Internal Consistency and Convergent Validity of the Portuguese Versions of the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs-Initial and Short Screener: Validity of the Portuguese GAIN-I and SS.
Heloísa Garcia Claro, Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de Oliveira, Ivan Filipe de Almeida Lopes Fernandes and 4 others
PMID 27922475WHAT IT FOUND
The Portuguese GAIN-I and GAIN-SS scored similarly and held together well in 168 substance use treatment users, but the crime and violence screener part did not reach the usual standard.
Key findings
01The Portuguese versions were tested in 168 substance use treatment users, including 70 who completed both instruments.
02The short screener and full version agreed most closely on two corresponding scales, with values of .80 and .72; other matched scales were moderate, at .40 to .60.
03The crime and violence screener scale scored .446, below the usual .70 standard.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The sample was 168 users from only two substance abuse programs, so results may not apply to other settings or countries. Most respondents were men (85.2% in the screener group and 70% in the full group), and most were between 18 and 60 years old, so adolescents and older adults are not represented. The crime and violence screener subscale scored .446, below the usual .70 standard, so that subscale should not be treated as equally reliable. The study sample was over 80 times smaller than the U.S. sample used for the original instrument. The crime and violence scale may be affected by respondents denying stigmatized behavior.
Declared interests
No funding source is stated. The authors report no conflicts of interest and state that they alone are responsible for the content.
The easy way to misread this
Do not treat the Portuguese GAIN-I and GAIN-SS as validated for all substance use populations. The sample was 168 users from two Brazilian programs, and the crime and violence screener subscale scored .446, below the usual .70 standard.