Designing and Psychometric Properties of Self-Care Tool for Adults With Pre-Diabetes: Exploratory Sequential Mixed Method.
Mozhgan Jokar, Abbas Ebadi, Amir Abbas Momenan and 2 others
PMID 41830069WHAT IT FOUND
A new 19-item questionnaire measures self-care behaviours in adults with pre-diabetes.
It takes about six minutes to complete and scores from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better self-care. It was developed and tested in Iran, so its use in other cultures is untested.
Key findings
01The final scale consists of 19 items across three subscales: self-maintenance, self-monitoring, and self-management.
02The scale takes 6 minutes to complete and has no floor effect, with a ceiling effect of 7%.
03Internal consistency was acceptable, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.880 for the total scale.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The tool was developed and validated solely in an Iranian population, so its applicability and validity in other cultures are unknown. The exploratory factor analysis explained only 38% of the variance, which is low and suggests the tool may not capture the full scope of self-care behaviours. Responsiveness was estimated using statistical formulas rather than by tracking changes in patients after a known intervention, so its ability to detect real clinical improvement is unproven. The confirmatory factor analysis had some indices (like RMSEA) that were only in the 'medium' or 'weak' range, indicating the model fit is not perfect.
Declared interests
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The study was approved by a research ethics committee, and participants provided written informed consent.
The easy way to misread this
Do not assume this tool is ready for use in non-Iranian clinical settings. It was developed in a specific cultural context, and the authors state that its applicability in other societies is unknown and requires further testing.