TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 17 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTRCT2020Effects of robot viscous forces on arm movements in chronic stroke survivors: a randomized crossover study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 13 chronic stroke survivors, only a robot force that assisted movement made reaching faster while it was on. Speed did not stay faster after it stopped, and resisting or rewarding speed did not increase speed.
• PTOTRCT2020Development of the Home based Virtual Rehabilitation System (HoVRS) to remotely deliver an intense and customized upper extremity training.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFifteen people with chronic stroke used a home virtual reality system for three months. Their upper limb function scores improved by an average of 5.2 points, exceeding the clinically important difference. The system was feasible, with participants averaging 13.5 hours of use and few technical issues.
• PTOTCase Report2020Portable neuromodulation induces neuroplasticity to re-activate motor function recovery from brain injury: a high-density MEG case study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA man with severe brain injury and a long-standing walking plateau stood for 20 minutes with minimal assistance after 14 weeks of physiotherapy plus tongue stimulation. His sitting balance scores improved substantially. This is a single case, so it does not prove the device works.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Validation of ICD-10-CM surveillance codes for traumatic brain injury inpatient hospitalizations.Brain injuryInpatient records coded for skull fractures alone often do not represent true traumatic brain injury, with a positive predictive value of 15.8%. Records coded for intracranial injury were far more accurate, confirming TBI in 96.9% of cases when listed as the primary diagnosis.
• PTOTCohort2021Impact of rehabilitation start time on functional outcomes after stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStarting stroke rehabilitation on day 1 or 2 was linked to better discharge outcomes than starting later. For haemorrhagic stroke specifically, starting on day 1 was worse than day 2. This is an observational association, not proof that timing causes the difference.
• PTOTRCT2021Effect of combined home-based, overground robotic-assisted gait training and usual physiotherapy on clinical functional outcomes in people with chronic stroke: A randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationAdding a home-based robotic leg orthosis to usual physiotherapy improved walking distance and balance in chronic stroke survivors. These gains persisted 12 weeks after the device was removed. The robotic device alone cannot be credited as the sole cause, as all participants also received standard care.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Characterizing health care utilization following hospitalization for a traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cohort study.Brain injuryOne year after hospitalization for traumatic brain injury, 26% to 30% of patients were superutilizers of emergency, inpatient, or outpatient care. These patients accounted for 60% to 81% of all visits in those settings. Prior healthcare use and comorbidities strongly predicted this high utilization.
• PTOTRCT2020Intensive upper extremity training improved whole body movement control for children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.Gait & postureHABIT improved tray-carrying symmetry but not walking. CIMT improved walking speed and stride length but not tray symmetry. Both improved toe clearance. Neither approach fixed both hand and leg problems, so choose the intervention based on the specific deficit you want to treat.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Differential effects of deployment and nondeployment mild TBI on neuropsychological outcomes.Rehabilitation psychologyVeterans with mild TBI during deployment showed lower attention and processing speed than those with non-deployment TBI. However, all group scores remained in the average range. Most veterans with deployment TBI had intact cognition, though PTSD drove stronger behavioral health symptoms.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Effect of a comprehensive eRehabilitation intervention alongside conventional stroke rehabilitation on disability and health-related quality of life: A pre-post comparison.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdding eRehabilitation to standard stroke care showed no benefit in the first 3 months. Between 3 and 6 months, the intervention group had slightly better communication and strength scores than controls, but these changes were too small to be clinically meaningful.
• PTOTOther2021Sensor-based categorization of upper limb performance in daily life of persons with and without neurological upper limb deficits.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesWrist accelerometer data from 211 adults grouped daily upper-limb use into 5 categories, from Minimal Activity/Rare Integration to High Activity/Full Integration. People with stroke appeared in all categories, while clinic arm capacity scores overlapped widely across them.
• PTOTCohort2020Day-to-Day Variability of Walking Performance Measures in Individuals Poststroke and Individuals With Parkinson Disease.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTPeople who walk more each day have larger swings in their step counts from one day to the next. For someone averaging 5,000 steps, daily variation can exceed 2,300 steps. Clinicians need multiple days of data to distinguish real improvement from normal fluctuation.
• PTOTOther2020Slip-Fall Predictors in Community-Dwelling, Ambulatory Stroke Survivors: A Cross-sectional Study.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTIn community-dwelling stroke survivors, a combination of dynamic gait stability, Timed Up and Go time, and hip extensor strength predicted who would fall when a slip was simulated. A 13-second TUG time and hip extensor strength below 106 Nm were key cutoffs.
• PTOTOther2021Measuring freezing of gait during daily-life: an open-source, wearable sensors approach.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA wearable sensor algorithm detects freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease with good accuracy for episodes lasting two seconds or more, but it is unreliable for very brief episodes. In daily life, people who reported freezing spent more time freezing and turned less completely than those who did not.
• OTSurvey2021Associations between frequent pain or headaches and neurobehavioral symptoms by gender and TBI severity.Brain injuryAdults with TBI reported more frequent symptoms overall. Adults with frequent pain or headaches reported more mood, fatigue, and thinking symptoms. Women reported pain most often, and transgender or other gender participants reported the most mood and fatigue symptoms.
• PTOTOther2020People with Parkinson disease with and without freezing of gait respond similarly to external and self-generated cues.Gait & postureListening to music increased walking variability in all groups, while mental singing did not. People with Parkinson's and freezing of gait responded like those without freezing. Those with the highest baseline variability improved the most when cued.
• PTOTRCT2021Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on posture, movement planning, and execution during standing voluntary reach following stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCathodal stimulation over premotor areas did not improve the startle-related posture response in stroke patients. It reduced it at both tested sound timings, while stimulation over motor cortex increased it only at 500 ms before the go cue.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Optimizing Recruitment Strategies and Physician Engagement for Stroke Recovery Research.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTA 'customer service' recruitment model using physician champions and trained student recruiters raised stroke trial enrollment from 6% to 19%. Early face-to-face contact and consistent communication streamlined screening and retention without requiring new medical devices.
• PTOTRCT2021Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of an intensified robot-assisted therapy in subacute stroke: a case control study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding intensive robot-assisted arm training to standard inpatient rehabilitation did not improve upper limb function more than standard care alone in subacute stroke patients. Both groups improved significantly, but the extra training offered no clinical advantage over the conventional therapy they already received.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021Brain activity during real-time walking and with walking interventions after stroke: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationBrain imaging during real-time walking in stroke survivors shows increased activity in motor and planning areas compared to standing, but findings vary widely by walking phase. Activation patterns are inconsistent when compared to healthy adults, and no single brain region reliably predicts walking recovery.
• OTRCT2021Does rTMS Targeting Contralesional S1 Enhance Upper Limb Somatosensory Function in Chronic Stroke? A Proof-of-Principle Study.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairHigh-frequency brain stimulation to the side opposite the stroke, paired with sensory stimulation to the affected hand, made affected-arm two-point discrimination 1.187 mm better versus sham. Other clinical sensory tests did not change.
• PTOTRCT2021Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Cardiopulmonary Responses and Predictors of Change in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationEight weeks of cycling did not significantly improve peak oxygen consumption, but both exercise groups improved submaximal aerobic capacity compared to controls. Younger participants with lower baseline fitness who cycled at higher speeds showed the greatest gains.
• PTOTOther2021Implementation of evidence-based assessment of upper extremity in stroke rehabilitation: From evidence to clinical practice.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke therapists implemented a new upper extremity assessment guideline. Short screening tests were adopted quickly, but the comprehensive Fugl-Meyer test required significant training time. Adherence to strict assessment timelines remained difficult due to workload and staff rotation.
