SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 28 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPOther2018Gaze avoidance and perseverative language in fragile X syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: brief report.Developmental neurorehabilitationBoys with fragile X syndrome plus autism and boys with autism showed similarly high gaze avoidance, but the fragile X group repeated single utterances more often. Gaze avoidance and language perseverations were not related in either group.
• OTSLPPilot2018Defining behavioral components of social functioning in adults with autism spectrum disorder as targets for treatment.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchIn adults with autism, measures of social motivation, anxiety, and skills moved together. Measures of social cognition and community functioning did not. Motivation also moved with anxiety, skills, community, and autism symptoms, but not cognition.
• SLPCohort2018A prospective study of fetal head growth, autistic traits and autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchPrenatal head growth trajectories were not associated with later autistic traits. Smaller head circumference in late pregnancy was linked to higher traits, but it did not predict an autism diagnosis.
• SLPSystematic Review2018Measurement properties of tools used to assess depression in adults with and without autism spectrum conditions: A systematic review.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchNo depression tool has been developed or validated for adults with autism spectrum conditions. Only the BDI-II had measurement properties examined in this group, with weak or indeterminate evidence. The review does not show that standard tools accurately identify depression in this group.
• SLPOther2018An Analysis of Individual Differences in Recognizing Monosyllabic Words Under the Speech Intelligibility Index Framework.Trends in hearingThirty listeners differed in how they used frequency bands to recognize monosyllabic words in noise. Similar patterns appeared for the word list and the high-context sentences. Some listener characteristics stayed similar.
• SLPOther2018Prolonged Exposure of CBA/Ca Mice to Moderately Loud Noise Can Cause Cochlear Synaptopathy but Not Tinnitus or Hyperacusis as Assessed With the Acoustic Startle Reflex.Trends in hearingProlonged exposure of mice to 8 to 16 kHz noise at 70 or 75 dB SPL did not change acoustic startle tests for hypoacusis, hyperacusis, or tinnitus, although 75 dB SPL showed signs of cochlear synapse loss.
• SLPOther2018Objective Prediction of Hearing Aid Benefit Across Listener Groups Using Machine Learning: Speech Recognition Performance With Binaural Noise-Reduction Algorithms.Trends in hearingA model that predicts hearing aid benefit from speech-in-noise scores tracked group results in cafeteria noise, but it did not reliably predict individual benefit from audiograms alone.
• SLPOther2018A New Method for Assessing Masking and Residual Inhibition of Tinnitus.Trends in hearingA pulsed-noise test found masking in 98.5% of tinnitus patients and temporary suppression in 86.7%, giving speech therapists a quicker way to measure how sound affects tinnitus.
• SLPOther2018Adaptive Processes in Hearing.Trends in hearingThis is an editorial introduction to a hearing-research symposium special issue. It describes topics and proceedings, not a study with participants, methods, results, or findings.
• SLPRCT2018Effects of Cochlear Implantation on Binaural Hearing in Adults With Unilateral Hearing Loss.Trends in hearingAdults with acquired unilateral hearing loss had better localization and better speech-in-noise scores after a cochlear implant program that included fitting, loudness matching, and aural rehabilitation, but not when the masker was on the implant side.
• PTOTSLPOther2018Why do stroke survivors not receive recommended amounts of active therapy? Findings from the ReAcT study, a mixed-methods case-study evaluation in eight stroke units.Clinical rehabilitationTherapists spent between 1.2 and 6.5 hours per week on meetings and paperwork rather than direct patient care. In units with the highest staffing levels, therapy minutes were higher, but even these units struggled to meet guidelines. Administrative burden was the primary barrier to delivering recommended therapy.
• SLPOther2018Interaural Time-Difference Discrimination as a Measure of Place of Stimulation for Cochlear-Implant Users With Single-Sided Deafness.Trends in hearingListeners with single-sided deafness could detect timing differences when pulse trains were sent to one implant electrode and the hearing ear. A best frequency was estimated for 17 of 26 electrodes, but the test is not clinically usable yet.
• SLPRCT2018Comparison of Two Music Training Approaches on Music and Speech Perception in Cochlear Implant Users.Trends in hearingSix weeks of music training in cochlear implant users showed no clear improvement in word or sentence understanding. Computer pitch/timbre training improved melodic contour identification, and group music therapy improved emotion identification.
• SLPCase Series2018EHMT1 mosaicism in apparently unaffected parents is associated with autism spectrum disorder and neurocognitive dysfunction.Molecular autismThree adults with EHMT1 mosaicism, previously thought unaffected, were diagnosed with autism and mood disorders. Despite high adaptive scores, they showed social isolation and cognitive inflexibility. Genetic testing should be considered in parents with psychiatric symptoms and children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
• SLPRCT2018Randomised controlled trial of simvastatin treatment for autism in young children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (SANTA).Molecular autismNo significant behavioural differences were seen between simvastatin and placebo in young children with NF1-autism; the trial was not powered, safety and acceptability were good, and imaging signals were preliminary.
• SLPOther2018Goal prediction in 2-year-old children with and without autism spectrum disorder: An eye-tracking study.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchWhen a person’s hand moved toward an object, 2-year-old children with ASD anticipated the goal as well as typically developing peers. When the hand paused without movement cues, children with ASD tended to look at the prior location, not the prior goal.
• SLPOther2018Music and Speech Perception in Children Using Sung Speech.Trends in hearingIn 30 children, musicians did better at recognizing melody shape and sentence recognition in noise than nonmusicians. Sung speech made sentence recognition in noise worse than spoken speech. This describes perception, not a therapy effect.
• SLPCase-Control2018Oscillatory rhythm of reward: anticipation and processing of rewards in children with and without autism.Molecular autismNo clear difference appeared between children with ASD and typically developing children while they waited for social feedback. After feedback, children with ASD showed more brain activity thought to reflect engagement and less activity thought to reflect reward than typically developing children.
• SLPCase-Control2018Facial expression recognition as a candidate marker for autism spectrum disorder: how frequent and severe are deficits?Molecular autismOn a brief film-based emotion task, 63% of high-functioning people with ASD showed severe deficits, but 15.3% performed within the control range.
• SLPOther2018Age-Related Performance on Vowel Identification and the Spectral-temporally Modulated Ripple Test in Children With Normal Hearing and With Cochlear Implants.Trends in hearingTime with a cochlear implant, not the child's age, predicted vowel recognition and frequency discrimination in implanted children. In normal-hearing children, age predicted degraded vowel recognition. Time with the implant may matter more than age when reading speech perception tests.
• SLPCase-Control2018Cortical associates of emotional reactivity and regulation in childhood stuttering.Journal of fluency disordersYoung children who stutter showed stronger brain responses to unpleasant pictures than peers who do not stutter. Those with higher self-regulation scores had weaker responses to these negative images. This links stuttering to heightened emotional reactivity, not necessarily a deficit in regulating emotions.
• OTSLPCohort2018From Using Tools to Using Language in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersHigh-risk infants who used a spoon functionally at 10 months had better word comprehension at 12 months and word production at 24 and 36 months. Infants later diagnosed with autism showed delayed emergence of these functional actions compared to those without diagnosis.
• SLPMeta-Analysis2018A Systematic Review of Group Social Skills Interventions, and Meta-analysis of Outcomes, for Children with High Functioning ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren and young people with high-functioning autism who joined group social skills programmes had fewer parent-rated social difficulties than delayed controls. Gains were largest for social communication and repetitive behaviour, but problem behaviour did not improve.
• SLPCase-Control2018Altered reward system reactivity for personalized circumscribed interests in autism.Molecular autismAcross the whole brain, youth with autism did not differ from controls in response to personal interests versus social approval. A focused analysis of a reward-related brain region found greater interest response in autism, and it was related to social impairment.
