The Work of Faith Care: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis on the Role of Spirituality and Religion in Diabetes Self-Management Among Black Older Adults in the Greater Toronto Area.

The sample was 21 English-speaking Black adults in suburban Ontario, so it may not represent non-English-speaking, institutionalized, or Black older adults elsewhere in Canada. The study was qualitative and cross-sectional, so it describes experiences at one time and cannot show how spirituality changes over time or causes self-management. Spirituality and religion were treated as one fluid concept, so the study cannot separate personal spiritual beliefs from organized religious practices. No clinical outcomes such as glycemic control, medication adherence, or complications were measured, so the findings do not show health improvement. Interviewer identity and the sensitive topic of faith may have influenced what participants shared. Participants were purposively selected and not all screened participants were included, which limits transferability.

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest. Funding came from the Novo Nordisk Network for Healthy Populations Catalyst Grant Fund.

Do not conclude that spiritual practices improve diabetes control. The study recorded participants' descriptions of coping and self-management, and it did not measure blood glucose, medication adherence, or complications.