SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 138 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPCohort2024Comparison of motion sensor and heart rate monitor for assessment of physical activity intensity in stroke outpatient rehabilitation sessions: an observational study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMotion sensors and heart rate monitors give very different readings of how hard stroke patients work in rehab. One device showed no moderate activity while the other showed plenty. Do not rely on a single device to judge session intensity.
• SLPCohort2024Lexical repertoire of 24 and 30-month-old children speaking Brazilian portuguese: preliminary results.CoDASBrazilian Portuguese children spoke a median of 283 words at 24 months and 401 at 30 months. This far exceeds the 50-word milestone, suggesting the CDC's delay of this benchmark to 30 months may cause missed referrals.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024School absenteeism in autistic children and adolescents: A scoping review.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic children miss school more often than peers, especially those with co-occurring mental health conditions. Current interventions are small, uncontrolled, and lack evidence of efficacy. Schools should focus on individualized accommodations and early detection rather than relying on proven treatment programs.
• SLPPilot2023Traditional and Visual-Acoustic Biofeedback Treatment via Telepractice for Residual Speech Sound Disorders Affecting /ɹ/: Pilot study.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsSeven children with persistent /ɹ/ distortions completed 20 telepractice sessions combining visual-acoustic biofeedback and motor-based treatment. Six showed clinically meaningful improvement, but the design cannot separate which component drove the gains.
• SLPPilot2024Orofacial myofunctional and polysomnographic characteristics of children with Down syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study.CoDASChildren with Down syndrome and sleep apnea who had more orofacial muscle and structure problems on screening also had more severe sleep apnea events. This link was found in just twelve children, so it is a hypothesis to test, not a diagnostic rule.
• SLPOther2024Differences in Connected Speech Outcomes Across Elicitation Methods.AphasiologyFor adults with acute left hemisphere stroke, storytelling elicited longer, more complex and more grammatical connected speech than picture description. It also identified more people with word and sentence-structure problems.
• SLPOther2024Immediate effect of inspiratory exercise with exerciser and respiratory encourager in women without vocal complaints.CoDASA single inspiratory exercise session increased maximum phonation time for the /s/ sound but produced no immediate changes in vocal quality or acoustic measures. It does not serve as a vocal warm-up for improving voice stability.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Effect of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation of the common fibular nerve on the soleus muscle Hoffmann reflex.Journal of physical therapy scienceRepetitive magnetic stimulation of the common fibular nerve reduced soleus muscle H-reflex amplitude in healthy men, suggesting increased spinal inhibition. However, the control group also showed changes, and the clinical effect on spasticity or function in patients was not tested.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2024Implementing neuropsychological rehabilitation following severe traumatic brain injury in a low-to-middle income country: a case report.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA man with severe brain injury used iPad checklists and loud calendar alerts to regain daily independence, but standard cognitive tests showed no improvement. Family reported better task completion and reduced conflict, while the patient’s physical function actually worsened. This single case cannot prove the method works.
• SLPOther2024Accuracy of initial diagnostic impressions of autism in toddlers and behaviors that inform these impressions.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchWhen senior clinicians suspected autism after a brief first impression, all 22 were later diagnosed with autism, but they missed 37% of toddlers who ultimately had autism. A brief non-autism impression should not rule out autism; longer evaluation is needed.
• SLPCase-Control2024Autistic and non-autistic individuals show the same amygdala activity during emotional face processing.Molecular autismAutistic and non-autistic adults showed no difference in amygdala activity and similar accuracy when matching emotional faces. The amygdala result remained when depression, anxiety, ADHD, autism traits, or disability were considered.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Prevalence of intellectual disability among adults born in the 1980s and 1990s in the United States.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRResearchers estimated that 818,564 adults aged 21 to 41 years in the United States have intellectual disability. This represents a prevalence of 0.95%. These figures provide a necessary denominator for tracking adult health services and planning care resources.
• SLPOther2024Speaking in Public Coping Scale (ECOFAP): content and response process validity evidence.CoDASECOFAP items were accepted as describing ways people manage public speaking, and wording was clarified with 30 adults. It is not ready for clinical use because it has not been checked against other measures or shown stable over time.
