Pressure ulcer risk in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and their occurrence within 24 hours of the operation.
Zeynep Gürer, Neriman Akansel, Nail Kahraman
PMID 40762991WHAT IT FOUND
Fourteen percent of cardiovascular surgery patients had a stage-one pressure ulcer within 24 hours, and those who developed one had higher intraoperative pressure injury risk scores.
Key findings
01Fourteen percent of patients developed a stage-one pressure ulcer within 24 hours after surgery.
02Patients who developed pressure ulcers had significantly higher 3S IPIRAS scores than patients who did not.
03Female sex, BMI, smoking status, and surgery type were associated with differences in 3S IPIRAS scores.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
It was descriptive and observational, with no control group or randomisation, so it cannot show that any factor or risk score caused pressure ulcers. All patients received the same standard operating room precautions, and no specific pressure prevention materials were tested, so the study cannot compare prevention strategies. Skin assessment within 24 hours was difficult and time-consuming in patients with unstable hemodynamic parameters, and the first researcher and primary nurse made staging decisions together, which may have affected detection. It was done in one public hospital in Türkiye between March and September 2022, so generalisability may be limited.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read the 14% stage-one pressure ulcer rate or the risk score differences as evidence that a specific prevention method works. This was a descriptive observational study with no control group and standard precautions for all patients, so it reports associations and occurrence, not tested treatment effects.