TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 58 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTSurvey2024Perceived Barriers to Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Physically Active Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationOnly 47% of physically active people with spinal cord injury met activity guidelines. Cost, pain, time, energy, and feeling self-conscious in a fitness center were most reported barriers; knowing an accessible facility was linked to meeting guidelines.
• PTOTCase Report2024Cryoneurolysis and Quadriplegia: A Case Report on Pain and Severe Spasticity Management.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationA man with long-standing quadriplegia and severe spasticity had cryoneurolysis to hip and hand muscles. His hip and knee range of motion and hand function improved for months, and he regained some daily independence. This is one person's story, not proof the treatment works for others.
• PTCohort2024Craniectomy and Cranioplasty Effects on Balance and Gait in Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationBalance and walking improved over rehabilitation, but the study did not show that cranioplasty alone improved them. Berg Balance Scale scores fell between admissions, then rose again during postcranioplasty therapy.
• PTOTSLPRCT2025Clinical validation of an individualized auto-adaptative serious game for combined cognitive and upper limb motor robotic rehabilitation after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThe game automatically adjusted difficulty to match each person's motor and attention impairment levels. It reached an individualized challenge level within about 30 minutes, confirming the system works as designed for combined rehabilitation.
• PTOTRCT2025Myoelectric pattern recognition with virtual reality and serious gaming improves upper limb function in chronic stroke: a single case experimental design study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSix people with chronic stroke completed six weeks of high-dose training using myoelectric pattern recognition, virtual reality, and gaming. All six improved upper limb motor function, with five reaching the minimal clinically important difference. Follow-up data showed some deterioration.
• PTOTOther2025Insights into the dependence of post-stroke motor recovery on the initial corticospinal tract connectivity from a computational model.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA computer model suggests initial corticospinal tract strength shapes stroke upper-limb recovery. With stronger connectivity, people reached about 70% recovery quickly. With weaker connectivity, recovery was slower and more variable.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Towards personalized immersive virtual reality neurorehabilitation: a human-centered design.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNeurorehabilitation experts described training environments for brain injury as specific, meaningful, versatile, educational, safe, and supportive. For virtual reality, they recommended adjusting stimuli, offering video instructions, realistic tasks, and monitoring fatigue. These are design recommendations, not tested treatments.
• PTOTSystematic Review2024Overview of Effects of Motor Learning Strategies in Neurologic and Geriatric Populations: A Systematic Mapping Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMost trials on motor learning strategies in older adults had weak methods. Only 5 studies were reliable enough to interpret. Results were mixed: dual-task and observational learning showed some promise in specific groups, but firm conclusions on effectiveness cannot be drawn.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025Factors influencing participation and engagement in post-stroke cardiac rehabilitation and exercise: an exploratory qualitative study.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationStroke survivors and staff identified barriers like transport costs, fatigue, and lack of stroke-specific training. Enablers included social connection, adapted exercises, and supportive staff. Home-based classes were unpopular due to lost camaraderie. Prioritising accessible venues and staff upskilling may improve engagement.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Within-session propulsion asymmetry changes have a limited effect on gait asymmetry post-stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIncreasing paretic propulsion with biofeedback reduced propulsion asymmetry but did not significantly improve overall gait asymmetry. Clinicians should not expect single-limb propulsion training to automatically normalize the entire walking pattern.
• PTOTSystematic Review2025Outdoor experiences and outdoor-based activities and interventions for individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic scoping review.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePeople with spinal cord injury often find joy and freedom in outdoor activities, but face barriers like inaccessible terrain and high equipment costs. Most evidence describes experiences rather than testing whether outdoor rehabilitation improves health outcomes.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Clinical utility and psychometric properties of tools for early detection of developmental concerns and disability in young children: A scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurology67 validated tools are recommended for screening and assessing children from birth to 5 years 11 months. The ASQ-3 is best multi-domain screen; GMA is strongest early CP screen; SACS-R is best autism screen.
