TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 14 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPRCT2020Adaptive conjunctive cognitive training (ACCT) in virtual reality for chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA VR cognitive training program showed within-group improvements in attention and spatial awareness for chronic stroke patients. However, there was no significant difference compared to home-based paper-and-pencil exercises, and the authors state they cannot claim a rehabilitation effect.
• OTCohort2020Position-Cortical Coherence as a Marker of Afferent Pathway Integrity Early Poststroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairA brain-wave marker of wrist position input changed over early stroke recovery but did not clearly separate patients who did not recover from those who did. It may help research, not therapy.
• PTOTRCT2020Home-based rehabilitation using a soft robotic hand glove device leads to improvement in hand function in people with chronic spinal cord injury:a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with chronic spinal cord injury who wore a soft robotic glove at home for 12 weeks improved their hand function and grip strength. These gains remained six weeks after they stopped using the device. The study had no control group.
• PTOTRCT2020Adding Contralaterally Controlled Electrical Stimulation of the Triceps to Contralaterally Controlled Functional Electrical Stimulation of the Finger Extensors Reduces Upper Limb Impairment and Improves Reachable Workspace but not Dexterity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAdding triceps stimulation to hand-focused electrical therapy improved arm reach and reduced impairment, but did not improve hand dexterity or perceived daily use compared to hand therapy alone. The added component helps reach, not fine motor control.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020How do patients pass through stroke services? Identifying stroke care pathways using national audit data.Clinical rehabilitationPatients discharged to community rehabilitation had relatively mild strokes yet the highest therapy demand. Stroke care routes varied widely, and direct discharge included many mild and very severe strokes and 27% mortality.
• PTOTCohort2020Obesity and diabetes are jointly associated with functional disability in stroke survivors.Disability and health journalStroke survivors with both obesity and diabetes had 2.62 times higher adjusted odds of functional disability compared to those with neither condition. Having either condition alone also increased odds. This suggests that managing weight and blood sugar is critical for preserving mobility and self-care after a stroke.
• OTPilot2020Feasibility of using acceleration-derived jerk to quantify bimanual arm use.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA jerk ratio from wrist accelerometers tracked relative arm use in children with cerebral palsy while the dominant arm was cast and occupational therapy was given, and matched existing activity-count measures. It is a possible open-source monitoring tool, not proof that this treatment improves function.
• PTOTRCT2020Comparison between Erigo tilt-table exercise and conventional physiotherapy exercises in acute stroke patients: a randomized trial.Archives of physiotherapyErigo tilt-table therapy improved quality of life, lower limb strength, and stroke severity scores more than conventional physiotherapy at 90 days. Both groups improved over time, but the tilt-table group showed greater gains in these specific areas.
• OTCase-Control2019Ultrasound measurements of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel in ambulant chronic stroke patients: comparison between paretic and non-paretic sides.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn chronic stroke, the median nerve was widest on the non-paretic side, especially in longer-standing cases, and slid less on the paretic side. Four long-term patients had very wide nerves and suspected carpal tunnel signs.
• PTOTSLPPilot2019Immediate effects of lumbar spine patterns after neuromuscular joint facilitation on balance in stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceA single session of lumbar spine joint facilitation improved functional reach and reduced body sway in 14 stroke patients compared with rest. The effect lasted only immediately after treatment, and the small sample means these results are preliminary.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Six-month reviews for stroke survivors: a study of the modified Greater Manchester Stroke Assessment Tool with care home residents.Clinical rehabilitationSix-month stroke reviews using the modified GM-SAT in care homes took an average of 51 minutes, were viewed as acceptable, and found many unmet needs. Action plans often did not make clear who would follow them up.
• PTOTNarrative Review2020Advances in neuroprosthetic management of foot drop: a review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeroneal nerve stimulation can improve foot clearance and walking speed in non-progressive conditions like stroke. However, it does not replace conventional treatment, and commercial devices still struggle to adapt to muscle fatigue or varied real-world terrain.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2020Immediate and long-term effects of BCI-based rehabilitation of the upper extremity after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationLong-term upper-limb function after stroke did not show a clear BCI benefit over control at follow-up. BCI training did show immediate improvement compared with control interventions.
• PTOTCohort2020β-Oscillations Reflect Recovery of the Paretic Upper Limb in Subacute Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn subacute stroke, beta activity in the lesion-side motor cortex was low early and rose with recovery. Early post-movement beta activity related to 3-month arm scores, but not independently after baseline scores.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Role of data measurement characteristics in the accurate detection of Parkinson's disease symptoms using wearable sensors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWearable sensors can detect Parkinson's tremor and slowness using simpler data. A 30 Hz sampling rate and basic features captured symptoms as well as high-resolution settings, allowing devices to run longer without losing accuracy.
• OTSLPOther2020Establishing the Factor Structure of a Health-Related Quality of Life Measurement System for Caregivers of Persons Living With Traumatic Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationA new six-part framework for measuring caregiver quality of life after brain injury separates social participation from isolation and negative affect from physical health. This allows therapists to target specific caregiver burdens rather than assuming a single global decline.
• OTOther2020Factors affecting cognition and emotion in patients with traumatic brain injury.NeuroRehabilitationLonger loss of consciousness was linked to worse everyday memory and agitation in patients with traumatic brain injury. Lesion location was linked to executive test performance and mood, but this was an assessment study, not a treatment trial.
• OTCohort2020Traumatic brain injury and creative divergent thinking.Brain injuryThe group with moderate-to-severe TBI scored similarly to healthy adults on two tests of generating unusual ideas, despite lower processing speed, set-shifting, and verbal learning scores.
• OTRCT2020Improving well-being after traumatic brain injury through volunteering: a randomized controlled trial.Brain injuryA structured volunteering program improved life satisfaction and perceived success in people with traumatic brain injury, but did not reduce anxiety, depression, or overall psychological distress. The benefits appeared after the 18-week intervention and lasted through 6-month follow-up.
• PTOTPilot2020Online compensation detecting for real-time reduction of compensatory motions during reaching: a pilot study with stroke survivors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot force feedback reduced trunk and shoulder compensation during seated reaching more than virtual-reality audiovisual feedback. This was a small feasibility pilot, not evidence of functional recovery.
• PTOTRCT2020Composite active range of motion (CXA) and relationship with active function in upper and lower limb spastic paresis.Clinical rehabilitationComposite active range of motion tracked active function after botulinum toxin for spastic paresis only weakly to moderately. Range peaked at week 4, function at week 12. It may help measure movement, but it is not a simple stand-in for functional change.
• PTOTCase Report2020Robotic rehabilitation of the paralyzed upper limb for a stroke patient using the single-joint hybrid assistive limb: a case study assessed by accelerometer on the wrist.Journal of physical therapy scienceFor a stroke patient, accelerometer counts for the paralyzed left arm were higher after the HAL-SJ phase than before it, while standard arm tests showed no clinically important change. Usual PT, OT, and ST continued throughout, so HAL-SJ alone cannot be credited.
• PTOTRCT2020A new lower limb portable exoskeleton for gait assistance in neurological patients: a proof of concept study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive stroke and MS patients tried a new knee exoskeleton. No falls occurred, but most walked slower with it than without. Users liked its comfort and safety but rated its effectiveness low. This is a safety test, not proof it helps walking.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2020Immediate and Sustained Effects of Interventions for Changing Physical Activity in People with Multiple Sclerosis: Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationInterventions significantly increased physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis, with behavioral coaching alone showing the largest effect. However, gains were smaller when measured by devices rather than self-report, and long-term maintenance data was limited.
• PTOTOther2020Transient changes in paretic and non-paretic isometric force control during bimanual submaximal and maximal contractions.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationDuring maximal bimanual wrist and finger extension, the paretic arm produced greater sustained force than unimanual. During submaximal tasks, bimanual conditions made force output less steady and more repetitive in both arms, with more change in the non-paretic arm.
