OTSLPOtherJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

The Relationship Between Interoception, Alexithymia, Autistic Traits and Eating Pathology in Autistic Adults.

Heather Westwood, Will Mandy, Rebecca Brewer

PMID 39948294

WHAT IT FOUND

Atypical eating, distinct from weight concerns, predicts eating disorder pathology in autistic adults.

However, body image dissatisfaction remains a strong predictor in both autistic and non-autistic groups. Assessments must screen for sensory or routine-based eating issues alongside traditional weight and shape concerns.

Key findings

01The relationship between atypical eating and eating disorder pathology was significant only in the autistic group, suggesting atypical eating is a unique risk factor for this population.

02Body image dissatisfaction was similarly associated with eating disorder pathology in both autistic and non-autistic adults, contradicting the hypothesis that weight concerns are less relevant in autism.

03The overall structural model linking interoception, alexithymia, autistic traits, and eating pathology did not differ significantly between the autistic and non-autistic groups.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTsWhat it means for SLPs

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What it does not show

The study relied entirely on self-report, including autism diagnosis, which may affect accuracy. The sample was predominantly female, which may not represent the broader autistic population. Participants were recruited via social media and university systems, likely introducing selection bias towards those interested in eating disorders or autism. The study could not analyze interactions between autism and ED diagnosis due to the small number of non-autistic participants with EDs. Weight and autism status were confounded, with more autistic participants meeting overweight criteria, which may influence eating pathology scores.

Declared interests

The study was funded by the Medical Research Council. No other conflicts of interest were declared.

The easy way to misread this

Do not assume that autistic adults with eating disorders lack weight or shape concerns. The study found that body image dissatisfaction was strongly associated with eating pathology in autistic adults just as it was in non-autistic adults. Atypical eating is an additional factor, not a replacement for traditional ED pathology.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →