Overview of the Epidemiology and Clinical Care Considerations for Adolescents and Young Adults Living with or at Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Adam Leonard, Brenice Duroseau
PMID 38670698WHAT IT FOUND
HIV testing among AYAs is only 6%, many are unaware of their status, and PrEP coverage is the lowest of any age group.
Nurses should screen, support adherence, and know state consent and confidentiality laws.
Key findings
01HIV testing among AYAs is only 6%, and only just over half of the estimated 41,900 AYAs living with HIV are aware of their status, the lowest awareness rate among all age groups.
02More than 20% of AYAs are not linked to care within one month of diagnosis, more than 40% were lost to follow-up in 2019, and viral suppression is a point-in-time estimate of 68%, with sustained 12-month rates from 12% to 51% across studies.
03AYAs aged 16 to 24 have the lowest PrEP coverage of any age group, only 20% of youth at increased risk were prescribed PrEP, and a 2022 meta-analysis found 64% of AYAs prescribed PrEP were adherent.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
This is a narrative review, not a study that tested an intervention, so it shows population gaps and care considerations but not whether a specific clinic change works. It does not report systematic search methods, so the evidence selected may not represent all available studies. The data are mostly U.S. estimates from recent years, and local HIV rates, PrEP access, and minor consent or confidentiality laws may differ. It does not provide patient-level outcomes, so the percentages describe groups, not an individual patient's likely response.
Declared interests
The supplied article text does not include a funding or conflicts statement. The publication types list N.I.H. extramural and non-U.S. government research support.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read this as proof that a particular nursing or clinic strategy improves HIV outcomes. It is a narrative review of published data and recommendations, not a study that tested an intervention in patients.