• SLPCohort2024Remote assessment of the Penn computerised neurocognitive battery in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRRemote cognitive testing for people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome yielded accuracy scores identical to in-person testing. Speed scores were slightly slower remotely on three specific tasks, but this did not compromise the overall validity of the battery for assessing multiple cognitive domains.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Social interaction links active musical rhythm engagement and expressive communication in autistic toddlers.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAutistic toddlers showed lower active engagement with music than nonautistic peers. In autistic children, higher child music engagement linked to better social skills, while parent-child music-making linked to better expressive communication. These relationships were cross-sectional and did not prove that music interventions cause communication gains.
• SLPSurvey2024Communication-related aspects of prospective memory: an exploratory factor analysis of prospective memory questionnaires.CoDASProspective memory items from existing questionnaires cluster into communication themes: losing content, losing intent, interference cost, and priority. This framework may guide assessment, not treatment efficacy.
• OTSLPQualitative2024Made to feel different: Families perspectives on external responses to autism and the impacts on family well-being and relationships.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceFamilies described being made to feel different by schools and communities. Sensory overload and bullying at school led to home meltdowns and isolation. Parents and adolescents wanted support groups and professionals who understood autism’s impact on the whole family unit.
• SLPOther2024Cross-cultural adaptation of the Voice-related Experiences of Nonbinary Individuals - VENI to Brazilian Portuguese.CoDASThe Brazilian Portuguese VENI voice questionnaire was pre-tested with 21 nonbinary people, and standard responses were more common than non-applicable responses for every item. It can help speech therapists ask about voice experiences.
• SLPRCT2024Immediate effects of photobiomodulation on saliva production.CoDASPhotobiomodulation did not differ from placebo for self-perception or measured saliva in healthy adults. Measured saliva increased at 9 J and decreased at 18 J and 24 J in both groups, so the laser alone cannot explain the changes.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Brain glutathione and GABA+ levels in autistic children.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchBrain scans found no difference in glutathione or GABA levels between autistic and non-autistic children. Higher GABA in motor and thalamus regions correlated with ADHD inattention scores, but this secondary finding was not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
• SLPOther2024No association between alexithymia and emotion recognition or theory of mind in a sample of adolescents enhanced for autistic traits.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn adolescents, alexithymia did not explain why autistic traits relate to poor emotion recognition or theory of mind. Autistic traits alone predicted these difficulties. One unpre-registered subgroup finding suggested alexithymia linked to lower theory of mind in non-autistic youth only, but this did not hold after adjusting for verbal IQ.
• SLPCase Report2024Breastfeeding outpatient in primary care as an important action to promote breastfeeding: experience report.CoDASThis paper describes how a community health center in Brazil set up a breastfeeding clinic run by a speech-language pathologist. It reports the service structure and the problems mothers brought in, such as pain and latch issues, but provides no evidence that the intervention changed breastfeeding outcomes compared to standard care.
• PTOTSLPPilot2024Selective orthotic constraint of lower limb movement during walking reveals new insights into neuromuscular adaptation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesWalking in a rigid ankle orthosis caused immediate and progressive drops in muscle activation on the treated leg, while the untreated leg showed increased activity. This reveals a bilateral neuromuscular adaptation to mechanical constraint in healthy adults, not a treatment effect for patients.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Characterising the social interaction style of autism in young adult males with fragile X syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRYoung men with fragile X syndrome and autism split evenly between active and passive social styles. Crucially, neither style predicted their cognitive, language, or adaptive skills. A passive presentation does not mean lower ability; do not underestimate a patient's capacity based on how they initiate social interaction.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Stroke survivors' long-term participation in paid employment.Work (Reading, Mass.)Half of stroke survivors with pre-stroke jobs still had employment contracts at 30 months, but many were on sick leave. Those who stayed in the workforce reported better quality of life and communication, yet non-work participation remained restricted and less satisfying.
• PTSLPCase-Control2024Differences in cough strength, respiratory function, and physical performance in older adults with and without low swallowing function in the repetitive saliva swallowing test.Journal of physical therapy scienceOlder adults with low swallowing screening had weaker cough and breathing muscles than matched controls. Lung function and physical tests were similar. The analysis included 14 low swallowing and 14 controls.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2024Nil per os in the management of oropharyngeal dysphagia-exploring the unintended consequences.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesNil per os (NPO) does not reliably prevent aspiration pneumonia and causes significant harm, including dehydration, muscle wasting, and reduced quality of life. Clinicians should avoid using NPO as a default intervention and instead weigh the transfer of risk to other body systems.
• SLPRCT2024Effects of athletic tape on orofacial pain and jaw movements after 24 hours of use: a randomized clinical trial.CoDASIn adults with TMD, 24-hour athletic tape on the masseter did not improve jaw movement and did not differ from unstretched tape. Pain fell only at a few points within each group, with no advantage for stretching.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Associations between Executive Functions and Sensorimotor Performance in Children at Risk for Learning Disabilities.Occupational therapy internationalPoor standing balance and weak sentence repetition were the strongest predictors of being at risk for learning difficulties in preschoolers. These two factors predicted risk better than IQ or age, suggesting clinicians should screen for balance and verbal working memory alongside cognitive tests.
• SLPQualitative2024'[M]y own pace and space, without the pressures': Online learning experiences of audiology students.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsAudiology students described online learning as flexible, cost-effective and less exhausting, but also reported time-management problems, weak instructor presence, poor peer connection, load-shedding and feeling unprepared for clinical practicals.
• SLPOther2024Modeling the Intelligibility Benefit of Active Noise Cancelation in Hearing Devices That Improve Signal-to-Noise Ratio.Trends in hearingSimulated hearing aids with active noise cancelation had higher speech-in-noise metric scores than standard aids, especially above 70 dB SPL and with at least 4 dB signal-to-noise improvement. No people tested this.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Neural basis of lower-limb visual feedback therapy: an EEG study in healthy subjects.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWatching video feedback of a moving leg activated the brain's motor areas, but adding mental imagery or physical movement to the viewing caused much stronger brain activity and post-movement validation signals. Passive watching alone did not trigger these stronger effects.
• SLPCase Report2024Ultrasonographic analysis of the hyoid bone distance in individuals with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia.CoDASUltrasound showed the hyoid bone moved less upward during swallowing in adults with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia than in healthy adults. Food consistency did not change the measurement.
• SLPCase Series2024Clinical impact and in vitro characterization of ADNP variants in pediatric patients.Molecular autismAll 15 children with ADNP variants had global developmental delay. Eight had autism, and 13 had distinctive facial features. In lab tests, most mutations disrupted how the protein sits in the cell nucleus, but not by blocking its entry signal alone.
• SLPOther2024In-situ Audiometry Compared to Conventional Audiometry for Hearing Aid Fitting.Trends in hearingModern hearing aid software automatically corrects for low-frequency leakage in open-fit devices. In-situ thresholds matched conventional audiometry within 5 dB for 11 patients. Clinicians can trust in-situ results for fitting, provided they follow manufacturer guidelines on dome selection.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2023Prioritising patients for hospital occupational therapy to reduce inpatient falls: A retrospective case-control study to identify predictive patient falls risk factors.The British journal of occupational therapyEarly occupational therapy input was associated with an 81% reduction in falls within the first 48 hours of admission. Key risk factors for early falls included impaired balance, reduced muscle strength, impulsivity, and mobilising without assistance.
• PTOTSLPOther2023Analyzing Time Use by Occupation Area between Weekdays and Weekends by Gender of Parents in Single-Parent Families.Occupational therapy internationalSingle parents spent 197.65 more minutes on work weekdays than weekends. Weekends brought more sleep, leisure, and home care. Women used weekends for media and relationships. Men chose outdoor activities. These patterns show where time deficits occur for this group.
