Translation and Validation of the Japanese Version of the Dialysis Patient-Perceived Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale.

Participants came from 12 facilities that agreed to take part, so the sample may not represent all dialysis services in Japan. The study excluded people with severe physical or mental health conditions or cognitive impairment that affected questionnaire completion, so it says little about more severely ill or cognitively impaired patients. Physical activity was measured by self-report, which can be affected by memory and wanting to answer favourably. The study did not test whether scores stay stable over time or change after an intervention. The exploratory factor analysis did not fully reproduce the original factor structure, with four items loading differently. The study did not test whether the scale predicts later exercise, function, hospitalisation or mortality.

Do not conclude that using this scale improves exercise, strength, hospitalisation or mortality. The study tested whether a questionnaire measured perceptions reliably in people receiving haemodialysis; it did not test an exercise programme or patient outcomes.