Sleep-enhancing nursing interventions in hospital wards: A systematic review.

The included studies used different designs, patient groups, and interventions, so the review could not combine their results into an overall estimate. Several included studies were rated at high risk of bias, and many randomized trials did not blind participants, staff, or outcome assessors. The review excluded intensive care, emergency, and operating room settings, so it does not speak to sleep care in those units. The studies came from several countries and patient populations, so the interventions may not transfer directly to every ward. Many interventions were delivered as bundled programs, so the contribution of any single component could not be separated. Qualitative and cross-sectional studies describe experiences and current practice, not treatment effects.

The authors declared no conflicts of interest and reported no specific funding.

Do not conclude that any single nursing intervention is proven to improve hospital sleep. The review found many different bundled approaches, several studies had high risk of bias, and the evidence was not strong enough to identify a best treatment.