OTQualitativeJournal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine2026

Parents of youth and young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: Barriers experienced during transition.

Christine Bottrell Mirzaian, Rowan Smith, Cecily L Betz

PMID 42563537

WHAT IT FOUND

Parents had to track down adult services themselves.

There were no lists of day programs, long waitlists, too few staff, and placements that did not suit their child. School transition support was minimal and nothing was arranged in advance.

Key findings

01Parents described barriers in four areas: day programs, education, employment and independent living, each broken into subthemes.

02For day programs, the barriers parents named were not knowing what was available, lack of staffing, placements that did not suit their child, and long waiting lists.

03Parents said the time-consuming search for a suitable program fell to them, and that they had to go and get a place themselves.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

Only 11 parents took part, all of them mothers, and just two had daughters, so fathers and other carers are not represented. Ten of the 18 parents who booked an interview did not attend, and families volunteered through advocacy groups, so parents with different experiences may be missing. Everyone was recruited from Southern California, so the barriers described may look different where you work. Interviews were anonymous, so almost no demographic detail was collected and the researchers cannot say much about who these parents were. Only the five interview questions about barriers were analysed here; the rest of the interview, including views on a peer navigator programme, is not reported. The authors state that because the design is qualitative the findings are not generalisable.

Declared interests

The authors state they received no financial support for the research, writing or publication of the article, and declared no conflicts of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read this as evidence that any particular transition programme works or fails. It is 11 mothers' accounts of what got in their way, with no outcomes measured and no comparison group, and the barriers they describe are about service systems, waiting lists and funding rather than whether therapy or a specific programme helps.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →