TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 51 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTCase Report2023Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Mobility Training in Chronic Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report.Physical therapyOne man with chronic stroke improved walking speed and distance after pairing vagus nerve stimulation with home walking and biking. Speed peaked at 9 months, then returned near baseline by 41 months.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Resilience and adolescence-transition in youth with developmental disabilities and their families: a scoping review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesResilience in teens with neurodevelopmental disabilities relies on emotional regulation, social competence, and family support. Current interventions target these but miss key factors like self-advocacy and caregiver well-being. Online and group formats may improve accessibility.
• PTPilot2024Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit More Regular Center of Mass Accelerations After Physical Therapy.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAfter six weeks of physical therapy, people with multiple sclerosis showed more regular body movements during walking. However, their walking distance and speed did not improve enough to be considered clinically meaningful changes.
• PTOther2024External Validation of a Dynamic Prediction Model for Upper Limb Function After Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationThis stroke prediction model is not accurate enough to use at 2 weeks post-stroke or for patients with severe arm impairment. It works best for those with mild impairment and only when predictions are made 3 months after the stroke, limiting its early clinical usefulness.
• PTOTRCT2024360° immersive virtual reality-based mirror therapy for upper extremity function and satisfaction among stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineWith conventional physical therapy, 360° immersive mirror therapy improved upper limb movement more than traditional mirror therapy. Traditional mirror therapy did not improve the upper limb motor score more than conventional physical therapy alone. Patients liked the 360° version more.
• PTOTSLPPilot2024Feasibility of a Self-directed Upper Extremity Training Program to Promote Actual Arm Use for Individuals Living in the Community With Chronic Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationFifteen people with chronic stroke completed a self-directed home arm training program. While retention and safety were high, only a third met the daily practice duration target. Participants reported improved arm use and satisfaction, but the study was not designed to prove the training caused these changes.
• PTOTOther2024Accuracy of Video-Based Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation During Treadmill Walking Versus Overground Walking in Persons After Stroke.Physical therapySagittal video of overground walking tracked hip and knee motion more accurately than treadmill video. Treadmill video matched overground for step length and time but struggled with ankle angles and asymmetry. Use sagittal overground views for kinematics if space allows.
• PTNarrative Review2023Academy of Plant-based Physical Therapy: overdue to address a nutrition crisis with a transformative population approach.Journal of physical therapy scienceNo original study results are reported. This paper proposes a plant-based physical therapy specialty.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Concurrent validity of walking speed measured by a wearable sensor and a stopwatch during the 10-meter walk test in individuals with stroke.Gait & postureWearable sensors measured walking speeds about 0.07 m/s slower than a stopwatch in people with stroke. You cannot use these two methods interchangeably. If you switch tools mid-rehab, the drop in speed might be measurement error, not the patient getting worse.
• PTOTRCT2024A wearable system for visual cueing gait rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: a randomized non-inferiority trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineWearable knee-pad visual cues were not inferior to floor stripes for gait in Parkinson's. Both groups improved similarly on the primary outcome. The device was rated easy and motivating by most patients, supporting its use when floor cues are impractical.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Opioid prescription patterns among commercially insured children with and without cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineChildren with cerebral palsy were prescribed opioids more often and for more days than peers without CP. Median supply was 7 to 8 days annually. This pattern suggests acute pain management rather than chronic use, though overall exposure rates remain higher in the CP group.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Prevalence of dual sensory impairment in veterans: a rapid systematic review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesReported prevalence of dual sensory impairment in veterans varied widely from 5.0% to 34.6%. This inconsistency stems from different definitions and measurement methods, not necessarily true differences in risk.
• PTOTPilot2024Non-immersive virtual reality based treatment for children with unilateral cerebral palsy: Preliminary results.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineSix children with unilateral cerebral palsy accepted a non-immersive virtual reality upper-limb programme; some found it boring or tiring. Motor scores and daily hand use improved, but no control group means the VR treatment cannot be shown to cause the gains.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023Community-based physical activity interventions for adolescents and adults with complex cerebral palsy: A scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyCommunity exercise is safe for people with severe cerebral palsy. Across 17 studies, serious injuries were rare and dropouts low. Most pain or fatigue was minor and resolved quickly, suggesting therapists can confidently prescribe activity in community settings.
