SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 121 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023The diagnostic value of physical examination tests in adhesive capsulitis: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineNo single physical exam test reliably diagnoses adhesive capsulitis. Coracoid Pain Test and Distension Test showed high accuracy in initial studies but results were inconsistent or unreproduced, leaving clinicians without a definitive bedside diagnostic tool.
• PTOTSLPOther2023Finding functionality: Rasch analysis of the Functionality Appreciation Scale in community-dwelling adults in the US.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesThe Functionality Appreciation Scale measures one single trait, but it is too easy for most healthy adults. Many score the maximum, so the test cannot tell the difference between someone with high appreciation and someone with moderate appreciation.
• PTOTSLPRCT2023Theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation for dysphagia patients during recovery stage of stroke: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineFor stroke patients with swallowing difficulties, adding four weeks of intermittent theta-burst stimulation to standard therapy improved swallowing function more than sham stimulation. This benefit held for both supratentorial and brainstem strokes, while continuous theta-burst stimulation showed inconsistent effects depending on stroke location.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023Available Assistive Technology Outcome Measures: Systematic Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesAssistive technology outcome measures are numerous but unevenly used. Most tools cover wheelchairs and function, while satisfaction, communication, participation, and caregiver burden are assessed with fewer, less common measures. Choose a tool matched to the device and outcome.
• SLPOther2024Clinical feeding assessment: An effective screening test to predict aspiration in children in low resource settings.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineA clinical feeding assessment is a sensitive screening tool for aspiration in children. A negative result reliably rules out aspiration, allowing clinicians to avoid invasive instrumental testing. However, a positive result has low specificity, meaning many children are falsely flagged and require further evaluation.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Effect of oxygen therapy duration on cognitive impairment 12 months after hospitalization for SARS-COV-2 infection.Journal of rehabilitation medicineShorter oxygen therapy during acute hospitalization predicted persistent cognitive impairment at 1 year. A Mini-Mental State Examination score below 28 at 3 months also flagged this risk, though patients often lacked awareness of their deficits.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2023Virtual Reality for Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Comprehensive Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesThis review of 32 studies suggests virtual reality can help with breathing exercises for anxiety and lung conditions. Most participants reported feeling more relaxed and better able to control their breathing. However, the studies were small, short-term, and mixed healthy people with patients, so this is not proof that VR works as a standalone treatment.
• PTOTSLPOther2023Gait analysis comparison between manual marking, 2D pose estimation algorithms, and 3D marker-based system.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOpenPose tracked knee angles accurately but failed at the ankle. Kinovea was consistent but slow and biased. MediaPipe was too inaccurate for gait analysis. No tool replaced the 3D marker system, though OpenPose is a promising, faster alternative for knee motion.
• PTOTSLPPilot2023Developing a serious game for gaze stability rehabilitation in children with vestibular hypofunction.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with vestibular hypofunction found a new gaze-stability video game safe and highly satisfying. Their vision during head movements and balance scores improved, but the study combined the game with standard physiotherapy, so the game's specific effect cannot be separated.
• SLPSystematic Review2024A scoping review of research on potential impact of implicit bias in healthcare settings for children with acquired brain injuries.Rehabilitation psychologyThree studies of children under three with brain injuries found racial disparities in how suspected abuse was evaluated. Minority children were screened more often for abuse, while white children’s abuse was missed more often. This suggests provider bias may affect diagnosis.
• SLPSurvey2024Predictors of Autism Spectrum Disorder and ADHD: Results from the National Survey of Children's Health.Disability and health journalGirls were less often reported to have ADHD, autism, or both than boys among U.S. children. Black, Hispanic, and multiple/other race children were less often reported to have ADHD and both diagnoses, while Hispanic children were more often reported to have autism only.
• OTSLPSurvey2024Quality of life, satisfaction with care, and the experiences of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities before and during COVID-19.Disability and health journalSelf-reported quality of life dropped during the pandemic, but this disappeared when accounting for who reported it. Care partners reported higher quality of life than the adults themselves. Satisfaction with care services remained stable across both time points.
