Feasibility of Assessing Sodium-Associated Body Fluid Composition in End-Stage Renal Disease.
Maya N Clark-Cutaia, Nathaniel Reisinger, Maria Rita Anache and 5 others
PMID 31033867WHAT IT FOUND
Sodium restriction during an inpatient stay did not find a difference in body fluid composition among 40 people on hemodialysis.
The study retained 95% of participants.
Key findings
01No statistically significant differences were found in total body water, intracellular fluid, or extracellular fluid among the sodium intake groups.
02Two patients withdrew, leaving a total sample of 40 participants, and retention was 95%.
03Participants with diabetes as the cause of end-stage renal disease had significantly higher intracellular and extracellular fluid than those with hypertension as the cause.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for RNs
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What it does not show
The study was small and underpowered, with an estimated power range of 15% to 69%. Only 40 participants remained after two withdrawals. Spanish-speaking participants were excluded. The inpatient stay was not five full days, and the mean length of stay was about 4.5 days. Bioelectrical impedance measurements were done only by study staff, and outside factors may have added error. Patients could have traded food without staff awareness. The diabetes-related fluid difference was a subgroup finding, not a sodium effect.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that sodium restriction changes body fluid status in people on hemodialysis. The sodium groups showed no difference, and the study was underpowered.