TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 21 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTCohort2022Functional motor improvement during inpatient rehabilitation among older adults with traumatic brain injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationMost older adults with TBI in inpatient rehab made meaningful motor gains: 84.1% improved by at least nine points and 68.6% by 17 points on a 13-to-91 motor independence score. Lowest baseline scores could reach 17-point gains if stay exceeded 10 days.
• PTOTOther2022Changes in Internet Use Over Time Among Individuals with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationInternet use among people with traumatic spinal cord injury rose from 77.7% in 2012 to 88.1% in 2018, and mobile internet use rose from 40.7% to 77.3%, though age, income, education and injury level gaps remained.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Spatial neglect treatment: The brain's spatial-motor Aiming systems.Neuropsychological rehabilitationPatients with 'Aiming' spatial neglect (movement initiation deficits) improved on functional tasks with bromocriptine or prism adaptation. Those with 'Where' deficits (perceptual/attentional) did not. Standard paper-and-pencil tests miss this distinction, potentially hiding treatment responders.
• PTOTRCT2021Using a bimanual lever-driven wheelchair for arm movement practice early after stroke: A pilot, randomized, controlled, single-blind trial.Clinical rehabilitationAdding 30 minutes of daily bimanual lever-wheelchair training did not significantly improve arm recovery compared to standard exercises. The primary outcome showed no difference, though feasibility data suggests it can increase movement volume without increasing pain or tone.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Predictors of nasogastric tube removal in patients with stroke and dysphagia.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationA four-item model using admission Barthel score, lip closure, ability to answer simple questions, and pre-stroke independence predicted nasogastric tube removal. A score above the cutoff had 85.45% sensitivity and 73.44% positive predictive value for returning to oral feeding.
• PTOTRCT2021Boxing vs Sensory Exercise for Parkinson's Disease: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairSensory exercise improved Parkinson's motor symptoms and gait, with benefits lasting after the program stopped. Boxing worsened motor scores during the same period. Both groups reported better quality of life, but only sensory exercise showed objective clinical improvement that persisted.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Beyond Physical Capacity: Factors Associated With Real-world Walking Activity After Stroke.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStroke survivors with higher walking speed, balance confidence, cognitive scores, and lower area deprivation walked significantly more daily steps. Those in the highest activity class had the fastest speed, highest confidence, and best cognition. Assessing these factors, not just physical capacity, may help target interventions to increase real-world walking.
• PTOTCohort2022Efficacy of a Remote Train-the-Trainer Model for Wheelchair Skills Training Administered by Clinicians: A Cohort Study With Pre- vs Posttraining Comparisons.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationRemote train-the-trainer methods significantly improved clinician confidence in assessing and teaching wheelchair skills. Trainees who received in-person coaching from these newly trained clinicians showed significant gains in both wheelchair skill capacity and confidence, demonstrating that this model effectively transmits clinical teaching skills.
• PTOTRCT2022Effectiveness of a Web-Based Direct-to-User Transfer Training Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe web-based transfer training did not clearly beat the waitlist group's change. Transfer quality improved after training plus repeated self-assessments and stayed higher at 1 month.
• PTOTPilot2021Objectively-assessed physical activity and self-reported activity pacing in adults with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study.Clinical rehabilitationPeople with multiple sclerosis who reported using more activity pacing had lower overall physical activity levels and less daily fluctuation in their activity. This contradicts the hypothesis that pacing increases activity, suggesting it may currently function as a way to limit movement due to fatigue.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Perceived Injustice After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationPerceived injustice levels were low and similar in mild brain injury and ankle fracture groups. However, feeling that the injury was unfair or permanent correlated strongly with more postconcussion, depressive, and stress symptoms in the brain injury group.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Practical guidance on use of TEARS-Q to diagnose post-stroke emotionalism.Clinical rehabilitationA self-report questionnaire for post-stroke emotionalism uses three score ranges to guide care. Scores of 0-1 rule out the condition, 6-16 confirm it, and 2-5 require a full interview. This triage reduced the need for detailed assessment to just 9% of the sample.