• PTOTRCT2021Robot enhanced stroke therapy optimizes rehabilitation (RESTORE): a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNine patients with subacute stroke completed 10 days of robotic therapy on top of standard care. They showed significant improvements in motor and function scores compared to baseline, while the control group showed minimal change.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2021"Just tell me in a simple way": A qualitative study on opportunities to improve the transition from acute hospital care to home from the perspectives of patients with traumatic brain injury, families, and providers.Clinical rehabilitationPatients and families recovering from traumatic brain injury at home want simple, written education on symptoms and recovery phases, plus clear timelines for discharge. They also need a coordinated plan for follow-up care. Therapists can support this by providing plain-language materials and helping map out post-discharge goals.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2021Effectiveness of specialized rehabilitation after mild traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSpecialized brain injury rehabilitation reduced post-concussion symptoms compared with usual care. Cognitive behavioral therapy and interdisciplinary programmes showed small benefits for mood and activity. Evidence quality was low because participants knew which treatment they received, so effects may be exaggerated.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Factors associated with stroke survivors' inconsistent uptake of physiotherapy interventions at Turton Community Health Centre, KwaZulu-Natal.The South African journal of physiotherapyStroke survivors who did not feel they were improving with exercises were significantly less likely to attend physiotherapy appointments. Transport costs and lack of family support also hindered attendance, but statistical links to these factors were not significant.
• PTOTPilot2020Biodex© training post-stroke for postural stability in the upper trunk: A pilot study.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdding Biodex upper-limb weight-bearing training to standard stroke rehabilitation did not improve upper trunk postural stability more than standard care alone in this pilot. Both groups improved over the month, so the Biodex added no extra measurable benefit.
• PTOTCase-Control2021Mild Stroke Affects Pointing Movements Made in Different Frames of Reference.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPeople with mild stroke could not keep their hand path steady when their trunk was unexpectedly blocked while reaching, in both body-centered and external space. Healthy adults adjusted instantly; stroke survivors diverged early. This points to a motor planning deficit missed by standard impairment scores.
• PTOTRCT2021Effects of wearable ankle robotics for stair and over-ground training on sub-acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding 20 sessions of stair and over-ground training with a powered ankle robot to standard care improved walking speed more than standard care alone. The powered mode also allowed patients to walk faster and climb more steps during the training itself compared to a passive locking mode.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Investigating the feasibility of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation to facilitate post-stroke overground gait performance in chronic stroke: a partial least-squares regression approach.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA single session of cerebellar brain stimulation was tolerated by ten men with chronic stroke. It did not improve clinical walking speed or balance. However, it changed specific timing patterns in gait, with one stimulation setup speeding up steps on the affected side while slowing stance on the unaffected side.
• PTOTSLPCohortSuccessful Community Discharge Among Older Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury in Skilled Nursing Facilities.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationFor older adults with TBI in skilled nursing facilities, discharge home depends on function, not injury severity. Cognitive impairment, dependence in daily activities, incontinence, and dual Medicare/Medicaid enrollment predict failure to discharge home. Traditional injury scores like GCS do not.
• OTSLPSurvey2021Disability and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPeople with chronic moderate-severe TBI reported fewer pandemic-related changes to daily life, habits, and well-being than noninjured peers. They also reported less frequent masking and staying home, while some said TBI made the pandemic harder.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021Comorbidity in traumatic brain injury and functional outcomes: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineMost studies found that having additional medical or psychiatric conditions alongside traumatic brain injury predicts poorer recovery. However, results were inconsistent across conditions, and standard comorbidity scores often failed to capture this impact.
• PTOTPilot2020A Pilot Study of the Feasibility and Effects of Table Tennis Training in Parkinson Disease.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTable tennis training was safe and feasible for people with mild to moderate Parkinson disease, with high attendance and no adverse events. Balance scores showed a non-significant increase, while depression scores and self-reported activity levels significantly improved.
• PTOTSystematic Review2020The Effect of Caregiver-Mediated Mobility Interventions in Hospitalized Patients on Patient, Caregiver, and Health System Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTeaching caregivers to help hospitalized patients move improved patient independence and reduced caregiver burden. Interventions that also encouraged collaboration with staff reduced length of stay. Evidence is low quality because blinding was impossible and studies varied widely.
• PTOTOther2020Implementing a Pain Assessment Survey and Team Approach Method to Effectively Assess and Treat Pain in Poststroke Patients.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAdding a pain survey to admission and using a team approach meant all poststroke patients were discharged pain free. Without it, 31.7% left with pain. This suggests systematic assessment triggers effective treatment, though the study lacked a control group.
