Design Recommendations for Virtual Reality-Based Upper Limb Exercises From People With Tetraplegia and Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Specialists: Focus Group Study.

Data saturation was not achieved; the final focus groups still yielded new insights, suggesting the sample may not have fully captured all perspectives. Participants with tetraplegia were recruited after discharge, meaning they relied on retrospective recall of acute inpatient rehabilitation, which can be inaccurate if years had passed. Therapists and patients were in separate focus groups, which prevented direct interaction and potential co-creation of ideas during the sessions. The sample was a convenience sample, which may introduce selection bias (e.g., more motivated patients or therapists may have been more likely to participate).

The paper does not report specific conflicts of interest or funding sources in the provided text.

Do not assume VR is universally safe or accessible for people with tetraplegia. The study explicitly identifies that head-mounted displays can be heavy and unsafe for high-level injuries, and that nausea is a common barrier. Furthermore, this paper reports design recommendations and perceptions, not evidence that VR improves clinical outcomes.