Fragile X Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Occurrence of Dual Diagnosis in a Set of Triplets.

This is a case report of three children, so it cannot show that any treatment works. The children received speech therapy, occupational therapy, ABA therapy, and several medications at the same time, so the report cannot separate the contribution of any one component. Prematurity, foster instability, neglect, and additional substance exposure may have contributed to delays and behavior. Birth and early history were incomplete, and the reason for removal from maternal care is unknown. No brain imaging was done, so the partial fetal alcohol syndrome diagnosis could change. The two triplets with fragile X were mosaic for a deleted allele, which may alter fragile X protein and phenotype. The article refers to a table and photograph for physical and evaluation details, but those materials are not provided.

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The publication types list NIH extramural research support.

Do not read this as proof that fragile X prevents fetal alcohol syndrome or that any therapy works. The report describes three children with mixed genetic, prenatal, prematurity, neglect, medication, and therapy factors, and it does not test a treatment.