• PTOTOther2021Does gait bout definition influence the ability to discriminate gait quality between people with and without multiple sclerosis during daily life?Gait & postureChanging how long a pause defines the end of a walking bout alters gait quantity counts but not quality metrics like speed or stride length. For clinicians using wearable data, quality measures remain stable across different bout definitions.
• PTOTPilot2021Cardiovascular Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Bimanual Training in Children With Cerebral Palsy.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationCombining brain stimulation with hand therapy did not improve heart rate or blood pressure control in children with cerebral palsy. The study was too small to confirm any benefit, and the treatment did not change autonomic function as hypothesized.
• PTOTSystematic Review2020To stimulate or not to stimulate? A rapid systematic review of repetitive sensory stimulation for the upper-limb following stroke.Archives of physiotherapyRepetitive sensory stimulation showed immediate gains in grip and hand function in small trials, but these benefits did not persist after weeks of treatment. There is no evidence to support its routine use for upper-limb recovery after stroke.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Effect of Early Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation for Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationEarly interdisciplinary rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury showed no clear overall benefit. Some studies reported better function or cognition, but the review included only four low-quality studies and found no strong evidence.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Evaluation of an Interdisciplinary Screening Program for People With Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAn interdisciplinary screening program for Parkinson’s disease was feasible and sustainable. It identified high fall risk and soft speech, leading to 98% of participants being referred to rehabilitation services, though only half started care within the system.
• PTOTCohort2021Comparison of forward and backward postural perturbations in mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease.Gait & posturePeople with Parkinson's disease showed no difference from controls in the number of steps taken to recover balance after backward or forward perturbations. However, a detailed analysis of body sway identified a distinct difference during forward stepping, suggesting subtle motor control issues that standard step counts miss.
• PTOTCohort2020Relation of chair rising ability to activities of daily living and physical activity in Parkinson's disease.Archives of physiotherapyParkinson's patients who need to push off the chair with their arms have significantly lower independence and physical activity than those who rise normally. This simple observation helps identify who needs extra support, though it reflects existing decline rather than predicting future loss.
• PTOTPilot2020The SitLess With MS Program: Intervention Feasibility and Change in Sedentary Behavior.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationA 15-week telerehabilitation program helped people with MS reduce daily sitting time by about 48 minutes. Participants found it acceptable and feasible, with no increase in fatigue, though the study lacked a control group to confirm the intervention caused the change.
• PTOTSLPCase Series2020Complications After Dual Placement of a Baclofen Pump and Ventricular Shunt in Individuals With Severe Brain Injury.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn 9 patients with severe brain injury who received both a baclofen pump and a ventricular shunt, 8 experienced complications. Most issues occurred within 4 days of the second implant. The authors recommend testing the first system, starting baclofen slowly, and monitoring closely.
• PTOTOther2020Effects of Visual Feedback During Recumbent Stepping in Individuals With Chronic Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationEleven people with chronic stroke improved sit-to-stand speed and fast-walking stride length after eight sessions on a recumbent stepper that displayed real-time left-right effort. Because there was no control group, it is impossible to say whether the visual feedback itself caused these gains.
• PTOTCohort2020Kinematic Measures of Bimanual Performance are Associated With Callosum White Matter Change in People With Chronic Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn chronic stroke, poorer bimanual movement quality links to reduced integrity in the corpus callosum, not the main motor tract. This suggests the brain's bridge between hemispheres drives coordination problems, offering a specific target for bimanual therapy.
• PTOTOther2021Validation of IMU-based gait event detection during curved walking and turning in older adults and Parkinson's Disease patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationShank-mounted sensors accurately detect foot contacts during straight and curved walking in older adults and people with Parkinson's or stroke. Detection fails during turns, missing many steps and creating false ones. Do not trust sensor data from turning without manual checks.
• OTCohort2020Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Multimorbidity in Adults With Acquired Brain Injury at Admission to Staged Community-Based Rehabilitation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation72.2% of adults entering staged community brain injury rehabilitation had a chronic condition, and 35.4% had conditions across two or more body systems. Older age was the only factor linked to conditions affecting multiple body systems.