Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cardiometabolic Risk in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury/Disease: A Scoping Review.

Only English-language articles were included, so non-English evidence was not included. No cited reference searching was done, so some relevant studies may have been missed. The review protocol was not registered. Study type classification depended on reviewer interpretation, so some studies may have been placed differently. Most included studies were from high-income countries, and none were from low-income countries. Sociodemographic variables were poorly reported, and less than 10% of studies captured income metrics. No minimum sample size was required, so very small studies were included.

Do not read this review as proof that physical activity reliably reduces cardiometabolic risk in spinal cord injury. It mapped 21 physical activity studies, but results were positive or no effect, and four studies used combined physical activity and electrical stimulation, so the contribution of each component cannot be separated.