• PTSurvey2024Implementation of evidence-based interventions according to the Swedish National Guidelines for Strokecare: a nationwide survey among physiotherapists.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSwedish physiotherapists frequently provide high-priority stroke interventions like gait training, but delivery varies by setting. Municipal and primary care report the most barriers, including lack of time, resources, and knowledge, compared to hospital units.
• PTOTOther2024Extended reality to assess post-stroke manual dexterity: contrasts between the classic box and block test, immersive virtual reality with controllers, with hand-tracking, and mixed-reality tests.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVirtual and mixed-reality box-and-block tests correlate strongly with the traditional test in stroke survivors, but score lower. Hand-tracking and mixed-reality versions were rated as more usable and similar in difficulty to the classic test than the controller-based version.
• PTOTCohort2024Are tactile function and body awareness of the foot related to motor outcomes in children with upper motor neuron lesions?Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAssessing how well children with upper motor neuron lesions can locate touch on a foot diagram, rather than on their own foot, correlated with their walking ability and motor control. Simple touch threshold tests did not relate to motor outcomes.
• PTOTCohort2024Exploring the Major Barriers to Physical Activity in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Observational Longitudinal Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesLess active people with MS reported needing more family and friend support than active peers. Higher depression and fatigue scores linked to more perceived barriers. However, barrier scores did not predict whether someone hit standard step or activity thresholds.
• PTSystematic Review2024Safety of dry needling in stroke patients: a scoping review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineSafety data for dry needling in stroke patients is missing from most studies. Among the few that reported it, no serious adverse events occurred, but minor issues like bruising and pain were common. Most patients take blood thinners, a major risk factor often ignored.
• PTOTPilot2024Neck muscle spasticity in patients with disorder of consciousness: a pilot study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineNeck spasticity is very common in patients with severe brain injury and disorders of consciousness, affecting 91.7% of those studied. In patients who are unresponsive, severe neck stiffness predicted worse neurological and functional recovery after six months of rehabilitation.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2024The effects of visual skills training on cognitive and executive functions in stroke patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVisual skills training improved global cognition and daily living tasks, but showed only small effects on executive functions. The evidence is inconsistent and often confounded by other therapies, so do not assume visual training alone drives these gains.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Exploring the sexual experiences and challenges of individuals with cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineMost adults with cerebral palsy in this survey had sexual experience, but positioning difficulty and pain were common barriers. Participants reported that healthcare providers rarely discuss sexuality, despite a strong desire for body-positive guidance and practical solutions.
• PTOther2023HipScreen mobile app for the measurement of hip migration percentage in children with cerebral palsy: Accuracy, reliability, and discriminatory ability.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTrained users measured hip displacement risk in children with cerebral palsy with an average error of 5.72% versus an expert measurement, but the app correctly cleared only 66% of hips not above the 30% referral threshold.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Treatment of balance with Computerised Dynamic Posturography therapy in chronic hemiplegic patients.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdding computerized balance training to standard therapy did not improve overall balance scores in stroke patients with a history of falls. Only one specific sensory test score improved. Standard therapy alone produced similar changes, so the computer's added value is unproven.
• PTOTCase Report2024Use of an upright power wheelchair in spinal cord injury: a case series.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFour people with spinal cord injuries used a standing wheelchair for 12 weeks. It was safe and users felt stable and comfortable standing, but transferring was difficult. Bowel, bladder, and pain outcomes varied widely between individuals, with no consistent improvement.
• PTOTCohort2024Improved Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores after myoelectric arm orthosis use at home in chronic stroke: A retrospective study.Prosthetics and orthotics internationalIn 19 adults with chronic stroke, using a myoelectric arm orthosis at home was associated with a mean DASH score improvement of 18.07 points. Most participants reported better function, but this uncontrolled study cannot confirm the device caused the change.
