TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 27 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPOther2022Latent Neuropsychological Profiles to Discriminate Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Active-Duty Service Members.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationStatistical clustering of symptoms and test scores separated service members into five profiles, but diagnostic labels like mild TBI or PTSD did not map cleanly to them. Many with mild TBI plus PTSD showed normal functioning, while others had combined deficits.
• PTOTSurvey2022Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity and Associated Technology Use in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: An International RIMS-SIG Mobility Survey Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPhysical activity dropped significantly in people with MS during the pandemic, driven by lost access to gyms and pools. Walking increased and remained the top choice. Most people disliked purely remote care, preferring in-person or hybrid support once restrictions lifted.
• PTOTPilot2022Art skill-based rehabilitation training for upper limb sensorimotor recovery post-stroke: A feasibility study.Clinical rehabilitationStroke patients in inpatient rehab completed high-intensity drawing tasks delivered by trained non-clinicians. Participants with severe arm weakness and cognitive impairment tolerated the program well, with 93% satisfaction and no new adverse events. This suggests art-based training is feasible as an adjunct to standard care.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2023Physical activity and perceived barriers in individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationMiddle-aged and older adults with traumatic brain injury were less likely to meet physical activity guidelines than younger adults, yet more often reported no barriers. Younger adults cited fatigue, time constraints, and gym discomfort more frequently.
• PTOTOther2022Multimodal Ambulatory Monitoring of Daily Activity and Health-Related Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Survivors of Stroke: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Validity.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn 40 community-dwelling mild stroke survivors, 7 days of smartphone prompts plus a thigh accelerometer were feasible, acceptable, and appeared to track activity and symptoms. It is not proof that any treatment works.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Associations of Preexisting Vascular Risk Factors With Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationSmoking before head injury predicted worse function and more symptoms at six months. High blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol showed weaker or no links. Patients with any vascular risk factor were less likely to return to baseline function by six months than those with none.
• PTOTOther2022Using Implementation Science to Guide the Process of Adapting a Patient Engagement Intervention for Inpatient Spinal Cord Injury/Disorder Rehabilitation.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationClinicians and a patient advocate adapted an engagement intervention for spinal cord injury rehab. They changed goal-setting cards and trackers to fit therapy sessions but kept core principles like letting the patient choose goals.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2022Internet-Based Information Sharing With Families of Patients With Stroke in a Rehabilitation Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case-Control Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesStroke patients whose families received video updates on rehabilitation progress improved more in daily living activities than matched controls. However, families chose to participate, so proactive support rather than the videos may have driven the gain.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2022Intensive Multi-Disciplinary Outpatient Rehabilitation for Facilitating Return-to-Work after Acquired Brain Injury: A Case-Control Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients in a coordinated daytime hospital programme were more likely to return to over half their previous work level than those in standard outpatient care. However, neither the primary outcome nor the overall return-to-work rate reached statistical significance, so this is a promising trend rather than proof of benefit.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Headaches in Traumatic Brain Injury: Improvement Over Time, Associations With Quality of Life, and Impact of Migraine-Type Headaches.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationHeadaches in traumatic brain injury patients generally improved over five years, but those with mild TBI had more severe and frequent headaches than those with moderate or severe injuries. Patients with migraine-type headaches reported worse quality of life, and those with moderate to severe headaches did not show significant improvement over time.
• PTOTCohort2023Footwear characteristics and foot problems in community dwelling people with stroke: a cross-sectional observational study.Disability and rehabilitationEvery one of the thirty people with chronic stroke in this study had at least one foot problem, yet most wore slippers indoors. Half of those indoor shoes were ill-fitting. Clinicians should check footwear and foot health directly, as patients often miss these issues.
