Impact of Care Bundles Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Pressure Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Six of the nine studies were quasi-experimental before-and-after studies, so other changes over time may explain the results. The included care bundles were not standard: they had three to nine components, and the review did not test which component mattered. There was substantial heterogeneity for the primary outcome, so the pooled effect may not apply to every hospital, patient group, or bundle. Risk-of-bias concerns were common for deviations from intended intervention, missing outcome data, and outcome measurement. Most studies were conducted in intensive care units, so the findings may not transfer to general wards. Pressure injury severity was reported in only seven studies and could not be pooled; one randomised trial found no significant difference in severity. The article reports 29,572 patients in the results but 29,617 in the conclusion.

The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Do not read the 57.6% odds reduction as proof that a single item such as repositioning or support surfaces caused the benefit. The bundles varied from three to nine components, six studies were quasi-experimental, and heterogeneity was substantial.