• PTOTPilot2024A usability study on mobile EMG-guided wrist extension training in subacute stroke patients-MyoGuide.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSeven subacute stroke survivors rated a mobile EMG wrist-training app as good to excellent for usability. They liked the game and feedback, but most could not put the armband on or navigate the tablet alone, so home use needs better design and support.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Clinical outcomes associated with speech, language and swallowing difficulties post-stroke.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsDysphagia after stroke was linked to greater disability, and swallowing difficulty with aspiration was linked to poorer oral intake in 68 South African adults. Links with referral timing and aspiration pneumonia risk factors were not clear.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Prevalence and trends for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children living with cerebral palsy: A birds-eye view.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMost Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children with cerebral palsy live in urban or regional areas, but one in five are in remote locations. Birth prevalence declined recently, though not significantly, while preterm rates remained stable. This data supports culturally safe, accessible services in both city and remote settings.
• PTOther2024Effect of musical cues on gait in individuals with Parkinson disease with comorbid dementia.Gait & postureNo reliable evidence that music or mental singing cues improved gait speed, cadence, or stride length in people with Parkinson disease and dementia. Faster cues did not help; slower cues made walking slower.
• PTOTRCT2024Synergistic efficacy of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on central intermittent theta burst stimulation for upper limb function in patients with stroke: a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding peripheral magnetic stimulation to brain stimulation did not improve overall upper limb function more than brain stimulation alone. Both groups improved similarly. Only the combined group showed a significant gain in one grasp subtest, but this difference did not reach statistical significance when comparing the two groups directly.
• PTOTSystematic Review2024Evidence-based recommendations for the rehabilitation and management of the ageing population with spinal cord injury: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineMost spinal cord injury guidelines lack specific advice for older adults. The few recommendations that exist are mostly low-quality evidence, leaving major gaps in managing mobility, pain, and social participation for patients ageing with or acquiring SCI.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2023Neurological and vestibular findings in three cases of Multiple Sclerosis.CoDASThree women with MS showed varied vestibular signs. Two had central nystagmus and balance issues; one had altered dynamic balance. All had abnormal vHIT gains. These cases show MS can cause central vestibular dysfunction, but do not prove a treatment works.
• PTOTQualitative2024The meaningfulness of exploring one's own limits through interactions and enjoyment in outdoor high-intensity physiotherapy for people with multiple sclerosis: a qualitative study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesPeople with MS described the outdoor sessions in a multi-component physiotherapy programme as meaningful. They valued pushing limits with running/walking, detailed exercises, group support, outdoors and tailored physiotherapist interaction.
• PTOTCohort2024Minimal detectable change of gait and balance measures in older neurological patients: estimating the standard error of the measurement from before-after rehabilitation data thanks to the linear mixed-effects models.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationGait speed and total TUG time are reliable enough to track change in older neurological patients. Use a three-repetition protocol: discard the first, average the next two. A real change requires about 15% improvement or decline. Inertial sensor metrics for sit-to-walk and turning were too noisy to be useful.
• PTOther2024A novel biomechanical indicator for impaired ankle dorsiflexion function during walking in individuals with chronic stroke.Gait & postureIn chronic stroke, paretic ankle movement speed and acceleration during swing tracked walking ability better than foot clearance or ankle angle. They also stayed consistent across repeated testing.
• PTCohort2024Relationship between Timed Up and Go performance and quantitative biomechanical measures of balance.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesSlower Timed Up and Go times in chronic TBI were linked to longer reactive balance recovery times. This association was strongest in those with TUG scores of 10 seconds or more, suggesting the test reflects reactive balance deficits in more impaired individuals.
• PTOther2024Reliability and minimal detectable change of stiffness and other mechanical properties of the ankle joint in standing and walking.Gait & postureAnkle stiffness and viscosity measured via perturbation show good-to-excellent reliability in healthy adults during both standing and walking. Standing measurements had lower error margins, making them quicker and more stable, while walking offers functional insight but requires strict foot placement.
