Validity and sensitivity of instrumented postural and gait assessment using low-cost devices in Parkinson's disease.
Ignacio Álvarez, Jorge Latorre, Miquel Aguilar and 2 others
PMID 33176833WHAT IT FOUND
Low-cost balance and Kinect camera tests found more sway in Parkinson's and tracked clinical walking scores, but early-stage patients looked better than controls.
Use them as complements, not replacements.
Key findings
01When all participants with Parkinson's disease were analyzed together, only sway differed from healthy controls; limits of stability and gait variables did not show statistically significant differences.
02When grouped by H&Y stage, the H&Y II group had the worst performance across postural and gait measurements, while the H&Y I-I.5 group outperformed healthy controls.
03Instrumented gait measures during single-task walking, except stride width, showed significant correlations with clinical scales, with the strongest interactions for the 10-m Walking Test.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTs
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What it does not show
This was a convenience sample from one hospital, so the findings may not apply to other clinics or populations. Only 6 participants were at H&Y II.5 and only 2 were at H&Y I.5, which were merged into the H&Y I group, so stage-specific findings are unstable. All participants had to walk 5 m without assistance, had no dyskinesia and no significant cognitive impairment, so people with more advanced or cognitively impaired Parkinson's disease were not represented. Healthy controls were recruited mainly from relatives and caregivers, which may have made the control group different from a general healthy population. Data from 3 healthy participants during dual-task gait could not be retrieved and were not included in the analysis. The devices tested were discontinued, so the exact hardware may not be available for current practice. The authors suggest that the H&Y I-I.5 group performing better than controls may reflect compensation or the Hawthorne effect, not a true clinical advantage.
Declared interests
The work was funded by Fundació la Marató de TV3, the European Commission and Alter Laboratories.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that these devices are a ready-made clinic test for Parkinson's disease. The H&Y I-I.5 group performed better than healthy controls, and the devices tested are discontinued, so current hardware and further validation are needed.