• PTOTCohort2022Lateral Corticospinal Tract and Dorsal Column Damage: Predictive Relationships With Motor and Sensory Scores at Discharge From Acute Rehabilitation After Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationMRI measures of spared spinal cord tissue at about one month post-injury predicted motor and sensory function at discharge from rehab. More spared lateral corticospinal tract tissue correlated with better leg strength, and more spared dorsal column tissue correlated with better light touch sensation.
• OTCohort2022Examining the Item-Level Factor Structure of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version Within a Traumatic Brain Injury Sample.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version does not support its nine specific subscale scores in people with TBI. Only the two broad index scores and two newly identified traits (Behavioral Control and Emotional Control) accurately reflect the test items.
• PTOTOther2021Self-Directed Exergaming for Stroke Upper Limb Impairment Increases Exercise Dose Compared to Standard Care.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke patients using a self-directed exergaming device doubled their daily upper limb exercise time and increased repetitions eightfold compared to standard therapy. The device was safe and acceptable, but this small study proves feasibility, not functional recovery.
• PTOTPilot2021Inertial Measurement Unit-Derived Ergonomic Metrics for Assessing Arm Use in Manual Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury: A Preliminary Report.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitationManual wheelchair users with shoulder tendon damage showed more frequent and longer overhead arm use compared to those whose shoulders remained stable. However, wheelchair users overall spent more time resting than able-bodied people, contradicting the expectation that they lacked recovery time.
• PTOTOther2021Development and Validation of Crosswalks Between FIM® and SCIM III for Voluntary Musculoskeletal Movement Functions.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairThe conversion methods met the main validation standard for FIM and SCIM III voluntary movement scores in spinal cord injury. The Rasch and equipercentile methods performed better on additional checks than the expert panel method.
• PTOTOther2021Physical activity and self-reported sleep quality in adults with multiple sclerosis.Disability and health journalMore moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was weakly linked to better self-reported sleep quality in adults with multiple sclerosis. Sedentary behavior and light activity showed no association. The overall model explained very little of the variance in sleep scores.
• PTOTCohort2021Self-Reported and Objective Sleep Measures in Stroke Survivors With Incomplete Motor Recovery at the Chronic Stage.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairChronic stroke survivors report worse sleep and spend more time awake overnight than healthy controls. However, sleep quality does not correlate with upper limb motor impairment or time since stroke. Depressive symptoms are a stronger predictor of perceived sleep problems than physical disability.
• PTOTCohort2021Association of Lifetime TBI and Military Employment with Late Life ADL Functioning: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationOlder adults with a past head injury involving loss of consciousness reported more difficulties with daily activities at study entry than those without such injury. However, the rate at which these difficulties increased over time was not significantly different between the groups.
• OTCohort2021Age- and sex-specific predictors of inpatient rehabilitation facility discharge destination for adult patients with traumatic brain injury.Brain injuryOlder adults with TBI were discharged home less often than younger adults: 80% versus 89%. No consistent patient or facility factors explained much of this pattern.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Challenges of Estimating Accurate Prevalence of Arm Weakness Early After Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairEstimates of arm weakness after stroke vary widely depending on how and when you measure it. A SAFE score at two days found 40% weakness, while an NIHSS score at admission found 59%. The 70% figure often cited is outdated and method-dependent.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Recovery of Visuospatial Neglect Subtypes and Relationship to Functional Outcome Six Months After Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAllocentric neglect predicts poor long-term function, but unlike egocentric neglect, its severity does not predict recovery. Patients with allocentric deficits may not improve proportionally to their initial loss. Standardised screening for allocentric errors is needed to identify those most at risk for chronic impairment.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Daily Variation in Sleep Quality is Associated With Health-Related Quality of Life in People With Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationFor people with spinal cord injury, sleeping well one night predicts feeling less pain, fatigue, and brain fog the next morning, but this effect fades by afternoon. Weekly sleep quality predicts overall health-related quality of life, but daily sleep duration does not.
• PTOTCohort2022Accuracy of an Algorithm in Predicting Upper Limb Functional Capacity in a United States Population.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn 49 US stroke patients, a simple upper limb prediction algorithm was better than chance but less accurate than expected. It was most uncertain for people with little initial arm strength.
