OTSurveyCanadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergotherapie2026

How Much is Universal Accessibility Actually Taught in Canadian Occupational Therapy Programs?

Alicia Ruiz-Rodrigo, David Gotti, Ernesto Morales and 1 others

PMID 40452463

WHAT IT FOUND

Every one of the 13 responding Canadian occupational therapy programs teaches universal accessibility, but only 7 have a dedicated course; the rest cover it inside other courses.

Instructors rated it important, yet named gaps in depth and consistency.

Key findings

01All 13 responding programs (92.9% of the 14 contacted) said they include universal accessibility content, but what that content is and where it sits varies widely between programs.

02Only seven programs had a course dedicated to universal accessibility; the other six had no dedicated course and spread the content across several other courses.

03Of the five course outlines the team received, "universal accessibility" and "universal design" appeared in every one, but neither term was defined in any of them.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTs

Read the rest of this summary

You get three full summaries a month, free, and we do not ask for a card. Search, the TL;DRs and your library stay unlimited either way.

Already have one?

What it does not show

Only one person per program answered, and what they reported is their view of their own curriculum, not an observation of what is actually taught. Only five programs shared course outlines, so most of the comparisons the authors wanted to make between programs could not be made. The shared outlines varied in how much detail they gave, and the credits listed cover a whole course rather than only the accessibility part of it. The survey used only the term universal accessibility, with a definition repeated several times; the field has no agreed terminology, and that may have confused respondents. The survey was kept short on purpose to reduce the load on respondents, so some content that appears in course outlines was never asked about. No students, practising occupational therapists or disabled people were asked; the authors say those perspectives are still needed.

Declared interests

The paper's funding and conflicts section names only public research money. The Fonds de recherche du Quebec supported several team members (one senior research fellowship in health and two doctoral scholarships in society and culture), and Universite Laval and the Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en readaptation et integration sociale also contributed to funding the student authors. No commercial funder is named.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read the high importance ratings as evidence that Canadian graduates are well trained in accessibility. Those ratings are opinions from 13 people, most of whom teach the content themselves, and the same study found that only seven programs had a dedicated course and that the instructors described the teaching as lacking depth. The authors themselves conclude that accessibility is rarely treated as a major topic.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →