RNCohortJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2023

Hospice Aide Visits among Nursing Home Residents During the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Xiao Joyce Wang, Kali S Thomas, Emmanuelle Belanger and 2 others

PMID 37146643

WHAT IT FOUND

Long-stay nursing home residents on hospice had far fewer aide visits in 2020.

Starting April 2020, the chance of no aide visit exceeded 50%, compared with around 10% in 2019.

Key findings

01After accounting for resident and nursing home characteristics, the chance of no hospice aide visit exceeded 50% from April 2020, compared with around 10% in 2019, with differences of 42 to 51.2 percentage points.

02After accounting for resident and nursing home characteristics, aide visit minutes among residents with at least one visit were lowest in March (571.5 minutes) and April (562.7 minutes), with the biggest difference 155 minutes in April.

03The pattern held for residents accessing hospice for more than 7 or 14 days, and aide visit patterns did not differ in a major way by nursing home COVID exposure status.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs

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What it does not show

This is an observational comparison, not a test of an intervention, so it cannot show that any policy caused the decline. The study measured hospice aide visits only; virtual hospice nurse visits were not captured, so total hospice contact may be different. It is unclear whether nursing home nurse aides supplemented the care hospice aides would have provided. Resident COVID diagnosis could not be determined because testing was inaccurate and diagnoses were underreported. Nursing home COVID exposure was based on administrator self-reports. Some states, Washington, DC, and Wyoming were excluded, and the study covers only January to September. The paper describes care disruptions but does not test whether emergency planning or safe visiting would prevent them.

Declared interests

The paper is listed as supported by NIH extramural research. No author conflicts of interest are stated in the supplied text.

The easy way to misread this

Do not conclude that total hospice care fell or that one policy caused the decline. The study measured hospice aide visits only, and virtual hospice nurse visits were not captured, so it cannot show how much overall hospice contact changed or separate visitation rules, personal protective equipment shortages, staffing fears, and other factors.

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