• PTOTCase Report2024Case Report: Targeted plasticity in spinal cord injury-the role of focal muscle vibration and neurocognitive rehabilitation in adaptative synaptic change along sensory and motor circuit.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOne patient with chronic spinal cord injury improved walking speed from 0.2 to 0.4 m/s and reduced pain scores after five weeks of combined vibration and neurocognitive therapy. Because many treatments were given together, the specific contribution of vibration cannot be isolated.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Health and Health Care Utilization Outcomes for Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationOne year after injury, people with traumatic brain injury used significantly more health care than matched controls without injury. They had higher rates of emergency visits, hospital admissions, and new diagnoses, including headaches and anxiety. This suggests a need for closer long-term monitoring.
• PTOTCohort2025Construct validity and responsiveness of clinical upper limb measures and sensor-based arm use within the first year after stroke: a longitudinal cohort study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationClinical scores and real-world arm use measure different things. A 4-point improvement in motor recovery did not guarantee patients felt better. Use arm use data to see how much patients actually use the arm, not just how well they can move it.
• PTOTSLPRCT2025Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation combined with robotic-assisted body weight-supported treadmill training enhances motor score and gait recovery in incomplete spinal cord injury: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation to robotic treadmill training improved leg strength and walking speed more than sham stimulation at one-month follow-up. The effect appeared after the stimulation phase ended, not immediately, and the study was small.
• PTOther2025Motor modules are largely unaffected by pathological walking biomechanics: a simulation study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn computer simulations, walking speed, step width and step length asymmetry were produced by the same lower-limb motor modules. The modules changed how strongly and when they fired, while their number and muscle groupings were largely unchanged.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Functional independence trajectories over 5 years in older veterans with traumatic brain injury: A model systems study.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationFunctional independence declined over five years in older veterans with TBI. Those with longer posttraumatic amnesia or preinjury substance use had lower scores and steeper drops. Clinicians should monitor these high-risk groups closely, as their recovery trajectory is worse than average.
• PTOTOther2024Validation of a tri-axial accelerometer for measuring physical activity in patients with subacute stroke.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesThe Active Style Pro accelerometer accurately estimated energy expenditure during walking and reaching in patients with subacute stroke who could walk independently. Scores were similar regardless of whether the device was worn on the affected or unaffected side.
• PTOTQualitative2025Advancing stroke rehabilitation: the role of wearable technology according to research experts.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technologyStroke researchers believe wearable technology is vital for measuring real-world movement but too burdensome for routine use due to cost, data overload, and poor integration into clinical workflows.
• PTOTCohort2025Machine learning techniques for independent gait recovery prediction in acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA machine learning model predicted independent walking recovery in stroke patients more accurately than standard statistics. It relied on the Timed Up and Go test, brain scan markers, and cognitive scores to identify those likely to recover gait by 90 or 180 days.
• PTOTCohort2025Natural history of gait patterns in untreated children with bilateral cerebral palsy in a low-income country setting.Developmental medicine and child neurologyUntreated children with bilateral cerebral palsy show highly variable gait patterns, but hip and knee movement ranges decrease with age. This supports prioritizing interventions to maintain hip and knee extension, rather than assuming a uniform progression from equinus to crouch gait.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Cerebral palsy characteristics in term-born children with and without detectable perinatal risk factors: A cross-sectional study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTerm-born children with cerebral palsy and no detectable perinatal risk factors had milder motor and communication impairments than those with risk factors. They were more likely to have unilateral spastic CP and focal brain injuries, particularly venous stroke, despite normal birth histories.
• PTOTSLPPilot2025Can muscle synergies shed light on the mechanisms underlying motor gains in response to robot-assisted gait training in children with cerebral palsy?Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot gait training improved gross motor function and gait quality in children with cerebral palsy, but changes in muscle coordination patterns did not reliably predict who improved. One child showed a clear link between better coordination and gains, but this was not seen across the group.
• PTOTCohort2025Etiological factors and clinical outcomes in extracapsular and intracapsular hip fractures among older adults: A gender-specific analysis.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationOlder women with extracapsular hip fractures are significantly less likely to return home and more likely to need rehabilitation or readmission than those with intracapsular fractures. Men with the same fracture types showed no difference in discharge outcomes. Risk factors for severe fractures differed by gender.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2025Characterizing the attitudes, proficiency, and usage patterns for daily technology among older adults with a cognitive impairment.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technologyOlder adults with mild cognitive impairment, traumatic brain injury, or post-stroke cognitive impairment reported positive attitudes and proficiency with technology. They used social and domestic tools most often, but transportation and leisure technologies least. Age was a barrier, while interest and comfort predicted usage.
