'Sometimes I'm feeling baffled and they're probably feeling baffled': On the experiences of psychological therapists working with autistic people in a structured primary care service for anxiety disorders and depression.
Paul K Miller, Samantha Lj Bowden, Natalie Dewison and 3 others
PMID 40401511WHAT IT FOUND
Therapists in standard anxiety services felt unprepared for autistic patients.
They struggled to distinguish autism traits from symptoms and found time limits and rigid questionnaires obstructive. Adaptations like concrete language and environmental changes helped, but specific training was lacking.
Key findings
01Therapists reported lacking autism-specific training, leading to feelings of past failure and difficulty recognising undiagnosed cases.
02Standard service structures, including time limits and abstract questionnaires, were seen as barriers to effective care for autistic people.
03Therapists used adaptations such as breaking questions into concrete components, normalising autism, and adjusting the physical environment to support engagement.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for SLPs
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What it does not show
The study involved only 12 therapists from one region in England, which may not reflect experiences in other areas or services. Participants were recruited via email cascades, which may have attracted those with stronger opinions or more experience with autism. The findings rely on therapists' self-reported experiences and perceptions, without direct data from autistic patients. The region studied has higher deprivation and lower healthcare funding than the south of England, which may influence service pressures and findings.
Declared interests
Three of the authors are working psychological therapists, two are autistic, and all are experienced researchers. The interview schedule was reviewed by an autistic advocate who did not propose changes. No specific funding sources or conflicts of interest are declared in the provided text.
The easy way to misread this
Do not interpret these findings as evidence that standard therapies are ineffective for autistic people. The study reports therapists' perceptions of barriers and adaptations, not clinical outcomes. A therapist who assumes CBT does not work for autistic patients based on this paper may withhold a potentially helpful intervention.
Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →