PTOTSLPCohortAutism : the international journal of research and practice2025

Occurrence and overlap of physical and mental health conditions in autistic adults.

Carolien Torenvliet, Tulsi A Radhoe, Hilde M Geurts

PMID 40936496

WHAT IT FOUND

Autistic adults reported significantly more mental and physical health conditions than non-autistic adults, with mood disorders affecting 44% of the autistic group.

Physical health quality of life was lower. The study found no single bridge condition; instead, multiple connections existed between mental and physical health clusters.

Key findings

01Autistic adults reported significantly higher rates of all mental health conditions, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 5 for drug addiction to 30 for PTSD.

02After adjusting for age, sex, and education, autistic adults reported significantly more bowel conditions, allergies, and thyroid conditions, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 2.29 to 3.97.

03Psychometric network analysis showed autism was a central node, but there was no single bridge condition connecting mental and physical health clusters; instead, several separate connections were found.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTsWhat it means for OTsWhat it means for SLPs

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What it does not show

The sample was predominantly White, excluded individuals with intellectual disabilities (IQ < 70), and underrepresented those with practical education, limiting generalizability. Data relied on self-reported lifetime occurrence of diagnoses, which risks misdiagnosis or recall bias. The study was cross-sectional, so it cannot determine causality between physical and mental health conditions. Network analysis only included the most frequent conditions, potentially missing associations involving less common diagnoses.

Declared interests

The study was funded by a VICI Grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not assume a single physical condition causes or bridges mental health issues in autistic adults. The study found multiple, separate connections between mental and physical health clusters, and autism itself was a central node, not just a comorbidity.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →