The Influence of Hospitalization and Nursing Interventions on Inpatients' Sleep Quality: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Sleep was measured only by the PSQI, a patient-reported questionnaire, not by objective sleep monitoring. The PSQI asks about the previous 30 days, which may not fit short hospital stays and could underestimate sleep problems. Data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic, when visits, mobility, isolation, stress, and nursing workload may have affected sleep and care. The study was observational, so it found associations, not proof that specific nursing interventions caused poor sleep. Anxiety management was associated with worse sleep, but anxiety itself may explain the relationship rather than the intervention. Most patients stayed in shared rooms, so room type may not have shown an effect.

Do not conclude that reducing night-time nursing interventions will improve sleep. This observational study found associations between more intervention days, more intervention types, and worse patient-reported sleep, but it did not test changes to care. The anxiety-management association may reflect anxiety itself, not harm from nursing care.