• PTOTCohort2022How Do Fluctuations in Pain, Fatigue, Anxiety, Depressed Mood, and Perceived Cognitive Function Relate to Same-Day Social Participation in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury?Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationOn days when people with spinal cord injury had more fatigue, depressed mood, or worse perceived cognitive function than usual, they reported less social participation. Pain and anxiety did not show same-day links; people with more pain overall participated less.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2021Primary Melanocytomas of the Spinal Cord: Case Studies and Rehabilitation Perspectives.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationPatients with rare spinal cord tumors had functional gains after surgery and inpatient rehabilitation, but no comparison group means these cases cannot show rehabilitation caused the gains.
• PTOTSurvey2021Fatigue in men and women who have returned to work after stroke: Assessed with the Fatigue Severity Scale and Mental Fatigue Scale.Journal of rehabilitation medicineWomen who returned to work after stroke reported significantly more fatigue than men. Most men did not find that exercise worsened their fatigue, suggesting physical activity is not a common barrier to recovery for this group.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2021Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with robotic therapy for upper and lower limb function after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding tDCS to robotic therapy did not improve upper limb function compared to sham stimulation. Secondary outcomes including strength, spasticity, independence, and velocity also showed no significant difference between groups.
• PTOTCohort2021Correlation of N30 somatosensory evoked potentials with spasticity and neurological function after stroke: A cross-sectional study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke patients missing a specific brain response (N30 SEP) had worse wrist spasticity and upper-limb function. Combining this response with motor evoked potentials better predicted arm recovery than either test alone, but not hand dexterity. This offers a potential marker for proximal limb prognosis.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Repetitive Traumatic Brain Injury Among Older Adults.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationOlder adults with a first head injury face a 3% annual risk of a second one. Epilepsy, dementia, Parkinson's, depression, and atrial fibrillation significantly raise this risk. These factors should trigger aggressive fall prevention and close monitoring for further head trauma.
• PTOTQualitative2021Clinicians' perceptions of a potential wearable device for capturing upper limb activity post-stroke: a qualitative focus group study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTherapists said a wearable sensor must capture both how much and how well a patient uses their arm, not just repetition counts. They saw value in using it outside clinic hours for self-monitoring and motivation, provided the device is easy to set up and fits individual client needs.
• OTRCT2021Effects of Peer Mentoring for Caregivers of Patients With Acquired Brain Injury: A Preliminary Investigation of Efficacy.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationPeer mentoring did not increase caregiver participation in support services, but it significantly reduced caregiver stress at discharge and 30 days. The study was small and interrupted by the pandemic, so these results suggest a potential benefit that needs confirmation.
• PTOTCohort2021Upper Limb Performance in Daily Life Approaches Plateau Around Three to Six Weeks Post-stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairUpper limb use in daily life plateaued 3-6 weeks post-stroke, before impairment or capacity stabilized. This suggests motor habits form early. Clinicians should assess actual arm use, not just clinical test scores, to guide timely behavioral interventions.
• PTOTOther2021Muscle activation strategies of people with early-stage Parkinson's during walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with early-stage Parkinson's showed significantly higher muscle co-activation, lower modulation, and greater asymmetry in ankle muscles during walking compared to controls. These differences were present even in those with low clinical gait scores, suggesting wearable sensors may detect subtle gait impairment earlier than standard observation.
• PTOTPilot2021Home-based self-help telerehabilitation of the upper limb assisted by an electromyography-driven wrist/hand exoneuromusculoskeleton after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationEleven chronic stroke survivors used a home EMG-driven wrist/hand exoskeleton for 20 sessions. All completed training with no adverse events. Motor control, muscle coordination, and movement smoothness improved significantly, but daily activity independence scores did not change.
• PTOTOther2021Coupling of shoulder joint torques in individuals with chronic stroke mirrors controls, with additional non-load-dependent negative effects in a combined-torque task.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo stroke-specific difference appeared in how shoulder rotation changed with load. Stroke arms were weaker and produced less torque overall, possibly because of background muscle tone rather than abnormal synergy.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Comparison of attention process training and activity-based attention training after acquired brain injury: A randomized controlled study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAttention Process Training (APT) improved specific work skills like mental energy and organization more than Activity-based Attention Training (ABAT). However, both groups improved similarly in daily life satisfaction and general work ability, so neither approach proved superior for overall occupational outcomes.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Which Balance Evaluation Systems Test sections best distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status?Journal of rehabilitation medicineThe Stability in Gait section of the BESTest best identifies stroke patients who can walk in the community. A score of 73.8% on this section accurately distinguishes limited from unlimited community walkers. Other sections help identify those restricted to household walking.
• PTOTCohort2021Effectiveness of Adjunct Robotic Therapy With a Patient-Guided Suspension System for Stroke Rehabilitation Using a 7-Days-a-Week Model of Care: A Comparison With Conventional Rehabilitation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAdding robotic gait training to usual care did not improve the main functional outcome or length of stay. However, it significantly improved walking assistance levels, with patients needing less physical help by discharge. Most patients found the therapy safe and satisfying.
• OTOther2021Cognitive Correlates of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Performance in Parkinson Disease Without Dementia.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationPeople with Parkinson disease without dementia needed more cueing and took longer on complex daily tasks, even when standard cognitive test scores were similar. Real task testing may reveal problems that standard tests miss.
• PTOTCohort2021High Rates of Vitamin D Deficiency in Acute Rehabilitation Patients.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSeventy-six percent of patients admitted to acute inpatient rehabilitation had low vitamin D levels, with 47% classified as deficient. Younger patients were significantly more likely to be deficient than older ones. This suggests acute rehab patients are an at-risk group for vitamin D deficiency.
• PTOTCohort2021Association between pre-stroke physical activity and mobility and walking ability in the early subacute phase: A registry-based study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePre-stroke physical activity was not significantly associated with better mobility or walking recovery in the early subacute phase. Both active and inactive patients improved similarly during stroke unit care. Do not expect higher pre-stroke fitness to guarantee faster functional recovery.
• PTOTPilot2021Electromyography Recordings Detect Muscle Activity Before Observable Contractions in Acute Stroke Care.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationWireless EMG sensors detected muscle contractions in all 21 acute stroke patients, including 11 with no observable arm movement. In that group, most contractions had no movement, and whether they were voluntary is unknown.
• PTOTOther2021Associations between upper extremity functioning and kinematics in people with spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 25 people with spinal cord injury, how they drank from a cup tracked closely with clinical arm tests. Wrist position, slow movement, and choppy movement explained most test scores; hand position sense added useful information.
• PTOTRCT2021Repetitive Peripheral Sensory Stimulation as an Add-On Intervention for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke: A Randomized Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAdding sensory stimulation to electrical stimulation, task training, and home practice did not improve primary upper-limb motor function more than sham. Both groups improved on the Wolf Motor Function Test.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Within-subject variation in the cognitive timed up and go test as an explanatory variable in fall risk in patients with parkinson's disease.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn Parkinson's disease, greater within-session variation in the cognitive Timed Up and Go test time strongly predicts recurrent falls. A cut-off of 1.53 seconds identified recurrent fallers with acceptable accuracy. Single-trial testing may miss this risk signal.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021The Association Between Concussion History and Increased Symptom Severity Reporting Is Independent of Common Medical Comorbidities, Personality Factors, and Sleep Quality in Collegiate Athletes.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationCollegiate athletes with more prior concussions reported higher symptom severity and distress, even after accounting for sleep quality and personality. Orthopedic injury history did not show this link, suggesting the symptoms reflect brain injury effects rather than general physical trauma.
• PTOTCohort2021Cognitive Function is a Predictor of the Daily Step Count in Patients With Subacute Stroke With Independent Walking Ability: A Prospective Cohort Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAmong subacute stroke patients who could walk independently, lower cognitive scores on admission predicted fewer daily steps at discharge. Physical measures like walking speed and motor function were not significant predictors in the final model.
• PTOTCohort2021Prism Adaptation Treatment Improves Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcome in Individuals With Spatial Neglect: A Retrospective Matched Control Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn matched patients with spatial neglect, those who received prism adaptation did not reach clinically important gains or go home more often, though total and cognitive functional independence scores were higher.