• PTOTRCT2020A Novel Wearable Device for Motor Recovery of Hand Function in Chronic Stroke Survivors.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairHome use of a device pairing electrical shocks with loud clicks improved hand grasp in chronic stroke survivors. The average gain was small, but responders showed clinically meaningful improvement. Other hand functions and strength did not change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Factors influencing the amount of therapy received during inpatient stroke care: an analysis of data from the UK Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme.Clinical rehabilitationInpatient stroke patients received 14 minutes of physiotherapy per inpatient day on average, below the 45-minute guideline. More therapy was associated with specialist rehabilitation teams, weekend services, timely assessment, and higher staffing, but this audit did not test whether these factors caused more therapy.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020Task-Specific Versus Impairment-Based Training on Locomotor Performance in Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Crossover Study.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairTask-specific stepping training improved walking speed and endurance more than impairment-based exercises in people with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. However, the stepping group experienced significantly more minor adverse events, including falls. Clinicians must weigh these gains against the increased fall risk and educate patients on safety.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Predictors of Arm Nonuse in Chronic Stroke: A Preliminary Investigation.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 20 people with chronic stroke, attention and arousal deficits predicted non-use of the affected arm more strongly than the arm's physical capacity. This suggests that for patients who can move their arm but choose not to, addressing attentional engagement is critical.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Inpatient stroke rehabilitation: prediction of clinical outcomes using a machine-learning approach.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdmission scores on the FIM, Ten-Meter Walk, Six-Minute Walk and Berg Balance were the strongest predictors of discharge scores, stronger than age, sex or stroke details. The models were rough and built from 50 patients at one hospital.
• PTOTCohort2020Time Course of Wrist Hyper-Resistance in Relation to Upper Limb Motor Recovery Early Post Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPassive wrist resistance became higher in patients who could not extend their fingers early after stroke, while it stayed mostly stable in those who could.
• PTOTRCT2020Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation with virtual reality on upper limb function in patients with ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding real cathodal tDCS to VR and conventional occupational and physical therapy improved upper limb impairment after ischemic stroke more than sham tDCS with the same VR and conventional occupational and physical therapy in this small trial.
• PTOTOther2020Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation improves severe upper limb paresis in early acute phase stroke survivors.NeuroRehabilitationIn 19 adults with severe arm weakness after stroke, final FMA scores did not differ significantly between groups. The rPMS group had higher FMA score gain relative to treatment duration (2.65 versus 1.10).
• PTOTCohort2020Sleep Disruption After Brain Injury Is Associated With Worse Motor Outcomes and Slower Functional Recovery.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairInpatients with more fragmented sleep showed slower recovery of functional independence and worse motor outcomes. Sleep quality did not improve during rehabilitation. Screening for sleep disruption may identify patients at risk of poorer recovery, though causality is not proven.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Driving after pediatric traumatic brain injury: Impact of distraction and executive functioning.Rehabilitation psychologyA history of pediatric TBI did not independently worsen simulated driving. Instead, executive functioning deficits drove poor vehicle control and speed variability. Texting impaired driving for all participants, while hands-free conversation did not.
• PTOTRCT2020Intense and unpredictable perturbations during gait training improve dynamic balance abilities in chronic hemiparetic individuals: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding intense, unpredictable perturbations to treadmill walking improved dynamic balance and gait speed in people with chronic stroke. Walking alone did not help. The perturbation group gained more balance than the control group, but the study was small and short.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with physical or cognitive training in people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding tDCS to physical or cognitive therapy showed inconsistent benefits. Cognition and upper limb function improved in some trials, but gait and motor symptoms showed no clear advantage over sham stimulation. Small study sizes and varied protocols limit confidence in these findings.
• PTOTCohort2020Upper limb kinematics during the first year after stroke: the stroke arm longitudinal study at the University of Gothenburg (SALGOT).Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter stroke, movement time and hand speed approached healthy performance by 3 months, but elbow speed, arm lifting away from the body and trunk lean stayed impaired through 12 months.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020A comparison of two personalization and adaptive cognitive rehabilitation approaches: a randomized controlled trial with chronic stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVirtual reality cognitive training improved general cognition more than paper-and-pencil tasks in chronic stroke patients. However, the VR group also used their affected arm for motor tasks, so the benefit may come from combined motor-cognitive training rather than VR alone.
• PTOTRCT2020Neurophysiological signatures of hand motor response to dual-transcranial direct current stimulation in subacute stroke: a TMS and MEG study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationDual tDCS shifted brain activity in subacute stroke patients: it increased excitability in the damaged-side motor cortex and decreased it in the healthy-side cortex. These neurophysiological changes mirrored those in healthy controls and correlated with the patients' existing hand function.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Effects of nutritional status on prognosis in patients with severe hemiplegia who were recently admitted to a rehabilitation hospital.Journal of physical therapy sciencePatients with severe hemiplegia who had normal serum albumin levels at admission achieved better walking ability and daily living independence at discharge than undernourished patients. However, age and time since stroke onset differed significantly between the two groups.
• OTOther2020Age- and gender-stratified adult myometric reference values of isometric intrinsic hand strength.Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand TherapistsAdults aged 21 and older showed different intrinsic hand strength by age, gender and body mass index. Strength usually peaked in the 30s and 40s, then declined. These values can help compare a patient's hand strength to similar peers.
• PTOTOther2020Quantitative clinical assessment of motor function during and following LSVT-BIG® therapy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWearable sensors showed that LSVT-BIG therapy improved walking speed, sit-to-stand times, and Timed-Up-and-Go scores in people with Parkinson's. These gains remained stable for 13 weeks after therapy ended. However, there was no improvement in balance or fine finger movements.
• PTOTPilot2020Web-Based Health Coaching for Spinal Cord Injury: Results From a Mixed Methods Feasibility Evaluation.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesEleven people with spinal cord injury completed a web-based peer coaching program, but none of the changes in self-efficacy, mood or secondary conditions reached significance. The authors report feasibility, not proof the intervention works.
• PTOTSystematic Review2020Systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of robotic-assisted arm training for improving activities of daily living and upper limb function after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo robotic arm training type improved daily living or arm function significantly more than others. Indirect comparisons found no clear evidence to support choosing one specific device over another for stroke recovery.
• PTOTRCT2020Effects of virtual reality associated with serious games for upper limb rehabilitation inpatients with multiple sclerosis: randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding Leap Motion virtual games to usual upper-limb therapy improved dexterity and coordination on the more affected side in MS, but not grip strength, fatigue, or quality of life compared with control.
• PTOTRCT2020Timing-dependent effects of transcranial direct current stimulation with mirror therapy on daily function and motor control in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationApplying tDCS before mirror therapy improved daily activities more than doing them together or with sham. However, motor function improved similarly in all three groups, so the brain stimulation did not add benefit to physical movement recovery.
• PTOTOther2020Assessment of dynamic balancing responses following perturbations during slow walking in relation to clinical outcome measures for high-functioning post-stroke subjects.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn slow walking, 44% of stroke subjects fell outside the healthy response range for forward pushes and 27% for backward pushes; outward pushes also showed impaired responses, while inward pushes mostly did not. Routine tests related only to forward pushes.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Robotic assessment of rapid motor decision making in children with perinatal stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with hemiparetic cerebral palsy made more errors on a robotic task requiring rapid decisions to hit targets and avoid distractors. They hit fewer targets and more distractors than typically developing peers, showing impairments in both motor skills and inhibitory control.
• PTOTPilot2020Pilot study on comparisons between the effectiveness of mobile video-guided and paper-based home exercise programs on improving exercise adherence, self-efficacy for exercise and functional outcomes of patients with stroke with 3-month follow-up: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoStroke patients given home exercises via QR-code videos on their phones had better adherence, confidence, and walking ability after three months than those given paper pamphlets. Daily living skills did not improve more with videos. The video group started with higher function, so this pilot needs a larger trial before changing practice.