RNMeta-AnalysisNursing open2026

Family-Centred Breastfeeding Interventions to Improve Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ziyang Xie, Xuanli Zhang, Yunyi Zhang and 1 others

PMID 42400223

WHAT IT FOUND

Family breastfeeding support raised exclusive breastfeeding rates after birth.

Effects were seen when fathers or both parents were included, when interventions used theory, combined face-to-face and online formats, and spanned prenatal and postnatal care.

Key findings

01Family-based breastfeeding interventions increased exclusive breastfeeding rates at 1, 4 and 6 months postpartum (OR 3.18, 95% CI 1.39 to 7.31; OR 3.94, 95% CI 1.79 to 8.66; OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.90 to 4.50), with substantial heterogeneity at 1 and 4 months and moderate heterogeneity at 6 months.

02Interventions with a theoretical framework significantly improved exclusive breastfeeding within 2 months postpartum (OR 5.50, 95% CI 2.30 to 13.19), while interventions without a theoretical framework did not (OR 2.13, 95% CI 0.89 to 5.06).

03At 6 months postpartum, multiple intervention delivery formats significantly increased exclusive breastfeeding (OR 2.70, 95% CI 2.04 to 3.57), and interventions covering both prenatal and postnatal periods significantly increased exclusive breastfeeding (OR 4.84, 95% CI 2.50 to 9.40).

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs

Read the rest of this summary

You get three full summaries a month, free, and we do not ask for a card. Search, the TL;DRs and your library stay unlimited either way.

Already have one?

What it does not show

The included studies varied widely in participants, intervention content, timing, delivery format and outcome measures. Most had high or unclear risk of bias, especially for randomisation and blinding. There were few studies targeting grandparents, and no direct comparison of different family compositions. Follow-up was often short-term, and cultural and healthcare contexts differed. The review excluded non-English studies and studies without full text.

Declared interests

Funded by Shenzhen science and technology grants, a nursing special project at a maternal and child healthcare hospital, and a Sanming medical project; the authors declared no conflicts of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not conclude that every family breastfeeding programme works. The pooled positive result came from studies with high or unclear risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity, and some single-format or prenatal-only/postnatal-only groups did not reach statistical significance.

Read it on PubMed →