• PTOTSLPOther2024A roadmap for research in post-stroke fatigue: Consensus-based core recommendations from the third Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairExperts recommend assessing every stroke survivor for fatigue using a structured interview tool to identify modifiable causes like sleep, mood, or medication side effects. For research, they propose a specific 7-item scale, noting current evidence for treatments is conflicting and insufficient to guide practice.
• PTOTSLPOther2023Motor-cognitive functions required for driving in post-stroke individuals identified via machine-learning analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA machine-learning model accurately predicted driving aptitude in post-stroke individuals using a subset of cognitive tests. Key predictors included time orientation, sustained attention, and visual neglect. This suggests a shorter, targeted screening battery could replace the current week-long assessment.
• OTSLPCase Series2023Enabling people with intellectual and other disabilities to make verbal requests using cardboard chips with mini objects or pictures and a smartphone.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesSix adults with intellectual, sensory and motor disabilities used cardboard chips to make smartphone verbal requests. All made multiple requests during intervention, and staff rated the system positively.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Clinical presentation of patients with lower limb spasticity undergoing routine treatment with botulinum toxin: baseline findings from an international observational study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAmbulatory patients with lower limb spasticity face widespread difficulties with dressing, walking, and daily activities, alongside high rates of sensory, cognitive, and communication impairments. Most prioritize locomotion goals, but complex comorbidities require comprehensive assessment before treatment.
• SLPSurvey2023Coping resources and stress due to demands in parents to children with autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesIn 266 parents of children with ASD, daily demands were linked to stress. Dysfunctional coping and lower self-efficacy partly explained this, while functional coping and social support did not.
• PTOTSLPOther2024A translational roadmap for transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation in stroke rehabilitation: Consensus-based core recommendations from the third stroke recovery and rehabilitation roundtable.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairExperts identified five barriers preventing brain stimulation from becoming routine in stroke care. They recommend stricter reporting, better animal models, and larger trials to prove which patients benefit before clinicians change practice.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Post-stroke Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Performances: A Network Analysis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationMood was the most central depressive symptom, while executive function dominated the cognitive network. Psychomotor functioning and attention acted as bridges between the two. This suggests targeting mood and executive function may help resolve co-occurring post-stroke depression and cognitive issues.
• OTSLPOther2024Exploring Work Absences and Return to Work During Social Transition and Following Gender-Affirming Care, a Mixed-Methods Approach: 'Bridging Support Actors Through Literacy'.Journal of occupational rehabilitationMost transgender and gender diverse people in Belgium returned to work after gender-affirming care, with 90.2% resuming employment. However, they faced significant gaps in navigating occupational health services and social insurance, leading to high stress and poor support experiences.
• SLPCase Series2023Selective zygomaticus muscle activation by ball electrodes in synkinetically reinnervated patients after facial paralysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesStimulating the cheekbone muscle near the mouth corner selectively lifted it without closing the eye in nine of ten patients with facial synkinesis. This proves selective activation is possible but does not show that stimulation improves facial movement or quality of life.
• SLPOther2023Rehabilitation Supported by Immersive Virtual Reality for Adults With Communication Disorders: Semistructured Interviews and Usability Survey Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesTen adults with acquired communication disorders rated a prototype immersive VR kitchen as average to use and potentially helpful for safe speaking practice. They did not test whether it improves communication. Hand controllers and the need for support were barriers.
• SLPCohort2023Memory for social media images following traumatic brain injury.Brain injuryPeople with moderate-severe TBI remembered social media images they commented on at 92%, compared to 59% for images they only viewed. This memory boost from active engagement matched the benefit seen in non-injured peers, suggesting commenting helps encode social media content despite TBI-related memory deficits.
• PTOTSLPPilot2023Feasibility, safety, and efficacy of task-oriented mirrored robotic training on upper-limb functions and activities of daily living in subacute poststroke patients: a pilot study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineAdding 30 minutes of mirrored robotic training to usual care improved arm function and daily living scores more than usual care alone in 32 subacute stroke patients. The study was a small pilot with no randomisation, so treat these gains as preliminary rather than proven.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Predicting the functional outcome of intensive inpatient rehabilitation after stroke: results from the RIPS Study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineAdmission scores on six items predict discharge function after stroke rehab. Younger age, higher independence, fewer comorbidities, better cognition, lower stroke severity, and higher motor function at admission linked to better discharge outcomes.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Quadriceps strength, patellar tendon quality, relative load exposure, and knee symptoms in male athletes before the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMale athletes awaiting ACL surgery had significant quadriceps weakness and knee pain, but their patellar tendon quality was identical to the healthy leg. Clinicians should not assume the injured tendon has degraded structurally, as the uninjured side is a valid reference for recovery.