• SLPPilot2018Improving Speech Recognition in Bilateral Cochlear Implant Users by Listening With the Better Ear.Trends in hearingFor bilateral cochlear implant users, laboratory testing showed that sending the target talker to the better ear and background to the other ear improved speech-in-noise scores. The better-ear condition outperformed the same algorithm used as noise reduction in both ears.
• SLPOther2018Use of a Deep Recurrent Neural Network to Reduce Wind Noise: Effects on Judged Speech Intelligibility and Sound Quality.Trends in hearingListeners preferred hearing aid recordings with wind noise reduced by a computer algorithm over unprocessed wind-noise recordings, but not consistently over simple high-pass filtering. Preferences were small and lab-based, not tested in real hearing aids.
• SLPCohort2018Time of Day and Hearing Aid Adoption.Trends in hearingPatients with audiology appointments at noon or 4 p.m. were less likely to adopt hearing aids. Those who did adopt were less likely to return them. This is an observational link, not proof that changing appointment time changes behavior.
• SLPOther2018Outcomes With a Self-Fitting Hearing Aid.Trends in hearingFor most outcomes, self-fitted hearing aids were no different from assisted fittings. Experienced users still preferred their own conventional aids and found self-fitted aids harder to manage.
• SLPOther2018Spatial Release From Masking in 2-Year-Olds With Normal Hearing and With Bilateral Cochlear Implants.Trends in hearingThe benefit of separating a target speaker from competing speakers did not show a clear group difference between 13 toddlers with bilateral cochlear implants and 13 normal-hearing toddlers. The implant group still needed louder target words in quiet and in noise.
• SLPOther2018Angle-Dependent Distortions in the Perceptual Topology of Acoustic Space.Trends in hearingListeners judge sounds at the side of the head as moving half as far as they actually do. A 20-degree movement at the front feels like a 40-degree movement at the side. This distortion means virtual audio systems must correct for angle to sound stable.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2018What influences decisions about ongoing stroke rehabilitation for patients with pre-existing dementia or cognitive impairment: a qualitative study?Clinical rehabilitationStroke clinicians said dementia knowledge, family history, gut instinct and service limits drove decisions. Many expected pre-existing dementia to mean poor rehab potential, so patients needing more time were deprioritised or moved to compensatory care.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2018Preferences for Web-Based Information Material for Low Back Pain: Qualitative Interview Study on People Consulting a General Practitioner.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesPatients with low back pain want web apps that are simple to navigate, use plain language, and show exercises via video. They distrust sites with ads or confusing jargon. They prefer apps recommended by their GP, which saves them time searching online.
• SLPCase Report2018The effects of enactment on communicative competence in aphasic casual conversation: a functional linguistic perspective.International journal of language & communication disordersIn one man with aphasia, turns containing enactment were far more likely to be assertive than his other turns. He used enacted speech to open new topics and hold the floor, rather than just agreeing with his wife.
• SLPOther2018The Role of Temporal Cues in Voluntary Stream Segregation for Cochlear Implant Users.Trends in hearingCochlear implant users detected a delayed sound better when the distractor pulse rate was lower than the target pulse rate, especially over longer sequences. For long sequences, 100 pps was the smallest helpful rate difference. This was lab hearing, not speech in noise.
• SLPOther2018The Relationship Between Spectral Modulation Detection and Speech Recognition: Adult Versus Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients.Trends in hearingIn adults with cochlear implants, better scores on a test of hearing sound patterns across frequencies went with better speech recognition in quiet and noise. In children, speech scores were often high even when that test was poor.
• SLPOther2018Effects of Expanding Envelope Fluctuations on Consonant Perception in Hearing-Impaired Listeners.Trends in hearingExpanding 10-20 Hz speech-envelope fluctuations only where speech was present improved consonant recognition by 2.1 percentage points. Expanding all noisy speech did not help, and some consonants worsened.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Prediction of Autism at 3 Years from Behavioural and Developmental Measures in High-Risk Infants: A Longitudinal Cross-Domain Classifier Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAt the second visit, daily living scores gave a modest signal for later autism in high-risk infants, but early measures did not predict individual outcome. The prediction model was much better at saying an infant would not develop autism than at identifying who would.
