Evaluating modified socket casting and molding vs. total surface bearing techniques in unilateral transtibial amputation: Effects on rotational control, socket fit satisfaction, and interface pressure.

Only eight participants completed the trial, and two of ten dropped out. All participants were at K3 activity level, so the findings may not apply to other activity levels. Interface pressure was measured only in static weight-bearing positions and during walking, not across gait phases or on ramps, stairs, or uneven terrain. The rotation measurement method was not validated against gold-standard motion analysis. The study did not control for confounding variables such as muscle tonus and perspiration during static testing. The follow-up period was 4 weeks per socket, with no long-term assessment after limb volume changes. The prosthetist who fabricated and fitted the sockets was not blinded, although the assessor was. The sample size was based on interface pressure, and that outcome showed no significant difference.

The authors disclosed no financial support for the research, authorship, or publication.

Do not conclude that the modified socket is proven better for transtibial amputation fitting. The interface pressure result was null, only eight completed, and the rotation method was not validated.