• PTOTSLPOther2023Understanding stroke survivors' preferences regarding wearable sensor feedback on functional movement: a mixed-methods study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors found wearable sensor reports easy to understand and motivating, but no single metric was preferred. They wanted real-time feedback tied to personal goals and emphasized that clinicians are still needed to interpret data and maintain accountability.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023Applications of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Upper Limb Motor Performance After Stroke: A Systematic Review.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairMost stroke rTMS trials still suppress the unaffected hemisphere, but this often fails to improve motor function. Evidence suggests matching the stimulation to the patient's specific nerve damage is critical, as suppressing the unaffected side can worsen outcomes in severely impaired patients.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2023Person-centered care for people with aphasia: tools for shared decision-making.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAphasia does not automatically prevent shared decision-making. Supported conversation, written key words, yes/no choices, and co-created communication plans can help people with aphasia express preferences. Training and ongoing team support are needed.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule versus Functional Independence Measure in Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of rehabilitation medicineProxy WHODAS-12 scores differentiated mild from moderate traumatic brain injury more accurately than the Functional Independence Measure. Participation restrictions were more severe than activity limitations, especially in milder injuries, suggesting a need to assess social and community involvement specifically.
• SLPSystematic Review2023Models and Approaches for Comprehension of Dysarthric Speech Using Natural Language Processing: Systematic Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesMost dysarthric speech research focused on intelligibility, not actual meaning extraction. For speech-language pathologists, this review indicates current tools may still miss listener familiarity, topic knowledge, and context needed to understand patients.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Healthcare resource utilization and costs among patients with post-stroke spasticity before and after spasticity management including onabotulinumtoxina.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn 735 adults with post-stroke spasticity, healthcare costs dropped significantly after starting spasticity management including onabotulinumtoxinA. This was driven by fewer hospitalizations, despite increased outpatient visits and pharmacy costs. The study did not prove the drug caused these savings.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Neuropathic-like pain in knee osteoarthritis: exploring differences in knee loading and inflammation. A cross-sectional study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicinePatients with knee osteoarthritis and signs of neuropathic-like pain walked with higher dynamic load on the inner knee. They also reported worse pain and function. These are cross-sectional associations, so it is unknown if the load causes the pain or the pain changes the walking.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Cognitive-motor dual-task training improves dynamic stability during straight and curved gait in patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineAdding cognitive-motor dual-task training to conventional therapy improved dynamic balance and head stability during walking in people with multiple sclerosis. These gains persisted two months after training ended, offering a concrete way to enhance gait safety beyond standard exercises.
• SLPSurvey2024Experiences of health care services among people with cognitive disabilities and mental health conditions.Disability and health journalPeople with a cognitive disability reported less satisfying health care than adults without one. The gap was mainly in communication and time with providers. Among people with a cognitive disability, those with a co-occurring mental health condition reported similar experiences.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Effects of an inpatient rehabilitation programme on functional capacity, quality of life and psychological distress in patients with post covid-19 condition: an observational study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with post-COVID-19 condition walked 100.8 m further on average after a 3-week inpatient rehabilitation programme. Those with weaker breathing muscles who received respiratory muscle training improved more than those who did not, but the programme included many other therapies, so the specific effect of the breathing training cannot be separated from the rest.
• PTOTSLPPilot2023Immersive virtual reality gameplay detects visuospatial atypicality, including unilateral spatial neglect, following brain injury: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationImmersive VR gameplay was feasible for acute inpatient brain injury, with minimal motion sickness and acceptable usability. It detected visuospatial atypicality in 61.5% of patients versus 22.2% of controls, identifying attention problems missed by standard pen-and-paper neglect tests.