• PTOTRCT2025Cardiopulmonary exercise tests in people with chronic stroke: Interpretation and clinical application.Clinical rehabilitationMost treadmill exercise tests in chronic stroke stop due to walking problems, not heart or lung limits. Only 1.9% met criteria for a true maximal effort. Peak oxygen consumption from these tests likely underestimates fitness. Consider alternative modalities or clinical judgment for training intensity.
• PTCohort2025Effects of Home Neighborhood Tree Canopy Coverage on Mental Health Outcomes: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Investigation.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationIn adults with traumatic brain injury, more neighborhood tree cover was linked to higher depression and anxiety scores in rural areas. This association disappeared after adjusting for socioeconomic disadvantage. Neighborhood poverty, not tree cover, appears to drive the mental health differences.
• PTOTQualitative2025Understanding the complexity of decision-making for mothers of young children with ambulatory cerebral palsy: A qualitative phenomenological study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMothers of children with ambulatory cerebral palsy describe decision-making as a constant trade-off between clinical gains and family survival. They report high uncertainty and administrative burden, often skipping therapy to protect work, money, or their child's happiness. Clinical success is not the only goal.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Neuroimaging and cognitive correlates of postural control in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPoorer cognition, especially executive function, is linked to worse balance in Parkinson's. Brain scans show patients rely more on conscious cortical control for posture. However, protocols varied widely, so no single test or intervention is proven.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2025Cerebellar haemorrhage and atrophy in infants born extremely preterm with intraventricular haemorrhage.Developmental medicine and child neurologyExtremely preterm infants with both intraventricular and cerebellar haemorrhage had significantly lower motor and cognitive scores at age two. Cerebellar atrophy predicted worse outcomes across all domains. These MRI findings help identify high-risk infants early for targeted therapy and counselling.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025High Intensity Interval Training POst-STroke (HIIT-POST): Perspectives of People Living With Stroke and Health Professionals.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPeople with stroke and clinicians view high-intensity interval training as beneficial but intimidating. The term 'high intensity' limits uptake. Focus education on personalization and relative effort rather than absolute speed. Safety screening and confidence in prescribing remain key barriers to routine use.
• PTOTOther2025Clinical Relevance of the Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold and μ as Measures of Upper Limb Spasticity and Motor Impairment After Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairA portable device measuring the elbow's stretch reflex threshold predicted 72% of upper limb motor impairment variance in stroke survivors. This offers a more objective way to define the specific joint range where muscle activation becomes disordered compared to standard clinical scales.
• PTPilot2025Sway frequencies may predict postural instability in Parkinson's disease: a novel convolutional neural network approach.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA computer model distinguished people with Parkinson's from healthy controls using sway data, achieving 100% accuracy in the side-to-side direction. This pilot study involved only 18 participants, so these high scores likely reflect overfitting rather than a proven clinical test.
• PTOTOther2025Touchscreen-based assessment of upper limb kinematics after stroke: Reliability, validity and sensitivity to motor impairment.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA large touchscreen reaching task produced consistent movement measures in 64 people after stroke and related to standard upper limb tests. In two extreme cases it distinguished best from worst function, but it is not evidence that it changes care.
• PTOther2025Serum metabolomics after exercise in ambulatory individuals with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAfter functional testing, adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy had serum metabolite profiles that were different from those of typically developing peers, and several metabolite levels tracked with walking and strength only in cerebral palsy.
• PTCohort2025Lower limb pointing to assess intersegmental dynamics after incomplete spinal cord injury and the associated role of proprioceptive impairments.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with incomplete spinal cord injury used different muscle strategies than controls to point their toe, even when the movement looked accurate. Poorer ability to detect movement speed, not joint position, correlated with these compensatory strategies.
• PTOTRCT2025Evaluation of a Game-Based Mechatronic Device for Rehabilitation of Hand-Arm Function in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesChildren with cerebral palsy using a game-based robotic handle improved hand dexterity and visual-motor skills more than those receiving standard physical therapy. All 34 children completed the 8-week program with no adverse events, suggesting the device is feasible and engaging for home or clinic use.
