The Influence of Culture on Occupational Therapy Practice in Jordan.
Somaya H Malkawi, Nisrin S Alqatarneh, Elaine K Fehringer
PMID 32684868WHAT IT FOUND
Jordanian OTs found clients often reject independence-focused ADL training, viewing it as shameful or useless when family assistance is culturally expected.
They also faced barriers from limited resources and a medical model preference, though strong family cohesion and Islamic values sometimes supported engagement.
Key findings
01Clients frequently rejected ADL interventions aimed at independence, viewing them as unnecessary or shameful because family members are culturally expected to provide care.
02Therapists struggled with a lack of culturally relevant assessment tools and basic equipment, often having to translate English instruments or improvise with limited resources.
03Islamic values and strong family cohesion were identified as positive factors that sometimes compelled clients to engage in treatment and ensured caregiver availability.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs
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What it does not show
The sample was small (11 therapists) and did not represent all geographic regions of Jordan, with most participants from the north and middle. The study only included therapists working in neurophysical and pediatric rehabilitation, excluding those in mental health. Client perspectives were not collected; the findings reflect only the therapists' views of their clients' attitudes. The researchers were Jordanian OTs themselves, which provided insider knowledge but may have influenced the interpretation of the data.
The easy way to misread this
Do not interpret the clients' rejection of ADL independence training as non-compliance or lack of motivation. The study indicates this behavior is rooted in cultural values regarding family care and modesty, not a failure of the intervention itself.