Effects of aquatic walking exercise using a walker in a chronic stroke patient.

Only one patient was evaluated, so the results cannot show what happens in other patients. No control group or statistical analysis was used, so improvement cannot be separated from time or other care. The patient received water walking, land walking, a walker, a grip attachment, and sometimes weight belts, so the effect of any one component is unknown. The study did not evaluate whether gains carried over to the home environment. Physical function and ADL changes were small or absent, and the report contains an inconsistency about satisfaction: one sentence says VAS showed no difference, while the caregiver table reports improved satisfaction.

Do not conclude that aquatic walking with a walker caused the improvements. This was one patient, and the program combined water walking, land walking, a walker, a grip modification, and sometimes weight belts, with no control group or statistical analysis.