track stroke recovery, not testing a treatment. It details how clinicians can enter data consistently, such as labeling fields to prevent mixing up time and speed. It offers no findings on patient outcomes or intervention efficacy.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in Individuals With Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationDepression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts in people with chronic traumatic brain injury did not increase during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with before it. Symptoms remained stable, though disability and substance use consistently predicted higher distress.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2022Family-centred service in paediatric acquired brain injury rehabilitation: Bridging the gaps.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFamily-centred care is best practice in paediatric brain injury rehab, but implementation varies widely and lacks clear guidelines. Clinicians must actively partner with families, tailoring goals and communication to the child's development and the family's unique context.
• PTOTSurvey2023Diet, Physical Activity, and Stress Among Wheelchair Users With Multiple Sclerosis: Examining Individual and Co-Occurring Behavioral Risk Factors.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationWheelchair users with MS who had two or three behavioral risk factors reported worse depression, anxiety, sleep quality, and health-related quality of life than those with zero or one. Insufficient physical activity was the most common single risk factor, present alone in 28% of participants.
• PTOTOther2023Exaggerated pressor response to static squats in Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy subjects is likely an individual trait, not influenced by whole body vibration (WBV).NeuroRehabilitationWhole body vibration did not increase blood pressure during squats in people with Parkinson's. The rise in blood pressure was an individual trait, ranging from 10 mmHg in some to 50 mmHg in others, regardless of the vibration.
• PTOTOther2023Exploring high-density corticomuscular networks after stroke to enable a hybrid Brain-Computer Interface for hand motor rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients showed weaker brain-muscle coupling and more abnormal muscle recruitment during hand movement attempts than healthy controls. These network features correlated with clinical impairment scores, offering a way to measure motor deficits for guiding future hybrid brain-computer interface therapy design.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023Effect of mobile application types on stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMobile apps showed inconsistent benefits across stroke outcomes. Therapy apps improved motor paresis and aphasia in small studies, and rehab videos helped exercise adherence. However, neglect, daily living independence, quality of life, and depression showed no clear benefit or mixed results.
• PTOTCohort2023Cost-effectiveness analysis of overground robotic training versus conventional locomotor training in people with spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationConventional training was more cost-effective for incomplete SCI, while robotic training showed better value for complete SCI. Robotic training had higher costs and therapy minutes. The study did not measure walking ability, only quality-of-life gains and costs.
• OTSystematic Review2022Methods to evaluate driving competence for people with acquired brain injury (ABI): A systematic review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesNo single clinical test predicts safe driving after brain injury. Cognitive screens help decide who needs an on-road test, but cannot replace it. On-road assessment remains the standard, though scoring varies and simulator evidence is weak.
• OTCohort2022Effectiveness of active occupational therapy in patients with acute stroke: A propensity score-weighted retrospective study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesIn acute stroke, occupational therapy time exceeding physical therapy time was linked with better function and shorter stay, but speech therapy time also differed, so separate contributions are unclear. Discharge home was not different. Severe daily function limits, aphasia, gaze or neglect appeared more responsive.
• PTOTOther2023The Berlin Bimanual Test for Tetraplegia (BeBiTT): development, psychometric properties, and sensitivity to change in assistive hand exoskeleton application.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA 9-item bimanual hand test for tetraplegia was feasible, safe, and scored consistently by raters. Scores lined up with self-care and function questionnaires. With a one-hand exoskeleton, average total scores improved in the 10 participants tested, but manipulation did not.
• PTOTOther2023Speed-dependent biomechanical changes vary across individual gait metrics post-stroke relative to neurotypical adults.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWalking faster improves some stroke gait mechanics but worsens others relative to neurotypical adults. For many patients, fast walking alone does not make their overall gait pattern look like a typical walker's, suggesting speed training needs to be paired with other techniques to fix specific movement faults.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Visual Problems are Associated with Long-Term Fatigue after Stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke survivors with pronounced visual problems were significantly more likely to report severe fatigue years after their stroke. This association held even after adjusting for mood and energy levels. Clinicians should screen for visual deficits in fatigued patients, as treating vision issues may help reduce fatigue burden.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Longitudinal Trends in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Inpatient Rehabilitation.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationFewer of the most severely disabled traumatic brain injury patients entered inpatient rehabilitation, and their stays shortened. Patients were older, and payer mix shifted toward Medicare.
• OTCohort2023Correlates of participation six months after stroke in an Italian population: results from the RIPS (Post-Stroke Intensive Rehabilitation) Study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineParticipation fell sharply after stroke; better scores were linked to milder stroke, greater daily independence, no cognitive impairment, and higher pre-stroke activity.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Trajectories of Executive Functions After Early Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury: Teacher Ratings in the Initial 81 Months Postinjury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationTeacher ratings showed two groups: 65% stayed in the normal range, while 35% had executive function concerns that worsened over time. Children in the struggling group were more likely to have had a brain injury, lower socio-economic status, and authoritarian parenting.
• PTOTCohort2023Rest-Activity Rhythm Characteristics Associated With Depression Symptoms in Stroke Survivors.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStroke survivors with more fragmented 24-hour activity patterns had higher odds of depression symptoms. This association held across two distinct samples. The link was strongest for clinically significant depression rather than mild symptoms.
• PTOTCase Report2023Training of isometric force tracking to improve motor control of the wrist after incomplete spinal cord injury: a case study.Physiotherapy theory and practiceOne man with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury improved his ability to track a visual force target with his wrist, reaching error levels similar to healthy adults. He gained wrist control without increasing maximum force, and reported better daily wrist stability.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Societal Participation of People With Traumatic Brain Injury Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A NIDILRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPeople with traumatic brain injury reported significantly less community involvement during the pandemic compared to before. However, their levels of productivity and social relations remained stable. Pre-existing factors like disability severity and income continued to predict participation outcomes similarly in both periods.
• OTCohort2022Relationship Between Neighborhood Disadvantage and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Symptoms.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAdults with mild TBI who lived in more disadvantaged neighborhoods reported more symptoms over six months, even after accounting for demographics, household income, insurance, and injury factors. The difference was largest in the highest disadvantage group.
• PTOTPilot2023Examining the role of intrinsic and reflexive contributions to ankle joint hyper-resistance treated with botulinum toxin-A.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn nine people with ankle spasticity, the clinical Modified Ashworth Scale showed a significant drop in resistance six weeks after botulinum toxin injections. However, precise instrumented measures of reflex and tissue stiffness failed to confirm this group-wide effect, leaving the specific mechanism of action unclear.
• PTOTOther2023Loaded and unloaded timed stair tests as tools for assessing advanced functional mobility in people with stroke.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineThe Timed Stair Test reliably measures advanced mobility in stroke survivors. Walking with a 5% body-weight vest took 45 seconds on average, compared to 17 seconds for healthy adults. A completion time over 26 seconds strongly indicates stroke-related mobility limitations.
• PTOTOther2023Altered biomechanical strategies of the paretic hip and knee joints during a step-up task.Topics in stroke rehabilitationPeople with chronic stroke use inefficient strategies when stepping up. The affected leg bends less at the hip and knee, forcing the pelvis to hike higher. This leg also generates less power at the knee, shifting the load to the hip.
• PTOTOther2022Split-Belt Adaptation and Savings in People With Parkinson Disease.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTMost people with Parkinson disease adapted to split-belt walking and showed savings, meaning they re-learned the pattern faster the second time. However, individual responses varied widely. Two participants showed almost no adaptation, suggesting a one-size-fits-all approach to gait training is ineffective.
• PTOTCohort2022Asymmetry in sleep spindles and motor outcome in infants with unilateral brain injury.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn infants with unilateral brain injury, asymmetry in sleep spindles on EEG predicted later unilateral cerebral palsy with 95% accuracy. This retrospective study of 40 infants suggests EEG could help identify high-risk babies, but the small sample and lack of comparison to standard assessments limit current clinical use.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Factors influencing sustainable employment of persons with acquired brain injury (ABI) or spinal cord injury (SCI): A qualitative study evaluating the perspective of health and work professionals.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesProfessionals identified gaps in long-term employment support for brain and spinal cord injury. They reported that vocational services often end once initial integration is complete, leaving workers and employers without help when health declines or workplace changes occur. Early, coordinated intervention and ongoing access to a contact person were deemed critical for sustaining employment. Knowledge of long-term support resources was limited among many professionals, creating a risk of unsupported job loss years after rehabilitation.
• PTOTRCT2023Cerebral Theta-Burst Stimulation Combined with Physiotherapy in Patients with Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineNine weeks of cerebral theta-burst stimulation added to standard physiotherapy improved lower limb muscle strength, walking speed, stride length, and daily living ability in 38 patients with incomplete spinal cord injury more than sham stimulation.
• PTOTSurvey2023Using Self-Regulation Assessment to Explore Associations between Self-Regulation, Participation and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Rehabilitation Population.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSelf-regulation scores linked to how satisfied patients felt with their life and mental health, but not to how much they actually participated or their physical health. Trust in one's own abilities was the strongest predictor of this satisfaction.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2023Early Opportunities to Explore Occupational Identity Change: Qualitative Study of Return-To-Work Experiences After Stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke survivors described needing early, low-pressure opportunities to practise work skills and talk with employers. They valued services that anticipated their needs and offered continuous support, rather than waiting for them to ask for help.
• PTOTCohort2023Improvement in the Capacity for Activity Versus Improvement in Performance of Activity in Daily Life During Outpatient Rehabilitation.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTIn outpatient neurorehabilitation, 59% of patients improved their clinical test scores but showed no improvement in daily life activity. This gap existed for both stroke and Parkinson disease, and was larger for walking than for upper limb function.
• PTOTPilot2023Robotic locomotor training for spasticity, pain, and quality of life in individuals with chronic SCI: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesNeither robotic walking nor conventional activity-based training reduced spasticity. Both groups reported increased pain interference but improved quality of life. This pilot suggests exercise benefits well-being despite pain, but does not prove either method reduces spasticity.
• PTOTQualitative2023Implementing functional electrical stimulation clinical practice guidelines to support mobility: A stakeholder consultation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesClinicians reported that functional electrical stimulation guidelines are often too vague to guide practice. They cited inconsistent access, lack of confidence, and poor post-training support as key barriers. A tiered training model with ongoing peer support was identified as essential for successful implementation.
• PTOTCohort2023Stroke Lesion Volume and Injury to Motor Cortex Output Determines Extent of Contralesional Motor Cortex Reorganization.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 35 people with subacute stroke, no single corticospinal tract measure was related to contralesional motor cortex reorganization overall. In participants with no measurable motor output, larger stroke volume was linked to more reorganization, and hand function was worse with more damage.
• PTOTCohort2023Predicting later categories of upper limb activity from earlier clinical assessments following stroke: an exploratory analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationEarly arm strength and function scores best predicted later daily arm use categories in people with stroke. However, models were poor at accurately predicting these categories for new patients, with high error rates suggesting many other factors are involved.
• PTOTSystematic Review2023Literature review of stroke assessment for upper-extremity physical function via EEG, EMG, kinematic, and kinetic measurements and their reliability.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobotic sensors can measure upper-limb movement more precisely than clinical scales, but they are not yet ready for routine use. Biomechanical data is reliable, while brain and muscle signals lack consistent reliability data for stroke patients.
• PTOTRCT2023Effects of bihemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation on motor recovery in subacute stroke patients: a double-blind, randomized sham-controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding bihemispheric tDCS to task-oriented training helped subacute stroke patients recover upper limb function better than sham. This benefit persisted at three months and appeared even in patients with severe damage to the motor pathways.