• SLPOther2018PVDF-Based Piezoelectric Microphone for Sound Detection Inside the Cochlea: Toward Totally Implantable Cochlear Implants.Trends in hearingA prototype cochlear-implant microphone made from a pressure-sensitive film detected cochlear pressure in animal and cadaver tests. It is not a tested clinical device, and its signal was noisier than a hearing aid microphone.
• PTOTSLPOther2018An International Clinical Study of Ability and Disability in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the WHO-ICF Framework.Journal of autism and developmental disordersClinician ratings of 122 people with ASD using WHO function categories found frequent difficulties in complex social interaction, attention, stress, communication, and daily tasks. Family, family attitudes, and health-professional support were the most common environmental factors.
• OTSLPCohort2018Autism Spectrum Disorder in an Unselected Cohort of Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1).Journal of autism and developmental disorders10.9% of children with NF1 were clinically diagnosed with autism, much higher than the general population. Screening tools often missed cases or flagged non-autistic children. Clinicians should combine parent questionnaires and direct observation to accurately identify autism in this group.
• SLPOther2018Brief Report: Social Functioning Predicts Externalizing Problem Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn 29 children and adolescents with autism, lower parent-rated social functioning was linked to higher parent-reported externalizing behavior. This link was not seen in 29 matched typical peers. It suggests behavior problems may relate to social difficulties.
• OTSLPCohort2018The Prevalence and Psychopathological Correlates of Sibling Bullying in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism are more likely to be involved in two-way sibling bullying than their peers. This involvement is linked to higher anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems, regardless of whether the child has autism.
• SLPCase-Control2018Influence of family demographic factors on social communication questionnaire scores.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAt SCQ score 11, 88% of autistic children in clinical samples were identified, but only 74% of non-autistic children were correctly cleared. False positives were more common in lower-income, lower-education, and Black families.
• PTOTSLPPilot2018Adapting and translating the Mullen Scales of Early Learning for the South African context.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsAcross four language groups, the translated Mullen Scales produced similar total and subscale scores. Older children scored higher than younger children. This supports using the adapted scales with other assessment information, not alone.
• SLPSurvey2018Impact of Tourette Syndrome on School Measures in a Nationally Representative Sample.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPChildren with Tourette syndrome were more likely to have an individual education plan, be contacted about school problems, and not complete homework. Grade repetition and absences did not show a clear link. Co-occurring behavior and learning conditions were linked to school problems.
• SLPSurvey2018Male students' perceptions about gender imbalances in a speech-language pathology and audiology training programme of a South African institution of higher education.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsMale speech therapy students in South Africa felt included in training but worried about working with children. Many chose the profession as a backup plan without prior experience, suggesting a need for better career guidance and clear safety protocols.
• SLPCase Report2018Intervention for bilingual speech sound disorders: A case study of an isiXhosa-English-speaking child.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsAfter 16 sessions of minimal pairs therapy, with English instructions, isiXhosa targets and some simple isiXhosa instructions, a single child showed better accuracy in both languages. This is a single case, so it cannot show that the approach works for all bilingual children.
• SLPCohort2018Growth and Decline in Language and Phonological Memory Over Two Years Among Adolescents With Down Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesOver two years, adolescents with Down syndrome showed growth in receptive vocabulary, while grammar stayed stable. Younger participants also showed gains in expressive vocabulary and digit memory, but nonword repetition declined.
• SLPOther2018First-language raters' opinions when validating word recordings for a newly developed speech reception threshold test.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsExpert native speakers identified four words in a new hearing test that were previously accepted by standard checks. Their feedback caught subtle pitch and clarity issues that technical measures missed, improving the test's accuracy for real patients.
• SLPOther2018Evaluating a smartphone digits-in-noise test as part of the audiometric test battery.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsThe smartphone digits-in-noise test matched pure-tone and speech-in-quiet scores well and could add information about hearing in noise. It does not replace the standard audiometric test battery.