• PTOTPilot2025Augmented Reality Exergames for Upcoming Cognitive-Motor Rehabilitation: User-Centered Design Approach and User Experience of Healthy Children.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesHealthy children rated the augmented reality cognitive-motor games as easy to use and reported positive emotions, but physical and mental fatigue increased after sessions. The games are not yet tested in children with cerebral palsy or acquired brain injury.
• PTOther2025Network Medicine as a Tool to Enhance Regenerative Rehabilitation Practice.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationMechanical loading and thermal stimulation appeared to target separate pathways in cartilage data, while exercise and stem-cell transplantation appeared to complement anti-inflammatory targets in stroke data. This is a computational preview, not patient evidence.
• PTOTOther2025Functional electrical stimulation for walking in adults with cerebral palsy: a service evaluation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdults with cerebral palsy using functional electrical stimulation for foot drop walked slightly faster and reported much higher satisfaction with their walking after three months. Most continued using the device for years, though the small number of participants and lack of a control group limit confidence in these results.
• PTPilot2025Proficiency in motor imagery is linked to the lateralization of focused ERD patterns and beta PDC.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople who controlled a motor imagery brain-computer interface best had a stronger alpha-band signal decrease over the left motor area and a more side-specific beta-band connectivity pattern. This could help identify likely control before training, but it was not tested in patients.
• PTPilot2025Feasibility of a Recumbent Stepper for Short-Interval, Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTAll 28 people with chronic stroke completed a 10-minute recumbent stepper interval session with no serious adverse events. Average heart rate during intervals was 76.8% of age-predicted maximum, so the session was feasible but not consistently vigorous.
• PTSLPOther2024Visuospatial Skills Explain Differences in the Ability to Use Propulsion Biofeedback Post-stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTPost-stroke people with better visuospatial skills used treadmill propulsion biofeedback more accurately. Better attention was linked to more consistent propulsion output, and better language was linked to keeping the new walking pattern right after feedback stopped.
• PTOTSurvey2025A path analysis of the healthcare utilization and services satisfaction among community-dwelling individuals with spinal cord injury in Malaysia.Journal of rehabilitation medicineFor Malaysian adults with spinal cord injury, the severity of health problems drove healthcare utilization, while activity and participation restrictions drove satisfaction with services. Sexual dysfunction was the most severe health problem reported. These are correlations, not proof of cause.
• PTOTOther2025Beyond Arm Capacity in Chronic Stroke: Evaluating Paretic Arm Non-Use Through Arm Efficiency-A Cross-Sectional Study.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 30 adults after stroke, home use of the paretic arm matched a model based on arm efficiency better than a model based on arm capacity. A paretic-to-non-paretic Box and Block ratio predicted real-life arm use better than Fugl-Meyer or Wolf Motor Function Test.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Impact of a stroke care pathway on self-perceived health 3 months after stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMeeting stroke care time targets did not improve how patients rated their own health three months later. The study included mostly mild strokes, so it does not tell you whether these pathways help patients with severe deficits feel better.
• PTOTCohort2025Self-reported sleep disturbances and its determinants in people 1 year or more after stroke: A cross-sectional study.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationMore than half of stroke survivors reported sleep disturbances over a year after their stroke. Women and those using mobility devices reported significantly worse sleep. Factors like age, time since stroke, and stroke location were not linked to sleep quality, suggesting these disturbances persist long-term in specific groups.
• PTCase Report2025Case Report: Combination of focal vibration therapy and botulinum toxin injections to treat equinus gait in a child with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesIn one child with cerebral palsy, adding vibration therapy to standard care and botulinum toxin injections was associated with faster walking and less calf pain. The vibration effects seemed to disappear after the toxin injections, suggesting the two treatments may work through different mechanisms.
• PTOTCase-Control2024Prestroke Physical Activity Matters for Functional Limitations: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study of 12,860 Participants.Physical therapyPeople who were physically active before their stroke had fewer limitations in daily tasks like dressing and walking than those who were inactive. This protective effect of activity was stronger in stroke survivors than in matched adults who did not have a stroke.