• SLPOther2024The word-with-noise test: development, validation and reference values.CoDASThe Word-with-Noise test reliably distinguishes people with hearing loss who struggle in noise from normal-hearing listeners. It uses a fixed 55 dBHL noise background to find the speech threshold, taking about nine minutes per ear to administer.
• SLPOther2024Cross-cultural adaptation of the Iranian Voice Quality of Life Profile into Brazilian Portuguese.CoDASThe Iranian voice quality-of-life questionnaire was adapted into Brazilian Portuguese. Thirty-six adults at risk for dysphonia understood all 43 items, and no item needed change. It is not yet validated, so it should not be used as a validated measure.
• SLPOther2024Prevalence of bias against neurodivergence-related terms in artificial intelligence language models.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchCommon AI language models linked autism and neurodivergence terms with negative words such as slurs, violence, or uptight. Sentences about severe autism were rated especially negatively. This is about AI text tools, not evidence about therapy.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Phenotyping Down syndrome: discovery and predictive modelling with electronic medical records.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRElectronic records show people with Down syndrome have high rates of speech disorders, coordination issues and hypothyroidism. A model accurately predicted heart surgery needs based on pre-existing heart and breathing conditions, though diagnostic codes can be inaccurate.
• SLPSystematic Review2024Relationship between prematurity and difficulties in the transition of food consistency in childhood: a systematic review.CoDASMost included studies found no clear link between prematurity and trouble moving through food textures. Some studies reported early complementary feeding, lower gestational age links to feeding difficulty, and oral motor signs such as gagging or refusal.
• SLPOther2024Easy as 1-2-3: Development and Evaluation of a Simple yet Valid Audiogram-Classification System.Trends in hearingThe LC dyad system, which uses separate averages for low and high frequencies, explains more variance in speech recognition and self-reported hearing difficulty than the standard WHO single-grade system. It better captures audiogram configuration, which is critical for identifying noise-induced hearing loss.
• SLPOther2024Swallowing performance of elderly people and sociodemographic, cognitive and language factors.CoDASNo statistical link was found between swallowing complaints and cognitive or language scores in 32 older adults. However, all four participants with high self-reported swallowing risk also had lower scores on cognitive and language screenings.
• SLPOther2024Validity based on the response processes of the MMBGR Protocol Infants and Preschoolers: Instructional and Orofacial Myofuncional Clinical History.CoDASTen speech therapists found this infant history protocol easy to use and willing to adopt it in practice. Half took longer than the estimated 45 minutes. Most agreed the instruction manual was useful, though some found it unnecessary before reading.
• SLPOther2024Evidence-b(i)ased practice: Selective and inadequate reporting in early childhood autism intervention research.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceCompleted early autism intervention trials were often unpublished or unreported: only 6 of 84 posted results. 95 of 385 eligible reports could not be included in meta-analysis. Only 10 of 56 registered studies were free of selective reporting signs.
• SLPCohort2024Vowel distinctiveness as a concurrent predictor of expressive language function in autistic children.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchIn 27 autistic children, how distinct their vowel sounds were predicted expressive language skills, but only for those with limited speech. For children with stronger language, understanding of speech was the better predictor. This acoustic measure helps identify which children may struggle to develop spoken words.
• SLPOther2024Test for clinical reasoning evaluation in Speech-Language Pathology: content validity.CoDASThe FonoTCS test for speech-language pathology clinical reasoning passed content validation for clarity, relevance, and ethics. Two audiology cases were restructured to reduce complexity. The instrument is now ready for internal structure validation.
• SLPOther2024Translation and cross cultural adaptation of the questionnaire "Quality of Alimentation" for brazilian portuguese.CoDASAll 11 items of the Brazilian Portuguese 'Quality of Alimentation' questionnaire were rated clear and easy to understand by 40 bariatric surgery patients. The adapted version is not yet validated.
• SLPCohort2024Risk of Autoimmune Disease in Research-Identified Cases of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Longitudinal, Population-Based Birth Cohort Study.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPChildren with autism were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with an autoimmune disease by age 30 than their peers. This means clinicians should watch for signs of conditions like diabetes or alopecia in patients with autism.