Assessing functioning for individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions: Current clinical practice in Australia.
Emily D'Arcy, Kiah Evans, Bahareh Afsharnejad and 3 others
PMID 35934786WHAT IT FOUND
Clinicians assessing neurodevelopmental conditions in Australia reported frequent but inconsistent functioning assessments, often using observations, interviews and standardised tools.
Time, unclear guidelines, tool access and cost were major barriers.
Key findings
01A single clinician's assessment and report was estimated to take just under 7 hours, while a two to four clinician team was estimated to take 9 to 15 hours.
02Most clinicians collected information through observations, informal interviews, standardised measures and contact with familiar people, and reported using 2.77 measures per assessment.
03The most frequently endorsed barriers were time available, access to resources or tools and caseload, while the most common personal facilitators were access to assessment measures, ability to evaluate research literature and understanding of best practice.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for OTsWhat it means for SLPs
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What it does not show
Participants were recruited by convenience and self-selection, so clinicians who were more confident or research engaged may have answered. Most participants had qualifications beyond a bachelor's degree, which may not represent typical practice. Results are self-reported and may include social desirability bias. The sample size was small, and profession comparisons were only calculated for occupational therapists, psychologists and speech pathologists. Branching logic meant not all participants answered questions about ICF chapters. Qualitative comments were too limited to identify themes. The survey only asked about specific named measures, so other measures' frequency and appropriateness were not captured. Findings describe Australian practice and may not generalise to other countries or funding systems.
Declared interests
One author received an Australian Government Research Training Program scholarship during the research, and the other authors completed the work through paid roles at their institutions. No other conflicts of interest were disclosed.
The easy way to misread this
Do not read this survey as showing which assessment tool or profession gives the most accurate functioning assessment. It reports what clinicians said they used and preferred, not how accurate the assessments were or how they affected patient outcomes.