• OTSLPQualitative2023Learning to flourish in a new reality: a thematic analysis of couples' experience of participation in a positive psychology intervention post-stroke.Disability and rehabilitationCouples after stroke described ReStoreD activities as giving them ways to notice feelings, slow down, spend intentional time together, and talk about difficult things. Some care-partners felt sadder seeing what they missed, so it is not a relationship fix.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022Post stroke intervention trial in fatigue (POSITIF): Randomised multicentre feasibility trial.Clinical rehabilitationTelephone-delivered CBT for post-stroke fatigue showed no significant benefit over a leaflet at six months. Both groups improved similarly. The intervention was feasible to deliver but adherence was low, with only 59% of the intervention group attending four or more sessions.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022Barriers to Enrollment in Post-Stroke Brain Stimulation in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairOnly 1.9% of acute stroke patients qualified for a brain stimulation trial. Most exclusions were due to strict study criteria like prior strokes or age, not safety concerns. This suggests future trials need broader eligibility to improve enrollment rates.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022How do stroke survivors and their caregivers manage post-stroke fatigue? A qualitative study.Clinical rehabilitationStroke survivors and caregivers described managing post-stroke fatigue through acceptance, pacing, rest, diaries, goals, and talking with family. Strategies varied by person, and many said clinicians had not discussed fatigue or its management.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Skeletal Muscle Changes in the First Three Months of Stroke Recovery: A Systematic Review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn the first three months after stroke, muscle strength on the affected side generally increased while muscle thickness decreased. These small-to-moderate strength gains occurred despite muscle wasting, suggesting early recovery may rely more on neural changes than muscle growth.
• PTOTQualitative2022Living With Cervical Spinal Cord Injury During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTen people with cervical spinal cord injury described how the pandemic forced difficult trade-offs between infection risk and essential caregiving. They found telemedicine helpful for routine care but inadequate for hands-on therapy, while isolation and loss of support severely impacted mental health.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Supporting Sexual Functioning and Satisfaction During Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: Barriers and Facilitators Identified by Healthcare Professionals.Journal of rehabilitation medicineHealthcare professionals identified awkwardness and lack of training as key barriers to discussing sexual health in spinal injury rehab. They recommended normalizing the topic through standardized assessments, creating sex-focused patient resources, and actively including partners in care.
• OTSurvey2023Initial Evidence for Reliable and Valid Use of Scores on the 8-Item Econ-QOL Short Form to Measure Economic Quality of Life in Caregivers of Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe 8-item Econ-QOL short form seems a dependable way to ask caregivers of persons with TBI about economic quality of life. It identified caregivers below or possibly below the poverty line as having worse economic well-being.
• PTOTQualitative2023Developing A Conceptual Framework for Early Intervention Vocational Rehabilitation for People Following Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of occupational rehabilitationEarly vocational rehab for spinal cord injury works by building hope through consistent team messaging and trusting relationships. Speed and direction are governed by the patient, not the clock. No time pressure to return to work may help, but evidence is limited to New Zealand's compensation system.
• OTRCT2023A study of prisms and therapy in attention loss after stroke (SPATIAL): A feasibility randomised controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationAdding brief prism adaptation training to routine occupational therapy for stroke patients with spatial inattention showed no benefit. The intervention was feasible and acceptable to patients and therapists, but the authors concluded it is not worth pursuing in a larger trial.
• PTOTPilot2022Muscle adaptations in acute SCI following overground exoskeleton + FES training: A pilot study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAdding exoskeleton and electrical stimulation to standard care helped six people with acute spinal cord injury build leg muscle volume. It also improved static balance. However, the study was too small to prove these changes were real or to confirm the treatment works.