• PTOther2024Agreement Between the Gross Motor Ability Estimator-2 and the Gross Motor Ability Estimator-3 in Young Children With Cerebral Palsy.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationScores from the new smartphone app and the old desktop software matched closely in young children with cerebral palsy. Therapists can compare results across both systems without recalculating old scores, even for children with very low motor ability.
• PTSurvey2024Causation in cerebral palsy: Parental beliefs and associated emotions.Developmental medicine and child neurologyParents who thought lack of oxygen, brain damage or medical intervention during birth caused their child's CP were more likely to report anger and confusion. 92% said it was important to understand the cause.
• PTOTOther2024A portable system to measure knee extensor spasticity after spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTwo wireless sensors on the thigh and shin measured knee spasticity as accurately as lab cameras in people with spinal cord injury. The portable system matched clinical scores and held steady across days, offering a cheaper, simpler way to track changes over time.
• PTOTRCT2024Can cerebellar theta-burst stimulation improve balance function and gait in stroke patients? A randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineAdding cerebellar theta-burst stimulation to physical therapy improved balance, walking speed, and daily living independence more than physical therapy alone in stroke patients. Both groups improved, but the stimulation group showed greater gains in key walking metrics like stride length and velocity.
• PTOther2024Establishing the Reliability of The Step Test Evaluation of Performance on Stairs (STEPS) in Multiple Sclerosis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn adults with relapse-remitting MS, a 5-minute stair test scored consistently by therapists and tracked with walking tests and processing speed. Higher scores related to more active minutes later, but the small sample limits certainty.
• PTOTRCT2024Unsupervised robot-assisted rehabilitation after stroke: feasibility, effect on therapy dose, and user experience.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTwelve of thirteen subacute stroke inpatients used a hand robot unsupervised without safety issues. They averaged 77% attendance and added about 6 hours of therapy over two weeks. Usability scores did not drop when the therapist left the room.
• PTOTSystematic Review2024Assessments and interventions on body functions, structures and activity to prepare adults with acute spinal cord injury or disease for participation: a scoping review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesEarly therapy after spinal cord injury is safe and assessments like SCIM III and ISNCSCI are usable in the acute phase. However, evidence for specific interventions to improve muscle or hand function is weak, with trials showing no significant benefit over control groups.
• PTSystematic Review2024Devices used for photobiomodulation of the brain-a comprehensive and systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo standard brain photobiomodulation device or settings emerged across 97 studies. The most common reports used continuous red to infrared light to the front brain area, but reporting was inconsistent, so no optimal procedure can be recommended.
• PTOTOther2024Impaired proprioception and magnified scaling of proprioceptive error responses in chronic stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with chronic stroke have significantly impaired proprioception across a wide range of movement speeds and distances. They consistently misjudge slow movements as fast and fast movements as slow, and struggle most with short, slow tasks like brushing teeth.
• PTPilot2023Does the ankle affect knee hyperextension during gait in hemiparetic stroke? A pilot study.The South African journal of physiotherapyAnkle tests and gait video took about 20 minutes and were feasible, but in 12 post-stroke walkers the study could not show whether ankle function relates to knee hyperextension. Tibialis anterior tone linked to knee angles; only three had hyperextension.
• PTOTRCT2024Differences in Daily Activity Performance Between Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility and Home Among Stroke Survivors.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke survivors scored significantly worse on daily activities in their own homes than in the rehab facility, even just days before discharge. This gap suggests that facility-based tests overestimate real-world independence, particularly for stairs and bathing.
• PTOther2024Validity of an android device for assessing mobility in people with chronic stroke and hemiparesis: a cross-sectional study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA smartphone worn on the back during a timed mobility test showed movement differences in people with chronic stroke who could walk 10 m compared with healthy adults, including more side-to-side sway, less turning power, and longer reaction times.