Risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery: an integrative review of literature.
Ana Flávia da Silva, Karina Dal Sasso Mendes, Vanessa Dos Santos Ribeiro and 1 others
PMID 36888792WHAT IT FOUND
High BMI, diabetes or high blood sugar around surgery, female sex, and antibiotic prophylaxis were the main risk factors for surgical site infection after bariatric surgery.
The review did not test a prevention bundle.
Key findings
01The main risk factors identified were antibiotic prophylaxis, female gender, high Body Mass Index and perioperative hyperglycemia.
02Reported surgical site infection rates were 0.4% to 7.6% in laparoscopic studies and 0.9% to 12% in studies using open, laparoscopic or robotic approaches.
03Perioperative hyperglycemia, female sex and high BMI were risk factors confirmed in at least two studies, and antibiotic prophylaxis was investigated in at least two studies.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The review did not include gray literature and was limited to English, Portuguese and Spanish publications from January 2011 to April 2021. Findings were summarized descriptively, not pooled, so different study designs and definitions were combined. The included primary studies were observational, so they show associations, not proof that a factor causes infection. Some included studies did not analyze surgical site infection risk factors or did not report infection incidence. Methodological quality varied, and the appraisal tools did not provide an overall score.
The easy way to misread this
Do not treat these factors as a tested checklist that prevents infection. The review combined observational studies, so it reports associations rather than proof that these factors cause infection.