• PTOTCohort2022Increasing the Amount and Intensity of Stepping Training During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation Improves Locomotor and Non-Locomotor Outcomes.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPrioritizing high-intensity stepping in inpatient stroke rehab improved walking speed and distance compared to usual care. This occurred without hurting balance or transfer scores. However, falls increased in the high-intensity group. The study was non-randomized and relied on historical controls.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022Effects of Different Montages of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Haemodynamic Responses and Motor Performance in Acute Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineFive daily sessions of dual-montage tDCS before physical therapy improved lower-limb strength and walking speed more than other tDCS types or sham. Upper-limb function did not differ between groups. Brain blood flow measurements showed no significant changes in any group.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Association Between Anxiety Symptoms, Depression Symptoms, and Life Satisfaction Among Individuals 1 Year After Spinal Cord Injury: Findings From the SCIRehab Project.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAnxiety symptoms alone did not predict life satisfaction once depression was considered. However, depression moderated the link, meaning anxiety became significant when interacting with depression levels. Clinicians should monitor both anxiety and depression together to understand quality of life after spinal cord injury.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2022Compliance with Upper Limb Home-Based Exergaming Interventions for Stroke Patients: A Narrative Review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineHome exergaming compliance varies widely because prescriptions are inconsistent and technical barriers are common. Patients often exceed time limits if allowed, but drop out due to pain, fatigue, or hardware failure. Successful programmes need familiarization, remote support, and realistic dosing to sustain engagement.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022A meta-synthesis of individual, interpersonal, and systemic factors impacting resilience after traumatic brain injury.Rehabilitation psychologySurvivors of traumatic brain injury describe resilience as shaped by three levels. Individual barriers include cognitive decline and identity loss, countered by behavioral strategies like task breakdown. Interpersonal factors involve stigma and isolation, mitigated by strong support networks. Systemic barriers include lost employment and poor service access, eased by vocational support and accessible community resources.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2022Competing at the Cybathlon championship for people with disabilities: long-term motor imagery brain-computer interface training of a cybathlete who has tetraplegia.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA pilot with tetraplegia improved BCI race times during training but slowed down before competition. The authors link this drop to stress and unstable relaxation signals, suggesting future training must focus on maintaining calm states under pressure.
• OTSLPCohort2022Complexity of Participation Post-Stroke: Longitudinal Assessment of Community Participation, Positive Affect, Social Support and Functional Independence.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThree months after stroke rehab, religious or spiritual activity, happiness, social cognition, and socializing outside the home were the strongest links to more social support and motor independence at 12 months. This was observational, not a treatment test.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022The effects of rehabilitation therapy duration on functional recovery of patients with subacute stroke stratified by individual's age: a retrospective multicenter study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineLonger daily rehabilitation was linked to better functional recovery in stroke patients aged 70 and older, but not in those under 70. This suggests older adults may benefit more from increased therapy duration, while younger patients might already be receiving enough.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Effects of inpatient rehabilitation after acute care on functional and quality-of-life outcomes in children with severe traumatic brain injury.Brain injuryChildren with severe TBI and low consciousness scores at discharge who went to inpatient rehab had better global function at 12 months than those who did not. No difference was found for those with higher consciousness scores or for quality of life.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Referrals to Early Specialized Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury during the Covid-19 Pandemic.Journal of rehabilitation medicineReferral to early specialized rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury remained stable during the pandemic. Direct transfers were predicted by younger age, better pre-injury health and severe disability, not by the pandemic status.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Cross-validation of predictive models for functional recovery after post-stroke rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA machine learning model predicted stroke rehabilitation outcomes with 79% accuracy using admission data. Trunk control, communication level, and absence of pressure ulcers were the strongest predictors of functional improvement.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Perceived Community Participation and Associated Factors in People With Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationCommunity participation after stroke is strongly linked to supportive environments, and moderately linked to less depression, less fatigue, and better mobility. Rehabilitation should address these non-neurologic factors and environmental barriers, not just physical function.
• PTOTSLPOther2022The Early Functional Abilities-revised may bridge the gap between the disorder of consciousness and the functional independence scales: evidence from Rasch analysis.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineA revised 12-item version of the Early Functional Abilities scale measures early recovery in disorders of consciousness on a single reliable scale. It correlates strongly with both consciousness and functional independence measures, filling the gap between them.
• PTOTCohort2022Ultrasound Assessment of Changes in Muscle Architecture of the Brachialis Muscle After Stroke-A Prospective Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn the first 7 months after stroke, the brachialis muscle on the affected arm thinned and its quality worsened, while the unaffected arm stayed stable. Older patients lost more muscle. Spasticity appeared to temporarily protect muscle mass at 1 month, but this faded by 6 months.
• PTOTCohort2022Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain in Patients With Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationA prediction tool using five admission findings accurately forecasts hemiplegic shoulder pain in stroke patients. Shoulder subluxation, low Brunnstrom stage, sensory loss, spasticity, and hand edema each independently raise risk, allowing clinicians to identify high-risk patients early.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Traumatic Brain Injury After Music-Associated Head Banging: A Scoping Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationThirteen case reports describe moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injuries, including subdural hematomas and artery dissections, in young men headbanging to music. No mild injuries were reported. These are isolated anecdotes, not evidence of how common or predictable this injury is.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022Rehabilitation to Improve Gaze and Postural Stability in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairNeither vestibular gaze training nor standard strength and aerobic exercise was superior for reducing dizziness in people with MS. Both groups improved significantly and maintained gains at 10 weeks. Choose the exercise type based on patient preference and accessibility.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Determining the Agreement Between Common Measures Related to Vestibulo-ocular Reflex Function After a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSymptom provocation during vestibular screening did not agree with performance-based tests of eye-head coordination in children with concussion. Clinicians should not use one to infer the other, as they likely measure different things.
• PTOTRCT2022Hybrid robot-assisted gait training for motor function in subacute stroke: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding a hybrid robot gait system to routine inpatient rehabilitation did not improve walking ability or balance compared with extra conventional therapy. However, it produced greater gains in lower-limb motor function scores at 3 months. Both groups improved similarly in independence.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023Self-management of falls in people with multiple sclerosis: A scoping review.Clinical rehabilitationSelf-management programs for falls in multiple sclerosis are common but poorly defined. Randomized trials showed no reduction in falls, though some improved daily activities. Most programs target ambulatory patients, leaving non-ambulatory needs unaddressed.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022The association between global cognitive function and walking capacity in individuals with broad ranges of cognitive and physical function: Are there sex differences?Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesWalking distance predicted cognitive scores, but sex did not change this link. Males scored 2.9 points lower on the MoCA than females across all walking distances. This suggests males may need more cognitive support even when physical capacity is similar.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Determining optimal mobile neurofeedback methods for motor neurorehabilitation in children and adults with non-progressive neurological disorders: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAcross 30 studies in 223 adults, brain-computer interface training improved motor scores, but gains were inconsistent and often not clinically significant. More sessions correlated with better outcomes, but no single feedback method proved superior.
• OTRCT2022Effects of Alternating Bilateral Training Between Non-Paretic and Paretic Upper Limbs in Patients with Hemiparetic Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAlternating training between hands did not improve paretic hand speed more than paretic-only training overall. However, it significantly improved non-paretic hand speed. Subgroup analysis suggested alternating training helped paretic hand speed only in patients with left hemiparesis, but this requires confirmation.
• PTOTRCT2022Multi-center, single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing functional electrical stimulation therapy to conventional therapy in incomplete tetraplegia.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFunctional electrical stimulation was not better than conventional therapy for self-care independence. Both groups improved by about 2 points, a meaningful change, but there was no significant difference between them. The study was underpowered due to pandemic interruptions.
• PTOTRCT2023Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Rehabilitation for Upper Limb Motor Impairment and Function After Chronic Ischemic Stroke: Subgroup Analysis of the Randomized, Blinded, Pivotal, VNS-REHAB Device Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPairing vagus nerve stimulation with rehabilitation improved arm function more than sham stimulation, and this benefit was consistent across age, sex, time since stroke, and impairment severity. You do not need to screen for specific subgroups to predict who will respond.
• PTOTOther2023Ultrasound Assessment of Spastic Muscles in Ambulatory Chronic Stroke Survivors Reveals Function-Dependent Changes.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAmbulatory chronic stroke survivors had thinner muscles on the affected side than on the unaffected side, especially in the arm. Greater wrist flexor muscle loss tracked weaker grip, and greater thigh muscle loss tracked worse walking times.
• PTOTCohort2022Music-based intervention drives paretic limb acceleration into intentional movement frequencies in chronic stroke rehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesParetic limb acceleration increased significantly during music-based training, indicating better voluntary control. Clinical scores also improved, but the link between movement mechanics and functional gains was weak. Accelerometers offer real-time feedback during therapy, not just pre- and post-test results.
• PTOTRCT2022Feasibility and psychophysical effects of immersive virtual reality-based mirror therapy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationEleven stroke survivors completed an immersive VR mirror therapy pilot with no adverse events. Nine showed motor improvement, and participants reported high concentration and acceptance. This demonstrates feasibility for a larger trial, not proven efficacy.