PTOTOtherPM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation2018

Barriers, Facilitators and Interventions to Support Virtual Reality Implementation in Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.

Stephanie Miranda Nadine Glegg, Danielle Elaine Levac

PMID 30503231

WHAT IT FOUND

Therapists faced many barriers to VR use, including fit, skills, space, time and support.

Some evaluated support packages improved knowledge and confidence, but use did not clearly increase.

Key findings

01Barriers and facilitators appeared in almost every implementation domain, with environmental context and resources the most frequent.

02Only 6 of the 24 included articles evaluated support packages; the 2 mixed-methods studies found improved knowledge, skills, ease and confidence, but one study found no change in objective behavior and the only longitudinal study found no increase at 6 months.

03The main practical issues were technology fit for client goals, therapist competency and confidence, and access to space, time, equipment and support.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTsWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

This is a scoping review, not a trial or meta-analysis, so it maps what has been studied rather than proving that VR/AVG or training works. The authors did not appraise the quality of the included studies, so the reliability of the intervention findings is uncertain. Most evidence came from small-scale studies; only the national survey studies had larger samples. The search was limited to English articles published since 2005 in peer-reviewed journals or conference proceedings, and excluded gray literature. Barriers and facilitators were coded by the authors, and a different coder may have classified themes differently. The review focused on therapist perspectives and did not examine client experiences. The recommendations do not cover all identified barriers, facilitators, or research gaps. A formal stakeholder consultation was not done.

The easy way to misread this

Do not conclude that training alone will increase VR/AVG use or improve patient function. The evaluated packages combined several supports, and improved knowledge and confidence did not translate into increased use. The review also did not test whether VR/AVG improves outcomes.

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