Prevalence and risk factors of acute kidney injury in patients with hip fractures.
Alia Shaaban, Mustafa Al-Zubaidy, Oday Al-Dadah
PMID 41306079WHAT IT FOUND
In hip fracture patients, 21.6% developed acute kidney injury, mostly after surgery.
Higher body weight, longer stay, and fracturing while already an inpatient were linked to postoperative AKI.
Key findings
01In 190 hip fracture patients, AKI occurred in 21.6% overall, with 2.1% preoperatively and 19.8% postoperatively.
02Higher body weight, longer hospital stay, and sustaining a hip fracture while already an inpatient were significantly associated with postoperative AKI, including 4 of 8 such inpatients.
03Postoperative AKI was significantly associated with increased mortality (p = 0.002).
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
Because the study was retrospective, urine output was not consistently recorded, so AKI diagnosis relied on serum creatinine changes and may have under- or over-estimated AKI incidence and severity. It did not capture intraoperative blood pressure variability, fluid balance, or nephrotoxic drug exposure before surgery. No power analysis was performed, although all eligible patients were included. Data collection occurred during the pandemic, so staffing, screening, and rehabilitation disruptions may limit generalisability. Some associations rest on small numbers, such as 4 of 8 patients who fractured while already inpatients. Diabetes and hypertension were not analysed separately because their severity and control were not routinely available.
Declared interests
The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest, and they received no financial support for the research, authorship, or publication.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that AKI caused the higher mortality or that early renal monitoring and fluids will prevent AKI. This was a retrospective observational cohort, so it can show associations but cannot prove cause.