Psychosocial Health Factors Among Men Reporting Recent Sexual Assault.

The sample size was too small for robust statistical analysis of relationships between factors and outcomes. Participants were recruited via internet and social media, which may bias the sample toward men with specific demographics (all were employed, 97% had insurance, and most had adequate health literacy) and may not represent men who do not seek care or cannot access online surveys. The study relied entirely on self-report without verification via medical records or follow-up interviews. Gender was assessed with a single item with limited options (male, female, transgender), which may not capture the full range of gender identities. The cross-sectional design cannot determine causality or track PEP completion rates over time for those still taking medication at the time of the survey.

The authors declared no conflicts of interest. The study was funded by the University of California Davis.

Do not assume these findings apply to all men who experience sexual assault. The sample consisted entirely of employed men with health insurance who sought medical care, so the rates of PEP initiation and the profile of mental health symptoms may not reflect those of unemployed, uninsured, or non-care-seeking men.