• SLPMeta-Analysis2023Transcranial direct current stimulation for post-stroke dysphagia: a meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding tDCS to conventional swallowing therapy improved swallowing and reduced aspiration/penetration in randomized trials. The trials tested tDCS plus therapy, not tDCS alone.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Healthcare professionals' experiences of delivering a stroke Early Supported Discharge service - An example from Ireland.Clinical rehabilitationStroke home rehabilitation teams in Ireland were unevenly resourced, with staff shortages and limited psychology access constraining delivery. Most teams dropped telerehabilitation after COVID, while families needed clearer information and support.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Mixed methods, single case design, feasibility trial of a motivational conversational agent for rehabilitation for adults with traumatic brain injury.Clinical rehabilitationTwo adults with traumatic brain injury and four clinicians found a conversational agent helpful for maintaining rehabilitation goals between appointments. Participants reported good usability and motivation, though the small sample and short duration limit conclusions about clinical effectiveness.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Recovery of activities of daily living in COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care unit or medical care unit: an observational study on the role of rehabilitation in the subacute phase.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesPost-ICU patients arrived with worse function but recovered to the same level as medical ward patients. Independence improved from a Barthel score of 10 to 70. This proves early rehab helps severe cases catch up, but without a control group, we cannot separate the treatment's effect from natural recovery.
• PTSLPSystematic Review2023Scoping review: quality of life of siblings of children who are deaf and hard of hearing, have a vision or motor impairment.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesSiblings of children with hearing, vision, or motor impairments had mixed quality of life: some had higher depression and behavior problems, while others showed stronger prosocial behavior and close sibling relationships.
• SLPQualitative2023Shared decision making: audiology student perspectives.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAudiology students defined shared decision making as a collaborative process where the patient holds the final responsibility. They relied heavily on tangible tools like decision aids to structure appointments and manage complex hearing loss options, viewing these resources as essential for translating theory into practice.
• SLPOther2023Identifying the Active Ingredients of a Computerized Speech and Language Therapy Intervention for Poststroke Aphasia: Multiple Methods Investigation Alongside a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesTherapists who documented a clear reason for tailoring exercises saw better word retrieval. Patients who practiced naming words in full sentences also improved more. These two elements drove success in computerized speech therapy, regardless of total practice time.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2023Survival and causes of death in adults with spina bifida in Sweden: a population-based case-control study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdults with spina bifida died at a rate 7.3 times higher than matched controls over 25 years. While most died from their congenital condition, they also had higher rates of death from urinary system diseases and genitourinary cancers compared to the general population.
• SLPQualitative2023Understanding identity construction among deaf adolescents and young adults: implications for the delivery of person and family-centered care in audiological rehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFive deaf adolescents described identity as separate from disability, rooted in faith, culture, and school belonging. They faced stigma and fatigue from explaining themselves. Clinicians should ask about these psychosocial factors, not just hearing loss.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Establishing a Clinical Care Pathway to Expedite Rehabilitation Transitions for Stroke Patients With Dysphagia and Enteral Feeding Needs.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationA clinical pathway using PM&R consultation to identify stroke patients likely to recover swallowing allowed transfer to rehab with a nasogastric tube. This group achieved oral diet significantly faster than those receiving early PEG placement.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Outcomes following intensive day rehabilitation for young people in Western Australia.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineYoung people in intensive day rehab improved in function and goal attainment, with gains maintained at six months. But with no control group, natural recovery or community therapy may explain some progress, so do not assume the programme alone caused the change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Achieving Functional Goals During a Skilled Nursing Facility Stay: A National Study of Medicare Beneficiaries.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationFewer than half of skilled nursing facility residents met their documented discharge goals for self-care and mobility. Residents aged 90+, those with cognitive impairment, amputations, or incontinence had significantly lower odds of meeting these goals compared to younger, orthopedic patients.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2023Figuring Out Life After Covid-19: a Qualitative Study From Sweden.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients hospitalized for COVID-19 reported feeling abandoned by the healthcare system one year post-discharge. They struggled to navigate follow-up care, often pushing themselves to exhaustion or avoiding exercise due to fear, while highlighting the critical need for structured rehabilitation support.