PTOtherPhysiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy2025

Upper Limb Function 3 Months Post-Stroke: How Accurate Are Physiotherapist Predictions?

Sara Kjær Bastholm, Iris Charlotte Brunner, Camilla Biering Lundquist

PMID 40166834

WHAT IT FOUND

Physiotherapists correctly predicted upper limb recovery in 41% of stroke patients.

Predictions were often too pessimistic, missing actual recovery in 40% of cases. Accuracy did not significantly improve with seniority or further education. Standardized prediction models may offer better guidance than experience alone.

Key findings

01The overall correct classification rate for physiotherapist predictions was 41%, meaning they accurately predicted the recovery category for 33 of 81 patients.

02Predictions were frequently too pessimistic, with actual function exceeding the predicted level in 40% of patients, while being too optimistic in only 20%.

03There was no statistically significant improvement in prediction accuracy based on the physiotherapists' years of experience or number of continuing education courses.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTs

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What it does not show

The study used a non-validated survey for PT predictions, though categories were based on the validated ARAT scale. The sample size was relatively small (81 patients), limiting the power to detect differences related to seniority or education. Participants were selected from inpatient rehabilitation, which may limit generalizability to community or outpatient settings. The comparison to prediction models was indirect (comparing this study's results to a previous study's algorithm results), not a head-to-head trial.

Declared interests

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

The easy way to misread this

Do not interpret the 41% accuracy as evidence that physiotherapists are poor at predicting recovery. The study shows that predictions are highly accurate for extreme outcomes (good or poor recovery) but difficult for mid-range outcomes. The high rate of 'too pessimistic' predictions suggests clinicians may underestimate recovery potential rather than simply being inaccurate.

Read it on PubMed →