OTSystematic ReviewFrontiers in rehabilitation sciences2026

Including significant others in vocational rehabilitation: a scoping review.

Franziska Weißenstein, Eileen Wengemuth, Larissa Fink and 2 others

PMID 42440798

WHAT IT FOUND

Only eight published vocational rehabilitation interventions were found that deliberately involve a partner or relative, and they differ in who they include and why.

Most give the significant other no training, and few are built on any theory.

Key findings

01Only eight articles met the criteria, and they were too different to compare: they targeted different groups (students with disabilities, workers with chronic disease, people with acquired brain injury, African American families), recruited significant others in different ways, and gave them different roles.

02Most of the interventions had no theoretical basis. Only three of the eight studies explicitly named a framework, and most did not say what kind of support the significant other was meant to provide.

03In most interventions the partner or relative is included because they are seen as a resource that helps the person return to work. Only one study names them as a possible barrier, and only one mentions easing caregiver burden.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs

Read the rest of this summary

You get three full summaries a month, free, and we do not ask for a card. Search, the TL;DRs and your library stay unlimited either way.

Already have one?

What it does not show

Only eight studies were included, and they differed so much in population, design and approach that the authors could not compare them. The review did not assess the quality of the included studies, so it cannot say how trustworthy any individual finding is. Terms for significant others are used inconsistently in the literature, so relevant studies may have been missed; the search covered only English and German and excluded grey literature. Many included studies did not describe how significant others were selected or what they were asked to do, so the reviewers had to interpret missing information. Because only published research was reviewed, approaches used in everyday practice may be missing entirely. One of the eight articles was a study protocol whose results were not yet available, so it contributes no findings.

Declared interests

The authors declared that financial support was received for this work or its publication. Five of the authors (FW, LF, EW, LK and K-EC) received general funding from the German Pension Insurance Berlin-Brandenburg, a public pension insurer rather than a company selling any treatment.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read this as evidence that involving a partner or relative in vocational rehabilitation works. The review found only eight studies, did not check their quality, and combined no outcomes at all. One of the two randomised trials was still only a protocol, and the authors themselves describe the published research base as scarce.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →